Publications
297 results found
Williams OM, Abeel T, Casali N, et al., 2015, Fatal nosocomial transmission of MDR-TB identified through routine genetic analysis and whole genome sequencing, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol: 21, ISSN: 1080-6059
Turnbull ER, Drobniewski F, 2015, Vitamin D supplementation: a comprehensive review on supplementation for tuberculosis prophylaxis., Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, Vol: 9, Pages: 269-275, ISSN: 1747-6348
Vitamin D plays a large role in the innate immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, activation and progression. Likewise, vitamin D deficiency is shown by evidence presented here to be a known risk factor for developing both MTB infection and active tuberculosis (TB). This comprehensive review discusses the evidence and remaining questions regarding vitamin D supplementation as a prophylactic measure in those who are at high risk of MTB infection and active TB. Vitamin D supplementation is routinely prescribed for osteoporosis prevention; yet, guidelines are lacking for its prescription for TB prevention, despite the adverse effects being rare. Policymakers are urged here to review the literature and provide urgent guidelines on vitamin D supplementation for TB prophylaxis.
Drobniewski F, Cooke M, Jordan J, et al., 2015, Systematic review, meta-analysis and economic modelling of molecular diagnostic tests for antibiotic resistance in tuberculosis, Health Technology Assessment, Vol: 19, ISSN: 1366-5278
Gonzaloa X, Casali N, Broda A, et al., 2015, Combination of amikacin and doxycycline against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS, Vol: 45, Pages: 406-412, ISSN: 0924-8579
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- Citations: 20
Curtis J, Luo Y, Zenner HL, et al., 2015, Susceptibility to tuberculosis is associated with variants in the ASAP1 gene encoding a regulator of dendritic cell migration, Nature Genetics, Vol: 47, Pages: 523-527, ISSN: 1546-1718
Human genetic factors predispose to tuberculosis (TB). We studied 7.6 million genetic variants in 5,530 people with pulmonary TB and in 5,607 healthy controls. In the combined analysis of these subjects and the follow-up cohort (15,087 TB patients and controls altogether), we found an association between TB and variants located in introns of the ASAP1 gene on chromosome 8q24 (P = 2.6 × 10−11 for rs4733781; P = 1.0 × 10−10 for rs10956514). Dendritic cells (DCs) showed high ASAP1 expression that was reduced after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and rs10956514 was associated with the level of reduction of ASAP1 expression. The ASAP1 protein is involved in actin and membrane remodeling and has been associated with podosomes. The ASAP1-depleted DCs showed impaired matrix degradation and migration. Therefore, genetically determined excessive reduction of ASAP1 expression in M. tuberculosis–infected DCs may lead to their impaired migration, suggesting a potential mechanism of predisposition to TB.
Merker M, Blin C, Mona S, et al., 2015, Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage, Nature Genetics, Vol: 47, Pages: 242-249, ISSN: 1061-4036
Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the Beijing lineage are globally distributed and are associated with the massive spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in Eurasia. Here we reconstructed the biogeographical structure and evolutionary history of this lineage by genetic analysis of 4,987 isolates from 99 countries and whole-genome sequencing of 110 representative isolates. We show that this lineage initially originated in the Far East, from where it radiated worldwide in several waves. We detected successive increases in population size for this pathogen over the last 200 years, practically coinciding with the Industrial Revolution, the First World War and HIV epidemics. Two MDR clones of this lineage started to spread throughout central Asia and Russia concomitantly with the collapse of the public health system in the former Soviet Union. Mutations identified in genes putatively under positive selection and associated with virulence might have favored the expansion of the most successful branches of the lineage.
Nikolayevskyy V, Miotto P, Pimkina E, et al., 2015, Utility of propidium monoazide viability assay as a biomarker for a tuberculosis disease, TUBERCULOSIS, Vol: 95, Pages: 179-185, ISSN: 1472-9792
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- Citations: 20
Merker M, Blin C, Mona S, et al., 2015, Evolutionary history and global spread of the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Beijing lineage (vol 47, pg 242, 2015), NATURE GENETICS, Vol: 47, ISSN: 1061-4036
Merker M, Blin C, Mona S, et al., 2015, Erratum: Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage (Nat. Genet. (2015) DOI: 10.1038/ng.3195), Nature Genetics, Vol: 47, ISSN: 1061-4036
Smit PW, Vasankari T, Aaltonen H, et al., 2015, Enhanced tuberculosis outbreak investigation using whole genome sequencing and IGRA, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 45, Pages: 276-279, ISSN: 0903-1936
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- Citations: 13
Gonzalo X, Drobniewski F, Hoffner S, et al., 2014, Evaluation of a biphasic media assay for pyrazinamide drug susceptibility testing of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY, Vol: 69, Pages: 3001-3005, ISSN: 0305-7453
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- Citations: 3
Miotto P, Cabibbe AM, Feuerriegel S, et al., 2014, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pyrazinamide Resistance Determinants: a Multicenter Study, mBio, Vol: 5, ISSN: 2150-7511
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a prodrug that is converted to pyrazinoic acid by the enzyme pyrazinamidase, encoded by the pncA gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular identification of mutations in pncA offers the potential for rapid detection of pyrazinamide resistance (PZAr). However, the genetic variants are highly variable and scattered over the full length of pncA, complicating the development of a molecular test. We performed a large multicenter study assessing pncA sequence variations in 1,950 clinical isolates, including 1,142 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains and 483 fully susceptible strains. The results of pncA sequencing were correlated with phenotype, enzymatic activity, and structural and phylogenetic data. We identified 280 genetic variants which were divided into four classes: (i) very high confidence resistance mutations that were found only in PZAr strains (85%), (ii) high-confidence resistance mutations found in more than 70% of PZAr strains, (iii) mutations with an unclear role found in less than 70% of PZAr strains, and (iv) mutations not associated with phenotypic resistance (10%). Any future molecular diagnostic assay should be able to target and identify at least the very high and high-confidence genetic variant markers of PZAr; the diagnostic accuracy of such an assay would be in the range of 89.5 to 98.8%.
