ProfessorEdwardGregg

Chen Y, Zhang P, Wang J, Gong Q, An Y, Qian X, Zhang B, Li H, Gregg EW, Bennett PH, Li Get al., 2021, Associations of progression to diabetes and regression to normal glucose tolerance with development of cardiovascular and microvascular disease among people with impaired glucose tolerance: a secondary analysis of the 30 year Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study, DIABETOLOGIA, Vol: 64, Pages: 1279-1287, ISSN: 0012-186X

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• Citations: 15

Mora-Diaz JC, Pineyro PE, Rauh R, Nelson W, Sankoh Z, Gregg E, Antonio Carrillo-Avila J, Shen H, Nelli RK, Zimmerman JJ, Gimenez-Lirola LGet al., 2021, Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection In Vivo and Ex Vivo, JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, Vol: 95, ISSN: 0022-538X

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• Citations: 13

Davis K, Perez Guzman P, Hoyer A, Brinks R, Gregg E, Althoff KN, Justice AC, Reiss P, Gregson S, Smit Met al., 2021, Association between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies, BMC Medicine, Vol: 19, ISSN: 1741-7015

Background:Improved access to effective antiretroviral therapy has meant that people living with HIV (PLHIV) are surviving to older ages. However, PLHIV may be ageing differently to HIV-negative individuals, with dissimilar burdens of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension. While some observational studies have reported a higher risk of prevalent hypertension among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals, others have found a reduced burden. To clarify the relationship between HIV and hypertension, we identified observational studies and pooled their results to assess whether there is a difference in hypertension risk by HIV status.Methods:We performed a global systematic review and meta-analysis of published cross-sectional studies that examined hypertension risk by HIV status among adults aged > 15 (PROSPERO: CRD42019151359). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health and Cochrane CENTRAL to August 23, 2020, and checked reference lists of included articles. Our main outcome was the risk ratio for prevalent hypertension in PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals. Summary estimates were pooled with a random effects model and meta-regression explored whether any difference was associated with study-level factors.Results:Of 21,527 identified studies, 59 were eligible (11,101,581 participants). Crude global hypertension risk was lower among PLHIV than HIV-negative individuals (risk ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.96), although heterogeneity between studies was high (I2 = 97%, p < 0.0001). The relationship varied by continent, with risk higher among PLHIV in North America (1.12, 1.02–1.23) and lower among PLHIV in Africa (0.75, 0.68–0.83) and Asia (0.77, 0.63–0.95). Meta-regression revealed strong evidence of a difference in risk ratios when comparing North American and European studies to African ones (North America 1.45, 1.21–1.74; Europe 1.20, 1.03–1.40).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the r

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Bardenheier BH, Wu W-C, Zullo AR, Gravenstein S, Gregg EWet al., 2021, Progression to diabetes by baseline glycemic status among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2006-2014, DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE, Vol: 174, ISSN: 0168-8227

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• Citations: 7

Magliano DJ, Chen L, Islam RM, Carstensen B, Gregg EW, Pavkov ME, Andes LJ, Balicer R, Baviera M, Boersma-van Dam E, Booth GL, Chan JCN, Chua YX, Fosse-Edorh S, Fuentes S, Gulseth HL, Gurevicius R, Ha KH, Hird TR, Jermendy G, Khalangot MD, Kim DJ, Kiss Z, Kravchenko V, Leventer-Roberts M, Lin C-Y, Luk AOY, Mata-Cases M, Mauricio D, Nichols GA, Nielen MM, Pang D, Paul SK, Pelletier C, Pildava S, Porath A, Read SH, Roncaglioni MC, Ruiz PL-D, Shestakova M, Vikulova O, Wang K-L, Wild SH, Yekutiel N, Shaw JEet al., 2021, Trends in the incidence of diagnosed diabetes: a multicountry analysis of aggregate data from 22 million diagnoses in high-income and middle-income settings, LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY, Vol: 9, Pages: 203-211, ISSN: 2213-8587

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• Citations: 60

Shao H, Laxy M, Benoit SR, Cheng YJ, Gregg EW, Zhang Pet al., 2021, Trends in Total and Out-of-pocket Payments for Noninsulin Glucose-Lowering Drugs Among US Adults With Large-Employer Private Health Insurance From 2005 to 2018, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 44, Pages: 925-934, ISSN: 0149-5992

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• Citations: 4

NCD Risk Factor Collaboration NCD-RisC, Iurilli N, 2021, Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body-mass index to change in obesity and underweight, eLife, Vol: 10, ISSN: 2050-084X

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.

