Publications
341 results found
Perkins GD, Gräsner JT, Semeraro F, et al., 2021, Executive summary: European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021, Notfall und Rettungsmedizin, Vol: 24, Pages: 274-345, ISSN: 1434-6222
Informed by a series of systematic reviews, scoping reviews and evidence updates from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, the 2021 European Resuscitation Council Guidelines present the most up to date evidence-based guidelines for the practice of resuscitation across Europe. The guidelines cover the epidemiology of cardiac arrest; the role that systems play in saving lives, adult basic life support, adult advanced life support, resuscitation in special circumstances, post resuscitation care, first aid, neonatal life support, paediatric life support, ethics and education.
Ong GY-K, Ang AJF, Aurangzeb ASO, et al., 2021, What is the potential for over-compression using current paediatric chest compression guidelines? - A chest computed tomography study, RESUSCITATION PLUS, Vol: 6, ISSN: 2666-5204
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- Citations: 3
Kool M, Atkins DL, Van de Voorde P, et al., 2021, Focused echocardiography, end-tidal carbon dioxide, arterial blood pressure or near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring during paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A scoping review, RESUSCITATION PLUS, Vol: 6, ISSN: 2666-5204
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- Citations: 5
Van de Voorde P, Turner NM, Djakow J, et al., 2021, Paediatric Life Support European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021, NOTFALL & RETTUNGSMEDIZIN, Vol: 24, Pages: 650-719, ISSN: 1434-6222
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- Citations: 11
Li E, Dewez JE, Luu Q, et al., 2021, Role of point-of-care tests in the management of febrile children: a qualitative study of hospital-based doctors and nurses in England, BMJ Open, Vol: 11, ISSN: 2044-6055
Objectives The use of rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) has been advocated for improving patient management and outcomes and for optimising antibiotic prescribing. However, few studies have explored healthcare workers’ views about their use in febrile children. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of hospital-based doctors and nurses regarding the use of POCTs in England.Study design Qualitative in-depth interviews with purposively selected hospital doctors and nurses. Data were analysed thematically.Setting Two university teaching hospitals in London and Newcastle.Participants 24 participants (paediatricians, emergency department doctors, trainee paediatricians and nurses).Results There were diverse views about the use of POCTs in febrile children. The reported advantages included their ease of use and the rapid availability of results. They were seen to contribute to faster clinical decision-making; the targeting of antibiotic use; improvements in patient care, flow and monitoring; cohorting (ie, the physical clustering of hospitalised patients with the same infection to limit spread) and enhancing communication with parents. These advantages were less evident when the turnaround for results of laboratory tests was 1–2 hours. Factors such as clinical experience and specialty, as well as the availability of guidelines recommending POCT use, were also perceived as influential. However, in addition to their perceived inaccuracy, participants were concerned about POCTs not resolving diagnostic uncertainty or altering clinical management, leading to a commonly expressed preference for relying on clinical skills rather than test results solely.Conclusion In this study conducted at two university teaching hospitals in England, participants expressed mixed opinions about the utility of current POCTs in the management of febrile children. Understanding the current clinical decision-making process and the specific needs and preferences of clinici
Honeyford K, Coughlan C, Nijman R, et al., 2021, Changes in emergency department activity and the first COVID-19 lockdown; a cross sectional study, Western Journal of Emergency Medicine : Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health, Vol: 22, Pages: 603-607, ISSN: 1936-900X
BackgroundEmergency Department (ED) attendances fell across the UK after the ‘lockdown’ introduced on 23rd March 2020 to limit the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesised that reductions would vary by patient age and disease type. We examined pre- and in-lockdown ED attendances for two COVID-19 unrelated diagnoses; one likely to be affected by lockdown measures (gastroenteritis) and one likely to be unaffected (appendicitis). MethodsRetrospective cross-sectional study conducted across two EDs in one London hospital Trust. We compared all adult and paediatric ED attendances, before (January 2020) and during lockdown (March/April 2020). Key patient demographics, method of arrival and discharge location were compared. We used SNOMED codes to define attendances for gastroenteritis and appendicitis. ResultsED attendances fell from 1129 per day before lockdown to 584 in-lockdown; 51.7% of pre-lockdown rates. In-lockdown attendances were lowest for under-18s (16.0% of pre-lockdown). The proportion of patients admitted to hospital increased from 17.3% to 