Publications
588 results found
Guhan A, Learmonth S, Moseley O, et al., 2013, DOMICILIARY CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PNEUMOTHORACES: OUR EXPERIENCE IN AYRSHIRE, PATIENT SATISFACTION AND HEALTH ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A171-A172, ISSN: 0040-6376
Sinharay R, Barratt B, Rocha JP, et al., 2013, AMBIENT EXPOSURE TO DIESEL TRAFFIC PARTICLES AND CARDIO-RESPIRATORY OUTCOMES IN HEALTHY AND IN COPD SUBJECTS: 'OXFORD STREET 2', Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A129-A130, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 2
Dezateux C, Brocklehurst P, Burgess S, et al., 2013, Life Study: a UK-wide birth cohort study of environment, development, health, and wellbeing, National Conference on Public Health Science - Dedicated to New Research in Public Health, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 31-31, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 2
Killett A, Burns D, Kelly F, 2013, A QUESTION OF UTILITY? RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN METHODS AND POLICY-MAKING IN OLDER PEOPLE RESEARCH, Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, Pages: 603-604, ISSN: 0016-9013
Beevers SD, Kitwiroon N, Williams ML, et al., 2013, Air pollution dispersion models for human exposure predictions in London, Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, Vol: 23, Pages: 647-653, ISSN: 1559-0631
Kurmi OP, Dunster C, Ayres JG, et al., 2013, Oxidative potential of smoke from burning wood and mixed biomass fuels, Free Radical Research, Vol: 47, Pages: 829-835, ISSN: 1071-5762
Anwer K, Kelly FJ, Chu C, et al., 2013, Phase I trial of a formulated IL-12 plasmid in combination with carboplatin and docetaxel chemotherapy in the treatment of platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, Gynecologic Oncology, Vol: 131, Pages: 169-173, ISSN: 0090-8258
Griffiths C, Mudway I, Wood H, et al., 2013, Impact of traffic-related pollution on respiratory function in children living in London's low emission zone: A sequential cross sectional study, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Dundas I, Marlin N, Jamaludin J, et al., 2013, Ethnic and nutritional determinants of respiratory function in East London children, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Jamaludin J, Marlin N, Wood H, et al., 2013, Evaluating the impact of genotype on the relationship between impaired lung growth and chronic exposure to traffic derived pollutants, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Koh LC, Kelly FJ, Griffiths C, et al., 2013, Telomere length and lung function in healthy children, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Vineis P, Kelly F, Phillips DH, et al., 2013, Epidemiological Approaches to the Exposome., 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS), Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: S14-S14, ISSN: 0893-6692
Mestas-Nunez AM, Kelly FJ, Bentamy A, et al., 2013, The ENSO footprint in monthly satellite evaporation over the global ocean during 19932007, REMOTE SENSING LETTERS, Vol: 4, Pages: 706-714, ISSN: 2150-704X
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- Citations: 3
Axe R, Middleditch A, Kelly F, et al., 2013, Barotrauma following attempted oxygenation via an airway exchange catheter, Annual Meeting of the Difficult-Airway-Society, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 657-657, ISSN: 0003-2409
Strak M, Hoek G, Steenhof M, et al., 2013, Components of ambient air pollution affect thrombin generation in healthy humans: the RAPTES project, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol: 70, Pages: 332-340, ISSN: 1351-0711
Steenhof M, Mudway IS, Gosens I, et al., 2013, Acute nasal pro-inflammatory response to air pollution depends on characteristics other than particle mass concentration or oxidative potential: the RAPTES project, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol: 70, Pages: 341-348, ISSN: 1351-0711
Strak M, Hoek G, Godri KJ, et al., 2013, Composition of PM Affects Acute Vascular Inflammatory and Coagulative Markers - The RAPTES Project, PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e58944-e58944
Pfeffer PE, Kelly FJ, Hawrylowicz CM, 2013, Vitamin D treatment reduces inflammatory cytokine secretion by pollution-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells, Spring Meeting for Clinician Scientists in Training, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 87-87, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 3
Strak M, Janssen NAH, Gosens I, et al., 2013, Airborne Particulate Matter and Acute Lung Inflammation: Strak et al. Respond, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol: 121, ISSN: 0091-6765
Cassee FR, Heroux ME, Gerlofs-Nijland ME, et al., 2013, Particulate matter beyond mass: recent health evidence on the role of fractions, chemical constituents and sources of emission, Inhal Toxicol, Vol: 25, Pages: 802-812, ISSN: 1091-7691
Particulate matter (PM) is regulated in various parts of the world based on specific size cut offs, often expressed as 10 or 2.5 microm mass median aerodynamic diameter. This pollutant is deemed one of the most dangerous to health and moreover, problems persist with high ambient concentrations. Continuing pressure to re-evaluate ambient air quality standards stems from research that not only has identified effects at low levels of PM but which also has revealed that reductions in certain components, sources and size fractions may best protect public health. Considerable amount of published information have emerged from toxicological research in recent years. Accumulating evidence has identified additional air quality metrics (e.g. black carbon, secondary organic and inorganic aerosols) that may be valuable in evaluating the health risks of, for example, primary combustion particles from traffic emissions, which are not fully taken into account with PM2.5 mass. Most of the evidence accumulated so far is for an adverse effect on health of carbonaceous material from traffic. Traffic-generated dust, including road, brake and tire wear, also contribute to the adverse effects on health. Exposure durations from a few minutes up to a year have been linked with adverse effects. The new evidence collected supports the scientific conclusions of the World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines and also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the global burden of disease associated with air pollution.