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Pearson-Stuttard J, Bennett J, Vamos E, Cross A, Ezzati M, Gregg Eet al., 2021, Trends in predominant causes of death in individuals with and without diabetes in England from 2001 to 2018: an epidemiological analysis of linked primary care records, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, Vol: 9, Pages: 165-173, ISSN: 2213-8595

BackgroundThe prevalence of diabetes has increased in the UK and other high-income countries alongside a substantial decline in cardiovascular mortality. Yet data are scarce on how these trends have changed the causes of death in people with diabetes who have traditionally died primarily of vascular causes. We estimated how all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in people with diabetes have changed over time, how the composition of the mortality burden has changed, and how this composition compared with that of the non-diabetes population.MethodsIn this epidemiological analysis of primary care records, we identified 313 907 individuals with diabetes in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a well described primary care database, between 2001 to 2018, and linked these data to UK Office for National Statistics mortality data. We assembled serial cross sections with longitudinal follow-up to generate a mixed prevalence and incidence study population of patients with diabetes. We used discretised Poisson regression models to estimate annual death rates for deaths from all causes and 12 specific causes for men and women with diabetes. We also identified age-matched and sex matched (1:1) individuals without diabetes from the same dataset and estimated mortality rates in this group.FindingsBetween Jan 1, 2001, and Oct 31, 2018, total mortality declined by 32% in men and 31% in women with diagnosed diabetes. Death rates declined from 40·7 deaths per 1000 person-years to 27·8 deaths per 1000 person-years in men and from 42·7 deaths per 1000 person-years to 29·5 deaths per 1000 person-years in women with diagnosed diabetes. We found similar declines in individuals without diabetes, hence the gap in mortality between those with and without diabetes was maintained over the study period. Cause-specific death rates declined in ten of the 12 cause groups, with exceptions in dementia and liver disease, which increased in both populations. Th

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Pearson-Stuttard J, Bennett J, Cheng Y, Vamos E, Cross A, Ezzati M, Gregg Eet al., 2021, Trends in predominant causes of death in those with and without diabetes in England from 2001 to 2018, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, Vol: 9, Pages: 165-173, ISSN: 2213-8595

BackgroundThe prevalence of diabetes has increased in the UK and other high-income countries alongside a substantial decline in cardiovascular mortality. Yet data are scarce on how these trends have changed the causes of death in people with diabetes who have traditionally died primarily of vascular causes. We estimated how all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in people with diabetes have changed over time, how the composition of the mortality burden has changed, and how this composition compared with that of the non-diabetes population.MethodsIn this epidemiological analysis of primary care records, we identified 313 907 individuals with diabetes in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a well described primary care database, between 2001 to 2018, and linked these data to UK Office for National Statistics mortality data. We assembled serial cross sections with longitudinal follow-up to generate a mixed prevalence and incidence study population of patients with diabetes. We used discretised Poisson regression models to estimate annual death rates for deaths from all causes and 12 specific causes for men and women with diabetes. We also identified age-matched and sex matched (1:1) individuals without diabetes from the same dataset and estimated mortality rates in this group.FindingsBetween Jan 1, 2001, and Oct 31, 2018, total mortality declined by 32% in men and 31% in women with diagnosed diabetes. Death rates declined from 40·7 deaths per 1000 person-years to 27·8 deaths per 1000 person-years in men and from 42·7 deaths per 1000 person-years to 29·5 deaths per 1000 person-years in women with diagnosed diabetes. We found similar declines in individuals without diabetes, hence the gap in mortality between those with and without diabetes was maintained over the study period. Cause-specific death rates declined in ten of the 12 cause groups, with exceptions in dementia and liver disease, which increased in both populations. Th

