Publications
399 results found
Gregg EW, Chen H, Bancks MP, et al., 2024, Impact of remission from type 2 diabetes on long-term health outcomes: findings from the Look AHEAD study., Diabetologia, Vol: 67, Pages: 459-469
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We examined the association of attainment of diabetes remission in the context of a 12 year intensive lifestyle intervention with subsequent incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD. METHODS: The Look AHEAD study was a multi-centre RCT comparing the effect of a 12 year intensive lifestyle intervention with that of diabetes support and education on CVD and other long-term health conditions. We compared the incidence of CVD and CKD among 4402 and 4132 participants, respectively, based on achievement and duration of diabetes remission. Participants were 58% female, and had a mean age of 59 years, a duration of diabetes of 6 year and BMI of 35.8 kg/m2. We applied an epidemiological definition of remission: taking no diabetes medications and having HbA1c <48 mmol/mol (6.5%) at a single point in time. We defined high-risk or very high-risk CKD based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, and CVD incidence as any occurrence of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, stroke, admission for angina or CVD death. RESULTS: Participants with evidence of any remission during follow-up had a 33% lower rate of CKD (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.52, 0.87) and a 40% lower rate of the composite CVD measure (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.47, 0.79) in multivariate analyses adjusting for HbA1c, BP, lipid levels, CVD history, diabetes duration and intervention arm, compared with participants without remission. The magnitude of risk reduction was greatest for participants with evidence of longer-term remission. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Participants with type 2 diabetes with evidence of remission had a substantially lower incidence of CKD and CVD, respectively, compared with participants who did not achieve remission. This association may be affected by post-baseline improvements in weight, fitness, HbA1c and LDL-cholesterol. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00017953 DATA AVAILABILITY: https://repository.niddk.nih.gov/studies/look-ahead/.
Jabakhanji SB, Ogungbe O, Angell SY, et al., 2024, Disruption of diabetes and hypertension care during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery approaches in the Latin America and Caribbean region: a scoping review protocol., BMJ Open, Vol: 14
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted primary healthcare globally, with particular impacts on diabetes and hypertension care. This review will examine the impact of pandemic disruptions of diabetes and hypertension care services and the evidence for interventions to mitigate or reverse pandemic disruptions in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region. METHODS AND ANALYSES: This scoping review will examine care delivery disruption and approaches for recovery of primary healthcare in the LAC region during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on diabetes and hypertension awareness, detection, treatment and control. Guided by Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology framework, this protocol adheres to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping review protocols and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance for protocol development and scoping reviews. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Global Health, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS for peer-reviewed literature published from 2020 to 12 December 2022 in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Studies will be considered eligible if reporting data on pandemic disruptions to primary care services within LAC, or interventions implemented to mitigate or reverse pandemic disruptions globally. Studies on COVID-19 or acute care will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently screen each title/abstract for eligibility, screen full texts of titles/abstracts deemed relevant and extract data from eligible full-text publications. Conflicts will be resolved through discussion and with the help of a third reviewer. Appropriate analytical techniques will be employed to synthesise the data, for example, frequency counts and descriptive statistics. Quality will be assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethics approval was needed as this is a scoping review of published literature. Results will be disseminat
Khunti K, Chudasama YV, Gregg EW, et al., 2023, Diabetes and Multiple Long-term Conditions: A Review of Our Current Global Health Challenge., Diabetes Care, Vol: 46, Pages: 2092-2101
Use of effective treatments and management programs is leading to longer survival of people with diabetes. This, in combination with obesity, is thus contributing to a rise in people living with more than one condition, known as multiple long-term conditions (MLTC or multimorbidity). MLTC is defined as the presence of two or more long-term conditions, with possible combinations of physical, infectious, or mental health conditions, where no one condition is considered as the index. These include a range of conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic kidney disease, arthritis, depression, dementia, and severe mental health illnesses. MLTC has major implications for the individual such as poor quality of life, worse health outcomes, fragmented care, polypharmacy, poor treatment adherence, mortality, and a significant impact on health care services. MLTC is a challenge, where interventions for prevention and management are lacking a robust evidence base. The key research directions for diabetes and MLTC from a global perspective include system delivery and care coordination, lifestyle interventions and therapeutic interventions.