Horwell CJ, Baxter PJ, Hillman SE, et al., 2013, Physicochemical and toxicological profiling of ash from the 2010 and 2011 eruptions of Eyjafjallajokull and Grimsvotn volcanoes, Iceland using a rapid respiratory hazard assessment protocol, Environ Res, Vol: 127, Pages: 63-73, ISSN: 1096-0953
The six week eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano in 2010 produced heavy ash fall in a sparsely populated area of southern and south eastern Iceland and disrupted European commercial flights for at least 6 days. We adopted a protocol for the rapid analysis of volcanic ash particles, for the purpose of informing respiratory health risk assessments. Ash collected from deposits underwent a multi-laboratory physicochemical and toxicological investigation of their mineralogical parameters associated with bio-reactivity, and selected in vitro toxicology assays related to pulmonary inflammatory responses. Ash from the eruption of Grimsvotn, Iceland, in 2011 was also studied. The results were benchmarked against ash from Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, which has been extensively studied since the onset of eruptive activity in 1995. For Eyjafjallajokull, the grain size distributions were variable: 2-13 vol% of the bulk samples were <4 microm, with the most explosive phases of the eruption generating abundant respirable particulate matter. In contrast, the Grimsvotn ash was almost uniformly coarse (<3.5 vol%<4 microm material). Surface area ranged from 0.3 to 7.7 m2 g(-1) for Eyjafjallajokull but was very low for Grimsvotn (<0.6 m2 g(-1)). There were few fibre-like particles (which were unrelated to asbestos) and the crystalline silica content was negligible in both eruptions, whereas Soufriere Hills ash was cristobalite-rich with a known potential to cause silicosis. All samples displayed a low ability to deplete lung antioxidant defences, showed little haemolysis and low acute cytotoxicity in human alveolar type-1 like epithelial cells (TT1). However, cell-free tests showed substantial hydroxyl radical generation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide for Grimsvotn samples, as expected for basaltic, Fe-rich ash. Cellular mediators MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-8 showed chronic pro-inflammatory responses in Eyjafjallajokull, Grimsvotn and Soufriere Hills samples, despit
Kelly FJ, Fussell JC, 2012, Size, source and chemical composition as determinants of toxicity attributable to ambient particulate matter, Atmospheric Environment, Vol: 60, Pages: 504-526, ISSN: 1352-2310
Particulate matter (PM) is a complex, heterogeneous mixture that changes in time and space. It encompasses many different chemical components and physical characteristics, many of which have been cited as potential contributors to toxicity. Each component has multiple sources, and each source generates multiple components. Identifying and quantifying the influences of specific components or source-related mixtures on measures of health-related impacts, especially when particles interact with other co-pollutants, therefore represents one of the most challenging areas of environmental health research. Current knowledge does not allow precise quantification or definitive ranking of the health effects of PM emissions from different sources or of individual PM components and indeed, associations may be the result of multiple components acting on different physiological mechanisms. Some results do suggest a degree of differential toxicity, namely more consistent associations with traffic-related PM emissions, fine and ultrafine particles, specific metals and elemental carbon and a range of serious health effects, including increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory conditions. A carefully targeted programme of contemporary toxicological and epidemiological research, incorporating more refined approaches (e.g. greater speciation data, more refined modelling techniques, accurate exposure assessment and better definition of individual susceptibility) and optimal collaboration amongst multidisciplinary teams, is now needed to advance our understanding of the relative toxicity of particles from various sources, especially the components and reactions products of traffic. This will facilitate targeted abatement policies, more effective pollution control measures and ultimately, a reduction in the burden of disease attributable to ambient PM pollution.