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Shao H, Laxy M, Gregg EW, Albright A, Zhang Pet al., 2021, Cost-Effectiveness of the New 2018 American College of Physicians Glycemic Control Guidance Statements Among US Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, VALUE IN HEALTH, Vol: 24, Pages: 227-235, ISSN: 1098-3015

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Zhang P, Atkinson KM, Bray GA, Chen H, Clark JM, Coday M, Dutton GR, Egan C, Espeland MA, Evans M, Foreyt JP, Greenway FL, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hill JO, Horton ES, Hubbard VS, Huckfeldt PJ, Jackson SD, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Killean T, Knowler WC, Korytkowski M, Lewis CE, Maruthur NM, Michaels S, Montez MG, Nathan DM, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer X, Pownall H, Redmon B, Rushing JT, Steinburg H, Wadden TA, Wing RR, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZet al., 2021, Within-Trial Cost-Effectiveness of a Structured Lifestyle Intervention in Adults With Overweight/Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Study, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 44, Pages: 67-74, ISSN: 0149-5992

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• Citations: 6

Mercado C, Beckles G, Cheng Y, Bullard KM, Saydah S, Gregg E, Imperatore Get al., 2021, Trends and socioeconomic disparities in all-cause mortality among adults with diagnosed diabetes by race/ethnicity: a population-based cohort study-USA, 1997-2015, BMJ OPEN, Vol: 11, ISSN: 2044-6055

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• Citations: 4

Zhou B, Carrillo-Larco RM, Danaei G, Riley LM, Paciorek CJ, Stevens GA, Gregg EW, Bennett JE, Solomon B, Singleton RKet al., 2021, Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants, The Lancet, Vol: 398, Pages: 957-980, ISSN: 0140-6736

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Bracco PA, Gregg EW, Rolka DB, Schmidt MI, Barreto SM, Lotufo PA, Bensenor I, Duncan BBet al., 2021, Lifetime risk of developing diabetes and years of life lost among those with diabetes in Brazil, JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 11, ISSN: 2047-2978

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• Citations: 5

Chan JCN, Lim L-L, Wareham NJ, Shaw JE, Orchard TJ, Zhang P, Lau ESH, Eliasson B, Kong APS, Ezzati M, Aguilar-Salinas CA, McGill M, Levitt NS, Ning G, So W-Y, Adams J, Bracco P, Forouhi NG, Gregory GA, Guo J, Hua X, Klatman EL, Magliano DJ, Ng B-P, Ogilvie D, Panter J, Pavkov M, Shao H, Unwin N, White M, Wou C, Ma RCW, Schmidt MI, Ramachandran A, Seino Y, Bennett PH, Oldenburg B, Gagliardino JJ, Luk AOY, Clarke PM, Ogle GD, Davies MJ, Holman RR, Gregg EWet al., 2020, The <i>Lancet</i> Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives, LANCET, Vol: 396, Pages: 2019-2082, ISSN: 0140-6736

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• Citations: 229

Fishbein HA, Birch RJ, Mathew SM, Sawyer HL, Pulver G, Poling J, Kaelber D, Mardon R, Johnson MC, Pace W, Umbel KD, Zhang X, Siegel KR, Imperatore G, Shrestha S, Proia K, Cheng Y, Bullard KM, Gregg EW, Rolka D, Pavkov MEet al., 2020, The Longitudinal Epidemiologic Assessment of Diabetes Risk (LEADR): Unique 1.4 M patient Electronic Health Record cohort, HEALTHCARE-THE JOURNAL OF DELIVERY SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, Vol: 8, ISSN: 2213-0764