24.0% and the proportion admitted to intensive care increased four-fold. Attendances for gastroenteritis fell from 511 to 103; 20.2% of pre-lockdown rates. Attendances for appendicitis also decreased, from 144 to 41; 28.5% of pre-lockdown rates.ConclusionED attendances fell substantially following lockdown implementation. The biggest reduction was for under-18s. We observed reductions in attendances for gastroenteritis and appendicitis. This may reflect lower rates of infectious disease transmission, though the fall in appendicitis-related attendances suggests that behavioural factors are also important. Larger studies are urgently needed to understand changing patterns of ED use and access to emergency care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Borensztajn D, Zachariasse JM, Greber-Platzer S, et al., 2021, Shortness of breath in children at the emergency department: Variability in management in Europe, PLOS ONE, Vol: 16, ISSN: 1932-6203
Perkins GD, Gräsner J-T, Semeraro F, et al., 2021, Corrigendum to "European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary" [Resuscitation (2021) 1-60]., Resuscitation, Vol: 163, Pages: 97-98
Hagedoorn N, Wagenaar J, Nieboer D, et al., 2021, Impact of a clinical decision rule on antibiotic prescription for children with suspected lower respiratory tract infections presenting to European emergency departments: a simulation study based on routine data, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol: 76, Pages: 1349-1357, ISSN: 0305-7453
Background: Discriminating viral from bacterial lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children is challenging thus commonly resulting in antibiotic overuse. The Feverkidstool, a validated clinical decision rule including clinical symptoms and C-reactive protein, safely reduced antibiotic use in children at low/intermediate risk for bacterial LRTIs in a multicentre trial at emergency departments (EDs) in the Netherlands.Objectives: Using routine data from an observational study, we simulated the impact of the Feverkidstool on antibiotic prescriptions compared with observed antibiotic prescriptions in children with suspected LRTIs at 12 EDs in eight European countries.Methods: We selected febrile children aged 1 month to 5 years with respiratory symptoms and excluded upper respiratory tract infections. Using the Feverkidstool, we calculated individual risks for bacterial LRTI retrospectively. We simulated antibiotic prescription rates under different scenarios: (1) applying effect estimates on antibiotic prescription from the trial; and (2) varying both usage (50%–100%) and compliance (70%–100%) with the Feverkidstool’s advice to withhold antibiotics in children at low/intermediate risk for bacterial LRTI (≤10%).Results: Of 4938 children, 4209 (85.2%) were at low/intermediate risk for bacterial LRTI. Applying effect estimates from the trial, the Feverkidstool reduced antibiotic prescription from 33.5% to 24.1% [pooled risk difference: 9.4% (95% CI: 5.7%–13.1%)]. Simulating 50%–100% usage with 90% compliance resulted in risk differences ranging from 8.3% to 15.8%. Our simulations suggest that antibiotic prescriptions would be reduced in EDs with high baseline antibiotic prescription rates or predominantly (>85%) low/intermediate-risk children.Conclusions: Implementation of the Feverkidstool could reduce antibiotic prescriptions in children with suspected LRTIs in European EDs.
Topjian AA, Scholefield BR, Pinto NP, et al., 2021, P-COSCA (Pediatric Core Outcome Set for Cardiac Arrest) in Children: An Advisory Statement From the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation., Resuscitation, Vol: 162, Pages: 351-364
Studies of pediatric cardiac arrest use inconsistent outcomes, including return of spontaneous circulation and short-term survival, and basic assessments of functional and neurological status. In 2018, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation sponsored the COSCA initiative (Core Outcome Set After Cardiac Arrest) to improve consistency in reported outcomes of clinical trials of adult cardiac arrest survivors and supported this P-COSCA initiative (Pediatric COSCA). The P-COSCA Steering Committee generated a list of potential survival, life impact, and economic impact outcomes and assessment time points that were prioritized by a multidisciplinary group of healthcare providers, researchers, and parents/caregivers of children who survived cardiac arrest. Then expert panel discussions achieved consensus on the core outcomes, the methods to measure those core outcomes, and the timing of the measurements. The P-COSCA includes assessment of survival, brain function, cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills. Survival and brain function are assessed at discharge or 30 days (or both if possible) and between 6 and 12 months after arrest. Cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills are assessed between 6 and 12 months after cardiac arrest. Because many children have prearrest comorbidities, the P-COSCA also includes documentation of baseline (ie, prearrest) brain function and calculation of changes after cardiac arrest. Supplementary outcomes of survival, brain function, cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills are assessed at 3 months and beyond 1 year after cardiac arrest if resources are available.
