Publications
7 results found
Xie Z, Jang I, Ouyang M, et al., 2023, High performance composite Pr4Ni3O10±δ-Ce0.75Gd0.1Pr0.15O2−δ solid oxide cell air electrode, JPhys Energy, Vol: 5, Pages: 1-16, ISSN: 2515-7655
A composite electrode composed of Pr4Ni3O10±δ - Ce0.75Gd0.1Pr0.15O2−δ (50 wt. % - 50 wt. %) was thoroughly investigated in terms of the electrochemical performance as a function of microstructure. The electrochemical performance was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the microstructures, characterized by focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy and 3D reconstructions, were modified by changing the particle size of Pr4Ni3O10±δ and the electrode thickness. The distribution of relaxation time (DRT) method was applied to help resolve electrochemical processes occurring in the electrodes. It was found that an appropriate increase in electrode thickness and an appropriate decrease in particle size enhanced the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics. The
lowest area specific resistance obtained in this study at 670 °C under pO2 of 0.21 atm was 0.055 Ω cm2. Finally, a comparison to the Adler Lane Steele (ALS) model was made and the main active site for the oxygen reduction reaction was concluded to be triple phase boundaries. A fuel cell made of the composite material as the cathode was fabricated and tested. The peak power density was 1
Wcm−2 at 800 °C, which demonstrates this composite material is promising for SOFC cathodes.
Jang I, Kwon J, Kim C, et al., 2023, Boosted Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity by Ordering Cations in the A-Site of a Perovskite Catalyst, ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING, Vol: 11, Pages: 4623-4632, ISSN: 2168-0485
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Kim S, Lee H, Kim C, et al., 2022, Interface-reinforcing sintering step for highly stable operation of proton-conducting fuel cell stack, JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, Vol: 548, ISSN: 0378-7753
Farandos NM, Jang I, Alexander JC, et al., 2022, 3-D inkjet printed solid oxide electrochemical reactors III. cylindrical pillared electrode microstructures, Electrochimica Acta, Vol: 426, Pages: 1-10, ISSN: 0013-4686
Inkjet printing is a scalable technique that can fabricate customised three-dimensional microstructures, reproducibly, accurately, and with high material utilisation, by printing multiple layers sequentially onto previously printed layers, to produce architectures tailored in this case to electrochemical reactors.Printable yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) and lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM) inks were formulated to enable fabrication of solid oxide electrochemical reactors (SOERs): H2O-H2 | Ni(O)-YSZ | YSZ | YSZ pillars | LSM | O2. Of the geometries studied, equi-sized, hexagonally-arranged cylindrical pillars were predicted to produce the largest ratio of interfacial to geometric (cross-sectional) areas. However, this neglects effects of potential and current density distributions that constrain up-scaling to more modest factors. Hence, using kinetic parameter values from the literature, finite element computational simulations of the pillared SOER in (H2 - O2) fuel cell mode predicted peak power densities of 0.11 W cm−2 at 800 °C, whereas its counterpart with only a planar electrolyte layer produced only 0.05 W cm−2; i.e. the pillars were predicted to enhance peak power densities by ca. 2.3.Arrays of several thousand YSZ cylindrical pillars were printed, with post-sintering diameter, height, and spacing of 25, 95 and 63 μm, respectively. LSM was inkjet-printed onto the pillars, and sintered subsequently, to produce contiguous films ca. 4 μm thick. In (H2 - O2) fuel cell mode at 725, 770, and 795 °C, these reactors produced peak power densities of 0.09, 0.21, 0.30 W cm−2, respectively, 3–6 times greater than the performance of ‘benchmark’ Ni(O)-YSZ | YSZ | LSM reactors inkjet-printed with planar cathodes operating under the same conditions, thereby demonstrating the benefit of inkjet printing as a fabrication technique for SOERs.