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• Citations: 5

Rodriguez-Martinez A, Zhou B, Sophiea MK, Bentham J, Paciorek CJ, Iurilli ML, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bennett JE, Di Cesare M, Taddei C, Bixby H, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Cowan MJ, Savin S, Danaei G, Chirita-Emandi A, Kengne AP, Khang YH, Laxmaiah A, Malekzadeh R, Miranda JJ, Moon JS, Popovic SR, Sørensen TI, Soric M, Starc G, Zainuddin AA, Gregg EW, Bhutta ZA, Black R, Abarca-Gómez L, Abdeen ZA, Abdrakhmanova S, Abdul Ghaffar S, Abdul Rahim HF, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Abubakar Garba J, Acosta-Cazares B, Adams RJ, Aekplakorn W, Afsana K, Afzal S, Agdeppa IA, Aghazadeh-Attari J, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Agyemang C, Ahmad MH, Ahmad NA, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi N, Ahmed SH, Ahrens W, Aitmurzaeva G, Ajlouni K, Al-Hazzaa HM, Al-Othman AR, Al-Raddadi R, Alarouj M, AlBuhairan F, AlDhukair S, Ali MM, Alkandari A, Alkerwi A, Allin K, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Aly E, Amarapurkar DN, Amiri P, Amougou N, Amouyel P, Andersen LB, Anderssen SA, Ängquist L, Anjana RM, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Aounallah-Skhiri H, Araújo J, Ariansen I, Aris T, Arku RE, Arlappa N, Aryal KK, Aspelund T, Assah FK, Assunção MCF, Aung MS, Auvinen J, Avdicová M, Azevedo A, Azimi-Nezhad M, Azizi F, Azmin M, Babu BV, Bæksgaard Jørgensen M, Baharudin A, Bahijri S, Baker JL, Balakrishna N, Bamoshmoosh Met al., 2020, Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants, The Lancet, Vol: 396, Pages: 1511-1524, ISSN: 0140-6736

SummaryBackgroundComparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents.MethodsFor this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence.FindingsWe pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became

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Carrillo Larco R, Bennett JE, Di Cesare M, Gregg EW, Bernabe-Ortiz Aet al., 2020, The contribution of specific non-communicable diseases to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 in Peru, PLoS One, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1932-6203

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) have received political attention and commitment, yet surveillance is needed to measure progress and set priorities. Building on global estimates suggesting that Peru is not on target to meet the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4, we estimated the contribution of various NCDs to the change in unconditional probability of dying from NCDs in 25 regions in Peru.MethodsUsing national death registries and census data, we estimated the unconditional probability of dying between ages 30 and 69 from any and from each of the following NCDs: cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated the contribution of each NCD to the change in the unconditional probability of dying from any of these NCDs between 2006 and 2016.ResultsThe overall unconditional probability of dying improved for men (21.4%) and women (23.3%). Cancer accounted for 10.9% in men and 13.7% in women of the overall reduction; cardiovascular diseases also contributed substantially: 11.3% in men) and 9.8% in women. Consistently in men and women and across regions, diabetes moved in the opposite direction of the overall reduction in the unconditional probability of dying from any selected NCD. Diabetes contributed a rise in the unconditional probability of 3.6% in men and 2.1% in women.ConclusionsAlthough the unconditional probability of dying from any selected NCD has decreased, diabetes would prevent Peru from meeting international targets. Policies are needed to prevent diabetes and to strengthen healthcare to avoid diabetes-related complications and delay mortality.

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Cohorts Consortium of Latin America and the Caribbean CC-LAC, Carrillo Larco R, Gregg EW, Ezzati Met al., 2020, Cohort profile: The Cohorts Consortium of Latin America and the Caribbean (CC-LAC), International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol: 49, Pages: 1437-1437g, ISSN: 0300-5771

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Lim L-L, Lau ESH, Ozaki R, Chung H, Fu AWC, Chan W, Kong APS, Ma RCW, So W-Y, Chow E, Cheung KKT, Yau T, Chow CC, Lau V, Yue R, Ng S, Zee B, Goggins W, Oldenburg B, Clarke PM, Lau M, Wong R, Tsang CC, Gregg EW, Wu H, Tong PCY, Ko GTC, Luk AOY, Chan JCNet al., 2020, Association of technologically assisted integrated care with clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong using the prospective JADE Program: A retrospective cohort analysis, PLOS MEDICINE, Vol: 17, ISSN: 1549-1277