Dainty KN, Atkins DL, Breckwoldt J, et al., 2021, Family presence during resuscitation in paediatric and neonatal cardiac arrest: A systematic review., Resuscitation, Vol: 162, Pages: 20-34
CONTEXT: Parent/family presence at pediatric resuscitations has been slow to become consistent practice in hospital settings and has not been universally implemented. A systematic review of the literature on family presence during pediatric and neonatal resuscitation has not been previously conducted. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the published evidence related to family presence during pediatric and neonatal resuscitation. DATA SOURCES: Six major bibliographic databases was undertaken with defined search terms and including literature up to June 14, 2020. STUDY SELECTION: 3200 titles were retrieved in the initial search; 36 ultimately included for review. DATA EXTRACTION: Data was double extracted independently by two reviewers and confirmed with the review team. All eligible studies were either survey or interview-based and as such we turned to narrative systematic review methodology. RESULTS: The authors identified two key sets of findings: first, parents/family members want to be offered the option to be present for their child's resuscitation. Secondly, health care provider attitudes varied widely (ranging from 15% to >85%), however, support for family presence increased with previous experience and level of seniority. LIMITATIONS: English language only; lack of randomized control trials; quality of the publications. CONCLUSIONS: Parents wish to be offered the opportunity to be present but opinions and perspectives on the family presence vary greatly among health care providers. This topic urgently needs high quality, comparative research to measure the actual impact of family presence on patient, family and staff outcomes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020140363.
Charlton NP, Goolsby CA, Zideman DA, et al., 2021, Appropriate Tourniquet Types in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review, CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, Vol: 13
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- Citations: 5
Van de Voorde P, Turner NM, Djakow J, et al., 2021, European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Paediatric Life Support, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 161, Pages: 327-387, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 136
Ohshimo S, Wang C-H, Couto TB, et al., 2021, Pediatric timing of epinephrine doses: A systematic review, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 160, Pages: 106-117, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 4
Honeyford C, Costelloe C, Expert P, et al., 2021, Changes in Emergency Department attendances before and after COVID-19 lockdown implementation: a cross sectional study of one urban NHS Hospital Trust, Western Journal of Emergency Medicine : Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health, ISSN: 1936-900X
Zachariasse J, Maconochie I, Nijman R, et al., 2021, Improving the prioritization of children at the emergency department: updating the Manchester Triage System using vital signs, PLoS One, Vol: 16, ISSN: 1932-6203
Background:Vital signs are used in emergency care settings in the first assessment of children to identify those that need immediate attention. We aimed to develop and validate vital sign based Manchester Triage System (MTS) discriminators to improve triage of children at the emergency department.Methods and findings:The TrIAGE project is a prospective observational study based on electronic health record data from five European EDs (Netherlands (n = 2), United Kingdom, Austria, and Portugal). In the current study, we included 117,438 consecutive children <16 years presenting to the ED during the study period (2012–2015). We derived new discriminators based on heart rate, respiratory rate, and/or capillary refill time for specific subgroups of MTS flowcharts. Moreover, we determined the optimal cut-off value for each vital sign. The main outcome measure was a previously developed 3-category reference standard (high, intermediate, low urgency) for the required urgency of care, based on mortality at the ED, immediate lifesaving interventions, disposition and resource use. We determined six new discriminators for children <1 year and ≥1 year: “Very abnormal respiratory rate”, “Abnormal heart rate”, and “Abnormal respiratory rate”, with optimal cut-offs, and specific subgroups of flowcharts. Application of the modified MTS reclassified 744 patients (2.5%). Sensitivity increased from 0.66 (95%CI 0.60–0.72) to 0.71 (0.66–0.75) for high urgency patients and from 0.67 (0.54–0.76) to 0.70 (0.58–0.80) for high and intermediate urgency patients. Specificity decreased from 0.90 (0.86–0.93) to 0.89 (0.85–0.92) for high and 0.66 (0.52–0.78) to 0.63 (0.50–0.75) for high and intermediate urgency patients. These differences were statistically significant. Overall performance improved (R2 0.199 versus 0.204).Conclusions:Six new discriminators based on vital signs lead to a small but rel
Drennan IR, Geri G, Brooks S, et al., 2021, Diagnosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by emergency medical dispatch: A diagnostic systematic review., Resuscitation, Vol: 159, Pages: 85-96