Brugha R, Nwokoro C, Haysom A, et al., 2012, Individual exposure of urban children to black carbon, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Jamaludin J, Kelly FJ, Griffiths C, et al., 2012, Neither acute nor chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide is assocaited with altered lung function in children living in inner London, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: S230-S231, ISSN: 0891-5849
Yanosky JD, Tonne CC, Beevers SD, et al., 2012, Modeling Exposures to the Oxidative Potential of PM<sub>10</sub>, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol: 46, Pages: 7612-7620, ISSN: 0013-936X
van Erp AM, Kelly FJ, Demerjian KL, et al., 2012, Progress in research to assess the effectiveness of air quality interventions towards improving public health, AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH, Vol: 5, Pages: 217-230, ISSN: 1873-9318
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- Citations: 32
Tonne C, Yanosky JD, Beevers S, et al., 2012, PM Mass Concentration and PM Oxidative Potential in Relation to Carotid Intima-media Thickness, Epidemiology, Vol: 23, Pages: 486-494, ISSN: 1044-3983
Richter HG, Camm EJ, Modi BN, et al., 2012, Ascorbate prevents placental oxidative stress and enhances birth weight in hypoxic pregnancy in rats, The Journal of Physiology, Vol: 590, Pages: 1377-1387, ISSN: 0022-3751
<jats:title>Key points </jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type="explicit-label"><jats:list-item><jats:p>High‐altitude pregnancy is associated with reduced oxygenation and placental complications, which can affect maternal and fetal outcome. However, most high‐altitude populations are also impoverished and because maternal undernutrition itself is known to promote placental problems, the extent to which complications during high‐altitude pregnancy could be due to maternal oxygen and/or nutrient restriction remains unclear.</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate whether reduced placental oxygenation, independent of maternal undernutrition, increases maternal and placental oxidative stress and whether maternal treatment with vitamin C is protective.</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>The study shows that hypoxic pregnancy increased maternal circulating and placental molecular indices of oxidative stress.</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Maternal vitamin C treatment was protective and increased birth weight.</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>The study offers insight to mechanism and intervention against the effects of high altitude on pregnancy.</jats:p></jats:list-item></jats:list></jats:p>
Frew AJ, Salvi S, Holgate ST, et al., 2012, How concentrations of diesel exhaust induce a neutrophilic response and upregulate IL-8 mRNA in healthy subjects but not in asthmatic volunteers, 23rd Symposium of the Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA 2000), Publisher: KARGER, Pages: 324-325, ISSN: 1018-2438
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- Citations: 1
KELLY FJ, FULLER GW, WALTON HA, et al., 2012, Monitoring air pollution: Use of early warning systems for public health, Respirology, Vol: 17, Pages: 7-19, ISSN: 1323-7799
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Research confirming the detrimental impact poor ambient air quality and episodes of abnormally high pollutants has on public health, plus differential susceptibility, calls for improved understanding of this complex topic among all walks of society. The public and particularly, vulnerable groups, should be aware of their quality of air, enabling action to be taken in the event of increased pollution. Policy makers must have a sound awareness of current air quality and future trends, to identify issues, guide policies and monitor their effectiveness. These attitudes are dependent upon air pollution monitoring, forecasting and reporting, serving all interested parties. Apart from the underlying national regulatory obligation a country has in reporting air quality information, data output serves several purposes. This review focuses on provision of real‐time data and advanced warnings of potentially health‐damaging events, in the form of national air quality indices and proactive alert services. Some of the challenges associated with designing these systems include technical issues associated with the complexity of air pollution and its science. These include inability to provide precise exposure concentrations or guidance on long‐term/cumulative exposures or effects from pollutant combinations. Other issues relate to the degree to which people are aware and positively respond to these services. Looking to the future, mobile devices such as cellular phones, equipped with sensing applications have potential to provide dynamic, temporally and spatially precise exposure measures for the mass population. The ultimate aim should be to empower people to modify behaviour—for example, when to increase medication, the route/mode of transport taken to school or work or the appropriate time to pursue outdoor activities—in a way that protects their health as well as the quality of the air they breathe.</jats
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