Lange C, Abubakar I, Alffenaar J-WC, et al., 2014, Management of patients with multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Europe: a TBNET consensus statement, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 44, Pages: 23-63, ISSN: 0903-1936
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- Citations: 210
Gonzalo X, Hutchison DCS, Drobniewski FA, et al., 2014, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the United Kingdom and Lithuania, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE, Vol: 18, Pages: 663-665, ISSN: 1027-3719
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- Citations: 2
Faksri K, Chaiprasert A, Pardieu C, et al., 2014, Heterogeneity of phenotypic characteristics of the modern and ancestral Beijing strains of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 32, Pages: 124-132, ISSN: 0125-877X
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- Citations: 10
Coll F, Preston M, Guerra-Assuncao JA, et al., 2014, PolyTB: A genomic variation map for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, TUBERCULOSIS, Vol: 94, Pages: 346-354, ISSN: 1472-9792
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- Citations: 65
Walker TM, Lalor MK, Broda A, et al., 2014, Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in Oxfordshire, UK, 2007-12, with whole pathogen genome sequences: an observational study, The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Vol: 2, Pages: 285-292, ISSN: 2213-2600
BackgroundPatients born outside the UK have contributed to a 20% rise in the UK's tuberculosis incidence since 2000, but their effect on domestic transmission is not known. Here we use whole-genome sequencing to investigate the epidemiology of tuberculosis transmission in an unselected population over 6 years.MethodsWe identified all residents with Oxfordshire postcodes with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture or a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis between Jan 1, 2007, and Dec 31, 2012, using local databases and checking against the national Enhanced Tuberculosis Surveillance database. We used Illumina technology to sequence all available M tuberculosis cultures from identified cases. Sequences were clustered by genetic relatedness and compared retrospectively with contact investigations. The first patient diagnosed in each cluster was defined as the index case, with links to subsequent cases assigned first by use of any epidemiological linkage, then by genetic distance, and then by timing of diagnosis.FindingsAlthough we identified 384 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis, country of birth was known for 380 and we sequenced isolates from 247 of 269 cases with culture-confirmed disease. 39 cases were genomically linked within 13 clusters, implying 26 local transmission events. Only 11 of 26 possible transmissions had been previously identified through contact tracing. Of seven genomically confirmed household clusters, five contained additional genomic links to epidemiologically unidentified non-household members. 255 (67%) patients were born in a country with high tuberculosis incidence, conferring a local incidence of 109 cases per 100 000 population per year in Oxfordshire, compared with 3·5 cases per 100 000 per year for those born in low-incidence countries. However, patients born in the low-incidence countries, predominantly UK, were more likely to have pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratio 1·8 [95% CI 1·2–2·9]; p=0&mid
Sanchini A, Fiebig L, Drobniewski F, et al., 2014, Laboratory diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis in the European Union/European Economic Area: analysis of routine laboratory data, 2007 to 2011, EUROSURVEILLANCE, Vol: 19, Pages: 39-48, ISSN: 1560-7917
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- Citations: 6
Casali N, Nikolayevskyy V, Balabanova Y, et al., 2014, Evolution and transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a Russian population, Nature Genetics, Vol: 46, Pages: 279-286, ISSN: 1546-1718
The molecular mechanisms determining the transmissibility and prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a population were investigated through whole-genome sequencing of 1,000 prospectively obtained patient isolates from Russia. Two-thirds belonged to the Beijing lineage, which was dominated by two homogeneous clades. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) genotypes were found in 48% of isolates overall and in 87% of the major clades. The most common rpoB mutation was associated with fitness-compensatory mutations in rpoA or rpoC, and a new intragenic compensatory substitution was identified. The proportion of MDR cases with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis was 16% overall, with 65% of MDR isolates harboring eis mutations, selected by kanamycin therapy, which may drive the expansion of strains with enhanced virulence. The combination of drug resistance and compensatory mutations displayed by the major clades confers clinical resistance without compromising fitness and transmissibility, showing that, in addition to weaknesses in the tuberculosis control program, biological factors drive the persistence and spread of MDR and XDR tuberculosis in Russia and beyond.