INTRODUCTION: Cardiac arrest is a time-sensitive condition requiring urgent intervention. Prompt and accurate recognition of cardiac arrest by emergency medical dispatchers at the time of the emergency call is a critical early step in cardiac arrest management allowing for initiation of dispatcher-assisted bystander CPR and appropriate and timely emergency response. The overall accuracy of dispatchers in recognizing cardiac arrest is not known. It is also not known if there are specific call characteristics that impact the ability to recognize cardiac arrest. METHODS: We performed a systematic review to examine dispatcher recognition of cardiac arrest as well as to identify call characteristics that may affect their ability to recognize cardiac arrest at the time of emergency call. We searched electronic databases for terms related to "emergency medical dispatcher", "cardiac arrest", and "diagnosis", among others, with a focus on studies that allowed for calculating diagnostic test characteristics (e.g. sensitivity and specificity). The review was consistent with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method for evidence evaluation. RESULTS: We screened 2520 article titles, resulting in 47 studies included in this review. There was significant heterogeneity between studies with a high risk of bias in 18 of the 47 which precluded performing meta-analyses. The reported sensitivities for cardiac arrest recognition ranged from 0.46 to 0.98 whereas specificities ranged from 0.32 to 1.00. There were no obvious differences in diagnostic accuracy between different dispatching criteria/algorithms or with the level of education of dispatchers. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity and specificity of cardiac arrest recognition at the time of emergency call varied across dispatch centres and did not appear to differ by dispatch algorithm/criteria used or education of the dispatcher, although comparisons were hampered by he
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Lee E, et al., 2021, Post-exertion oxygen saturation as a prognostic factor for adverse outcome in patients attending the emergency department with suspected COVID-19: a substudy of the PRIEST observational cohort study, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 38, Pages: 88-93, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 11
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Sutton L, et al., 2021, Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study, PLOS ONE, Vol: 16, ISSN: 1932-6203
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- Citations: 43
Borensztajn D, Hagedoorn N, Rivero Calle I, et al., 2021, Variation in hospital admission in febrile children evaluated at the Emergency Department (ED) in Europe: PERFORM, a multicentre prospective observational study, PLoS One, Vol: 16, ISSN: 1932-6203
ObjectivesHospitalisation is frequently used as a marker of disease severity in observational Emergency Department (ED) studies. The comparison of ED admission rates is complex in potentially being influenced by the characteristics of the region, ED, physician and patient. We aimed to study variation in ED admission rates of febrile children, to assess whether variation could be explained by disease severity and to identify patient groups with large variation, in order to use this to reduce unnecessary health care utilization that is often due to practice variation.DesignMOFICHE (Management and Outcome of Fever in children in Europe, part of the PERFORM study, www.perform2020.org), is a prospective cohort study using routinely collected data on febrile children regarding patient characteristics (age, referral, vital signs and clinical alarming signs), diagnostic tests, therapy, diagnosis and hospital admission.Setting and participantsData were collected on febrile children aged 0–18 years presenting to 12 European EDs (2017–2018).Main outcome measuresWe compared admission rates between EDs by using standardised admission rates after adjusting for patient characteristics and initiated tests at the ED, where standardised rates >1 demonstrate higher admission rates than expected and rates <1 indicate lower rates than expected based on the ED patient population.ResultsWe included 38,120 children. Of those, 9.695 (25.4%) were admitted to a general ward (range EDs 5.1–54.5%). Adjusted standardised admission rates ranged between 0.6 and 1.5. The largest variation was seen in short admission rates (0.1–5.0), PICU admission rates (0.2–2.2), upper respiratory tract infections (0.4–1.7) and fever without focus (0.5–2.7). Variation was small in sepsis/meningitis (0.9–1.1).ConclusionsLarge variation exists in admission rates of febrile children evaluated at European EDs, however, this variation is largely reduced after correc
Chang SSY, Lim AZ, Ong GY-K, et al., 2021, Predictors of serious bacterial infections using serum biomarkers in an infant population aged 0 to 90 days: a prospective cohort study, BMJ PAEDIATRICS OPEN, Vol: 5
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- Citations: 4
Maconochie IK, Aickin R, Hazinski MF, et al., 2021, Pediatric Life Support 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations., Pediatrics, Vol: 147
This 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) for pediatric life support is based on the most extensive evidence evaluation ever performed by the Pediatric Life Support Task Force. Three types of evidence evaluation were used in this review: systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and evidence updates. Per agreement with the evidence evaluation recommendations of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, only systematic reviews could result in a new or revised treatment recommendation.Systematic reviews performed for this 2020 CoSTR for pediatric life support included the topics of sequencing of airway-breaths-compressions versus compressions-airway-breaths in the delivery of pediatric basic life support, the initial timing and dose intervals for epinephrine administration during resuscitation, and the targets for oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in pediatric patients after return of spontaneous circulation. The most controversial topics included the initial timing and dose intervals of epinephrine administration (new treatment recommendations were made) and the administration of fluid for infants and children with septic shock (this latter topic was evaluated by evidence update). All evidence reviews identified the paucity of pediatric data and the need for more research involving resuscitation of infants and children.