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• Citations: 16

Laxy M, Zhang P, Ng BP, Shao H, Ali MK, Albright A, Gregg EWet al., 2020, Implementing Lifestyle Change Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in US Medicaid Programs: Cost Effectiveness, and Cost, Health, and Health Equity Impact, APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY, Vol: 18, Pages: 713-726, ISSN: 1175-5652

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• Citations: 4

Harding JL, Andes LJ, Rolka DB, Imperatore G, Gregg EW, Li Y, Albright Aet al., 2020, National and State-Level Trends in Nontraumatic Lower-Extremity Amputation Among US Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes, 2000-2017, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 43, Pages: 2453-2459, ISSN: 0149-5992

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• Citations: 29

Ranchagoda JD, Johnston D, Majeed A, Valabhji J, Gregg E, Misra Set al., 2020, Prevalence and BMI of early-onset adult type 2 diabetes in a multi-ethnic population, 56th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes (EASD), Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S77-S78, ISSN: 0012-186X

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Chen L, Islam RM, Wang J, Hird TR, Pavkov ME, Gregg EW, Salim A, Tabesh M, Koye DN, Harding JL, Sacre JW, Barr ELM, Magliano DJ, Shaw JEet al., 2020, A systematic review of trends in all-cause mortality among people with diabetes, DIABETOLOGIA, Vol: 63, Pages: 1718-1735, ISSN: 0012-186X

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• Citations: 24

Yeh H-C, Bantle JP, Cassidy-Begay M, Blackburn G, Bray GA, Byers T, Clark JM, Coday M, Egan C, Espeland MA, Foreyt JP, Garcia K, Goldman V, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hesson L, Hill JO, Horton ES, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Korytkowski M, Kure A, Lewis CE, Mantzoros C, Meacham M, Montez MG, Nathan DM, Pajewski N, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer FX, Pownall H, Ryan DH, Safford M, Sedjo RL, Steinburg H, Vitolins M, Wadden TA, Wagenknecht LE, Wing RR, Wolff AC, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZet al., 2020, Intensive Weight Loss Intervention and Cancer Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the Look AHEAD Randomized Clinical Trial, OBESITY, Vol: 28, Pages: 1678-1686, ISSN: 1930-7381

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• Citations: 32

Sargeant JA, Brady EM, Zaccardi F, Tippins F, Webb DR, Aroda VR, Gregg EW, Khunti K, Davies MJet al., 2020, Adults with early-onset type 2 diabetes (aged 18-39 years) are severely underrepresented in diabetes clinical research trials, DIABETOLOGIA, Vol: 63, Pages: 1516-1520, ISSN: 0012-186X

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• Citations: 12

Magliano DJ, Chen L, Pavkov ME, Gregg EW, Shaw JEet al., 2020, Trends in diabetes incidence worldwide: Are the findings real?, MATURITAS, Vol: 137, Pages: 63-64, ISSN: 0378-5122

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• Citations: 2

Davis WA, Gregg EW, Davis TME, 2020, Temporal Trends in Cardiovascular Complications in People With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, Vol: 105, Pages: E2471-E2482, ISSN: 0021-972X

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• Citations: 17

Siegel KR, Ali MK, Zhou X, Ng BP, Jawanda S, Proia K, Zhang X, Gregg EW, Albright AL, Zhang Pet al., 2020, Cost-effectiveness of Interventions to Manage Diabetes: Has the Evidence Changed Since 2008?, DIABETES CARE, Vol: 43, Pages: 1557-1592, ISSN: 0149-5992

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• Citations: 69

Gruss SM, Nhim K, Gregg E, Bell M, Luman E, Albright Aet al., 2020, Public Health Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: the US National Diabetes Prevention Program and Beyond (vol 19, 78, 2019), CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1534-4827

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