Zhou B, Sheffer K, Bennett J, et al., 2023, Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and haemoglobin A1c, Nature Medicine, Vol: 29, Pages: 2885-2901, ISSN: 1078-8956
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes and whether those who were previously undiagnosed, and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c, or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardised proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardised proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance.
Gregg EWW, Patorno E, Karter AJJ, et al., 2023, Use of Real-World Data in Population Science to Improve the Prevention and Care of Diabetes-Related Outcomes, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 46, Pages: 1316-1326, ISSN: 0149-5992
Holman N, Barron E, Young B, et al., 2023, Comparative Incidence of Diabetes Following Hospital Admission for COVID-19 and Pneumonia: A Cohort Study, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 46, Pages: 938-943, ISSN: 0149-5992
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- Citations: 6
Holman N, Khunti K, Wild SH, et al., 2023, Care processes in people in remission from type 2 diabetes: A cohort study using the National Diabetes Audit, DIABETIC MEDICINE, Vol: 40, ISSN: 0742-3071
Dasgupta K, Boule N, Henson J, et al., 2022, Remission of type 2 diabetes and improved diastolic function by combining structured exercise with meal replacement and food reintroduction among young adults: the RESET for REMISSION randomised controlled trial protocol, BMJ OPEN, Vol: 12, ISSN: 2044-6055
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- Citations: 1
Ruiz PLD, Chen L, Morton J, et al., 2022, Mortality trends in type 1 diabetes: a multicountry analysis of six population-based cohorts, DIABETOLOGIA, Vol: 65, Pages: 964-972, ISSN: 0012-186X
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- Citations: 14
Holman N, Wild SH, Khunti K, et al., 2022, Incidence and Characteristics of Remission of Type 2 Diabetes in England: A Cohort Study Using the National Diabetes Audit, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 45, Pages: 1151-1161, ISSN: 0149-5992
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- Citations: 7
Rodriguez-Flores M, Goicochea-Turcott EW, Mancillas-Adame L, et al., 2022, The utility of the Edmonton Obesity Staging System for the prediction of COVID-19 outcomes: a multi-centre study, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY, Vol: 46, Pages: 661-668, ISSN: 0307-0565
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- Citations: 5
Knudsen JS, Knudsen SS, Hulman A, et al., 2022, Changes in type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality associated with introduction of HbA1c as diagnostic option: A Danish 24-year population-based study, LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE, Vol: 14, ISSN: 2666-7762
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- Citations: 14
Magliano DJ, Chen L, Carstensen B, et al., 2022, Trends in all-cause mortality among people with diagnosed diabetes in high-income settings: a multicountry analysis of aggregate data, LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY, Vol: 10, Pages: 112-119, ISSN: 2213-8587
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- Citations: 20
Davis WA, Chakera A, Gregg E, et al., 2022, Temporal Trends in Renal Replacement Therapy in Community-Based People with or without Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE, Vol: 11
Holman N, Wild SH, Gregg EW, et al., 2022, Comparison of mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes by age of diagnosis: an incident population-based study in England and Wales, LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY, Vol: 10, Pages: 95-+, ISSN: 2213-8587
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- Citations: 6
Pearson-Stuttard J, Cheng Y, Bennett J, et al., 2022, Trends in leading causes of hospitalisation among adults with diabetes in England from 2003 to 2018: an epidemiological analysis of linked primary care records, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, Vol: 10, Pages: 46-57, ISSN: 2213-8595
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) leads to a wide range of established vascular and metabolic complications which has resulted in specific prevention programmes being implemented across high-income countries. DM has been associated with increased risk of a broader set of conditions including cancers, liver disease and common infections. We aimed to examine the trends in a broad set of cause-specific hospitalisations in individuals with DM in England from 2003-2018.MethodsWe identified 309,874 individuals with DM in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a well described primary care database, linked to Hospital Episode Statistics inpatient data from 2003-2018. We generated a mixed prevalence and incident DM study population through serial cross sections and follow-up over time. We used a discretised Poisson regression model to estimate annual cause-specific hospitalisation rates in men and women with DM across 17 cause groupings. We generated a 1:1 age and sex matched non-DM population to compare findings. FindingsHospitalisation rates were higher for all causes in persons with DM compared to those without throughout the study period. DM itself and Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) were the leading causes of excess hospitalisation in 2003, but by 2018, respiratory conditions, cancers and IHD were the most common causes of excess hospitalisation across men and women. Hospitalisation rates declined in almost all traditional DM complication groupings (IHD, stroke, DM, amputations) whilst generally increasing across broader conditions (cancers, infections, respiratory conditions). These differing trends resulted in a diversification in the cause of hospitalisation, such that the traditional DM complications accounted for more than 50% of hospitalisations in 2003, but only approximately 30% in 2018. In contrast, the portion of hospitalisations that broader conditions accounted for increased including respiratory infections being attributable for 12% of hospitalisations in 2