Allix-Beguec C, Wahl C, Hanekom M, et al., 2014, Proposal of a Consensus Set of Hypervariable Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive-Unit-Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Loci for Subtyping of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Beijing Isolates, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Vol: 52, Pages: 164-172, ISSN: 0095-1137
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- Citations: 74
Jackson C, Southern J, Whitworth HS, et al., 2013, DIABETES AND LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION: NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY WITHIN THE PREDICT COHORT, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A31-A32, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 4
Hoefsloot W, Van Ingen J, Andrejak C, et al., 2013, The geographic diversity of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from pulmonary samples An NTM-NET collaborative study, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 42, Pages: 1604-1613, ISSN: 0903-1936
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- Citations: 531
Hillemann D, Hoffner S, Cirillo D, et al., 2013, First Evaluation after Implementation of a Quality Control System for the Second Line Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Joint Efforts in Low and High Incidence Countries, PLOS One, Vol: 8, ISSN: 1932-6203
Three networks/projects involving 27 European countries were established to investigate the quality of second-line drug (SLD) susceptibility testing with conventional and molecular methods. 1. The "Baltic-Nordic TB-Laboratory Network" comprised 11 reference laboratories in the Baltic-Nordic States. They performed SLD testing in the first phase with a panel of 20 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. After several laboratories made technical changes a second panel of 10 strains with a higher proportion of resistant strains were tested. Although the concordance for Ofloxacin, Kanamycin, and Capreomycin was consistently high, the largest improvements in performance were achieved for the analysis of Ofloxacin resistant (from 88.9 to 95.0%), and Capreomycin resistant (from 71.0 to 88.9%) strains. 2. Within the FP7 TB PAN-NET project (EU Grant agreement 223681) a quality control panel to standardize the EQA (External Quality Assurance) for first-line drugs (FLD) and SLD testing for phenotypic and molecular methods was established. The strains were characterized by their robustness, unambiguous results when tested, and low proportion of secondary drug resistances. 3. The (European Reference Laboratory Network-TB) ERLN-TB network analyzed four different panels for drug resistance testing using phenotypic and molecular methods; in two rounds in 2010 the 31 participating laboratories began with 5 strains, followed by 10 strains and 6 additional crude DNA extracts in 2011 and 2012 were examined by conventional DST and molecular methods. Overall, we demonstrated the importance of developing inter-laboratory networks to establish quality assurance and improvement of SLD testing of M. tuberculosis. © 2013 Hillemann et al.
Anderson LF, Tamne S, Watson JP, et al., 2013, Treatment outcome of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in the United Kingdom: retrospective-prospective cohort study from 2004 to 2007, EUROSURVEILLANCE, Vol: 18, Pages: 7-16, ISSN: 1025-496X
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- Citations: 39
Tsikrika S, Ioannidis P, Papaventsis D, et al., 2013, Transmission of MDR-TB by a Haarlem genotype mycobacterium tuberculosis strain among native Greeks, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Drobniewski F, Nikolayevskyy V, Maxeiner H, et al., 2013, Rapid diagnostics of tuberculosis and drug resistance in the industrialized world: clinical and public health benefits and barriers to implementation, BMC Medicine, Vol: 11, ISSN: 1741-7015
In this article, we give an overview of new technologies for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistance,consider their advantages over existing methodologies, broad issues of cost, cost-effectiveness and programmaticimplementation, and their clinical as well as public health impact, focusing on the industrialized world. Molecularnucleic-acid amplification diagnostic systems have high specificity for TB diagnosis (and rifampicin resistance) butsensitivity for TB detection is more variable. Nevertheless, it is possible to diagnose TB and rifampicin resistancewithin a day and commercial automated systems make this possible with minimal training. Although studies arelimited, these systems appear to be cost-effective. Most of these tools are of value clinically and for public healthuse. For example, whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis offers a powerful new approach to theidentification of drug resistance and to map transmission at a community and population level.
Seddon P, Fidler K, Raman S, et al., 2013, Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Clinics, United Kingdom, 2009, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol: 19, Pages: 1128-1130, ISSN: 1080-6059
Incidence of pulmonary infection with nontuberculousmycobacteria (NTM) is increasing among persons with cysticfibrosis (CF). We assessed prevalence and managementin CF centers in the United Kingdom and found 5.0% of3,805 adults and 3.3% of 3,317 children had recently beendiagnosed with NTM. Of those, 44% of adults and 47% ofchildren received treatment.
Coussens AK, Wilkinson RJ, Nikolayevskyy V, et al., 2013, Ethnic Variation in Inflammatory Profile in Tuberculosis, PLOS PATHOGENS, Vol: 9, ISSN: 1553-7374
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- Citations: 62
Klatser P, Anthony R, Barry C, et al., 2013, Chasing Koch's chimera, LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 13, Pages: 289-291, ISSN: 1473-3099
Leuow K, Papaventsis D, Kourkoundi S, et al., 2013, Fatal case of extensively drug-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Beijing genotype infection in an injecting drug user, Athens, Greece, 2012, EUROSURVEILLANCE, Vol: 18, Pages: 4-7, ISSN: 1560-7917
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- Citations: 1
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