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@article{Gallus:2023:10.2188/jea.JE20210329,
author = {Gallus, S and Lugo, A and Stival, C and Cerrai, S and Clancy, L and Filippidis, FT and Gorini, G and Lopez, MJ and López-Nicolás, Á and Molinaro, S and Odone, A and Soriano, JB and Tigova, O and VAN, DEN Brandt PA and Vardavas, CI and Fernandez, E and TackSHS, Project Investigators},
doi = {10.2188/jea.JE20210329},
journal = {Journal of Epidemiology},
pages = {276--284},
title = {Electronic cigarette use in 12 European countries. Results from the TackSHS survey},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20210329},
volume = {33},
year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Limited data on electronic cigarette prevalence, patterns and settings of use are available from several European countries. METHODS: Within the TackSHS project, a face-to-face survey was conducted in 2017-2018 in 12 European countries (Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain). Overall, 11,876 participants, representative of the population aged ≥15 years in each country, provided information on electronic cigarette. RESULTS: 2.4% (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.2-2.7) of the subjects (2.5% among men and 2.4% among women; 0.4% among never, 4.4% among current- and 6.5% among ex-smokers) reported current use of electronic cigarette, ranging from 0.6% in Spain to 7.2% in England. Of the 272 electronic cigarette users, 52.6% were dual users (i.e., users of both electronic and conventional cigarettes) and 58.8% used liquids with nicotine. In all, 65.1% reported using electronic cigarette in at least one indoor setting where smoking is forbidden, in particular in workplaces (34.9%), and bars and restaurants (41.5%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that electronic cigarette use was lower among older individuals (p for trend <0.001) and higher among individuals with high level of education (p for trend 0.040). Participants from countries with higher tobacco cigarette prices more frequently reported electronic cigarette use (odds ratio 3.62; 95% CI: 1.80-7.30). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the whole adult population of these 12 European countries, more than 8.3 million people use electronic cigarettes. The majority of users also smoked conventional cigarettes, used electronic cigarettes with nicotine and consumed electronic cigarettes in smoke-free indoor areas.
AU  - Gallus,S
AU  - Lugo,A
AU  - Stival,C
AU  - Cerrai,S
AU  - Clancy,L
AU  - Filippidis,FT
AU  - Gorini,G
AU  - Lopez,MJ
AU  - López-Nicolás,Á
AU  - Molinaro,S
AU  - Odone,A
AU  - Soriano,JB
AU  - Tigova,O
AU  - VAN,DEN Brandt PA
AU  - Vardavas,CI
AU  - Fernandez,E
AU  - TackSHS,Project Investigators
DO  - 10.2188/jea.JE20210329
EP  - 284
PY  - 2023///
SN  - 0917-5040
SP  - 276
TI  - Electronic cigarette use in 12 European countries. Results from the TackSHS survey
T2  - Journal of Epidemiology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20210329
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34776500
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/advpub/0/advpub_JE20210329/_article
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/95748
VL  - 33
ER  -

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