Ali MK, Pearson-Stuttard J, Selvin E, et al., 2022, Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality, DIABETOLOGIA, Vol: 65, Pages: 3-13, ISSN: 0012-186X
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- Citations: 56
Siegel KR, Gregg EW, Duru OK, et al., 2021, Time to start addressing (and not just describing) the social determinants of diabetes: results from the NEXT-D 2.0 network, BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE, Vol: 9
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- Citations: 4
Holman N, Knighton P, O'Keefe J, et al., 2021, Completion of annual diabetes care processes and mortality: A cohort study using the National Diabetes Audit for England and Wales, DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Vol: 23, Pages: 2728-2740, ISSN: 1462-8902
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- Citations: 14
Laxy M, Zhang P, Benoit SR, et al., 2021, Trends in Total and Out-of-pocket Payments for Insulin Among Privately Insured US Adults With Diabetes From 2005 to 2018, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 44, Pages: E180-E182, ISSN: 0149-5992
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- Citations: 2
Gong Q, Zhang P, Wang J, et al., 2021, Efficacy of lifestyle intervention in adults with impaired glucose tolerance with and without impaired fasting plasma glucose: A post hoc analysis of Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study, DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Vol: 23, Pages: 2385-2394, ISSN: 1462-8902
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- Citations: 7
Davis K, Perez-Guzman P, Hoyer A, et al., 2021, Correction to: Association between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies., BMC Medicine, Vol: 19, Pages: 228-228, ISSN: 1741-7015
Cicek M, Buckley J, Pearson-Stuttard J, et al., 2021, Characterising multimorbidity from type-2 diabetes: insights from clustering approaches, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, Vol: 50, Pages: 531-558, ISSN: 0889-8529
Patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often live with and develop multiple co-occurring conditions, namely multimorbidity, with diffuse impacts on clinical care and patient quality of life. However, literature characterising T2DM-related multimorbidity patterns is limited. This review summarises the findings from the emerging literature characterising and quantifying the association of T2DM with multimorbidity clusters. Our findings reveal three dominant cluster types appearing in patients with T2DM-related multimorbidity, such as cardiometabolic precursor conditions, vascular conditions, and mental health conditions. We recommend that holistic patient care centres around early detection of other comorbidities and consideration of wider risk factors, while future research should focus on the temporality of T2DM-related multimorbidity trajectories.
Pearson-Stuttard J, Buckley J, Cicek M, et al., 2021, The changing nature of mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, Vol: 50, Pages: 357-368, ISSN: 0889-8529
Holman N, Knighton P, Wild SH, et al., 2021, Cohort profile: National Diabetes Audit for England and Wales, DIABETIC MEDICINE, Vol: 38, ISSN: 0742-3071
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- Citations: 15
Gregg EW, Sophiea MK, Weldegiorgis M, 2021, Diabetes and COVID-19: Population Impact 18 Months Into the Pandemic, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 44, Pages: 1916-1923, ISSN: 0149-5992
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- Citations: 32
Gregg EW, Moin T, 2021, New USPSTF Recommendations for Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes An Opportunity to Create National Momentum, JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, Vol: 326, Pages: 701-703, ISSN: 0098-7484
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- Citations: 5
Mercado C, Bullard KM, Gregg EW, et al., 2021, Differences in US Rural-Urban Trends in Diabetes ABCS, 1999-2018, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 44, Pages: 1766-1773, ISSN: 0149-5992
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- Citations: 14
Wadden TA, Chao AM, Anderson H, et al., 2021, Changes in mood and health-related quality of life in Look AHEAD 6 years after termination of the lifestyle intervention, OBESITY, Vol: 29, Pages: 1294-1308, ISSN: 1930-7381
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- Citations: 3
Chan JCN, Lim L-L, Shaw JE, et al., 2021, Data on diabetes-specific distress are needed to improve the quality of diabetes care reply, LANCET, Vol: 397, Pages: 2150-2150, ISSN: 0140-6736
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