Jang I, Alexander JC, Farandos NM, et al., 2022, Predicting optimal geometries of 3D-printed solid oxide electrochemical reactors, Electrochimica Acta, Vol: 427, Pages: 1-12, ISSN: 0013-4686
Solid oxide electrochemical reactors (SOERs) may be operated in fuel cell (SOFC) or electrolyser (SOE) modes, at temperatures > 800 K, depending on electrolyte and electrode materials. In electrolyser mode, current densities of ≥ ca. 104 A m−2 are achievable at potential differences ideally at the thermoneutral values of 1.285 V for steam splitting or 1.46 V for CO2 splitting at 750 °C. As for large scale chemical processes in general, such reactors are required to be energy efficient, economic, of scalable design and fabrication, and durable ideally over ≥ ca. 10 years.Increasing densities of electrode | electrolyte interfacial areas (and electrode | electrolyte | pore triple phase boundaries) of solid oxide fuel cells or electrolysers offers one means of increasing performance, reproducibility, durability and potentially decreasing cost. Three-dimensional structuring of those interfaces can be achieved by 3D printing, but modelling is required to optimise geometries. Using kinetic parameter values from the literature, COMSOL Multiphysics® finite element software was used to predict effects of 3D geometries, increasing interfacial to geometric area ratios, on SOER performances for YSZ ((ZrO2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08) oxide ion conducting electrolyte and Ni-YSZ electrode based cells, relative to corresponding planar structures with < 10 μm thick planar YSZ electrolyte. For the negative electrode, electrolyte and electrode layers were inkjet printed on Ni(O)-YSZ substrate precursors, then sintered. For the positive electrode, porous lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM: La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ) was brush-coated over the (gas-tight) YSZ, then sintered to produce complete SOERs: H2O-H2 | Ni(O)-YSZ | YSZ-YSZ pillars | YSZ-LSM | LSM | O2.Results are reported showing that, in the case of solid YSZ pillars, despite interfacial electrode | electrolyte areas being up scaled by factors of 10–150 depending on height (10–150 μm), current densities
Kawale SS, Jang I, Farandos NM, et al., 2022, Inkjet 3D-printing of functional layers of solid oxide electrochemical reactors: a review, Reaction Chemistry and Engineering, Vol: 7, ISSN: 2058-9883
The review paper overviews principles of inkjet printing and ink formulation, subsequently a literature summary on inkjet-printed solid oxide electrochemical reactors printed with 2D and 3D structures, followed by challenges limiting the technique.
Jang I, Kelsall GH, 2022, Fabrication of 3D NiO-YSZ structures for enhanced performance of solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysers, Electrochemistry Communications, Vol: 137, Pages: 107260-107260, ISSN: 1388-2481
Increasing densities of (electrode–electrolyte-pore) triple phase boundaries (TPBs) / reaction sites enhance performances of solid oxide electrochemical reactors (SOERs) in both fuel cell (SOFC) and electrolyser (SOE) modes. Inkjet 3D printing is capable of construction of ceramic microstructures on support layers, enabling fabrication of SOERs with enhanced active area to geometric area ratios, thereby up-scaling effective areas / TBP lengths per unit volume.A Ni(O)-YSZ functional layer was designed and 3D inkjet printed with a surface of circular pillars, a facile geometry for printing that increased the interfacial to geometric area ratio. Deposition of further functional layers and sintering resulted in fully fabricated reactors with structures: H2O-H2 | Ni(O)-YSZ support | Ni(O)-YSZ pillars | YSZ | YSZ-LSM | O2, Air. The corresponding planar structured cell also was fabricated with the same components, for comparison of its electrochemical performance with that of the pillar-structured cell. The latter exhibited performance enhancement over its planar counterpart by factors of ca. 1.5 in fuel cell mode, ca. 3 in steam electrolysis mode, and ca. 4–5 in CO2 electrolysis mode, thereby demonstrating the potential of geometric structuring of electrode | electrolyte interfaces by 3D printing for developing higher performance SOERs.
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