Bressan S, Buonsenso D, Farrugia R, et al., 2020, Preparedness and response to Pediatric CoVID-19 in European Emergency Departments: a survey of the REPEM and PERUKI networks, Annals of Emergency Medicine, Vol: 76, Pages: 788-800, ISSN: 0196-0644
Study objectiveWe aimed to describe the variability and identify gaps in preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic in European EDs caring for children.MethodsA cross-sectional point prevalence survey, was developed and disseminated through the pediatric emergency medicine research networks for Europe (REPEM) and the United Kingdom and Ireland (PERUKI). We aimed to include ten EDs for countries with > 20 million inhabitants and five EDs for less populated countries, unless the number of eligible EDs was below five. ED directors or their delegates completed the survey between March 20th and 21st to report practice at that time. We used descriptive statistics to analyse data.ResultsOverall 102 centers from 18 countries (86% response rate) completed the survey: 34% did not have an ED contingency plan for pandemics and 36% had never had simulations for such events. Wide variation on PPE items was shown for recommended PPE use at pre-triage and for patient assessment, with 62% of centers experiencing shortage in one or more PPE items, most frequently FFP2/N95 masks. Only 17% of EDs had negative pressure isolation rooms. COVID-19 positive ED staff was reported in 25% of centers.ConclusionWe found variation and identified gaps in preparedness and response to the COVID-19 epidemic across European referral EDs for children. A lack in early availability of a documented contingency plan, provision of simulation training, appropriate use of PPE, and appropriate isolation facilities emerged as gaps that should be optimized to improve preparedness and inform responses to future pandemics.
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Lee E, et al., 2020, Characterisation of 22445 patients attending UK emergency departments with suspected COVID-19 infection: Observational cohort study, PLOS ONE, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1932-6203
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- Citations: 18
Maconochie IK, Aickin R, Hazinski MF, et al., 2020, Pediatric Life Support 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 156, Pages: A120-A155, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 29
Morley PT, Atkins DL, Finn JC, et al., 2020, Evidence Evaluation Process and Management of Potential Conflicts of Interest 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 156, Pages: A23-A34, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 15
Nolan JP, Maconochie I, Soar J, et al., 2020, Executive Summary 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 156, Pages: A1-A22, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 27
Topjian AA, Scholefield BR, Pinto NP, et al., 2020, P-COSCA (Pediatric Core Outcome Set for Cardiac Arrest) in Children: An Advisory Statement From the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, CIRCULATION, Vol: 142, Pages: E246-E261, ISSN: 0009-7322
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- Citations: 26
Nolan JP, Maconochie I, Soar J, et al., 2020, Executive Summary 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, CIRCULATION, Vol: 142, Pages: S2-S27, ISSN: 0009-7322
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- Citations: 50
Morley PT, Atkins DL, Finn JC, et al., 2020, Evidence Evaluation Process and Management of Potential Conflicts of Interest 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, CIRCULATION, Vol: 142, Pages: S28-S40, ISSN: 0009-7322
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- Citations: 21
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