Publications
96 results found
Blanchard TC, Wolfe LS, Vlaev I, et al., 2014, Biases in preferences for sequences of outcomes in monkeys, COGNITION, Vol: 130, Pages: 289-299, ISSN: 0010-0277
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- Citations: 29
Story GW, Vlaev I, Seymour B, et al., 2014, Correction: Dread and the Disvalue of Future Pain., PLoS Comput Biol, Vol: 10
[This corrects the article on p. e1003335 in vol. 9.].
Vlaev I, Seymour B, Chater N, et al., 2014, Prices Need No Preferences: Social Trends Determine Decisions in Experimental Markets for Pain Relief, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, Vol: 33, Pages: 66-76, ISSN: 0278-6133
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- Citations: 5
Hsu A, Vlaev I, 2014, Monetary cost for time spent in everyday physical activities, Social Science & Medicine
King D, Jabbar A, Charani E, et al., 2014, Redesigning the 'choice architecture' of hospital prescription charts: a mixed methods study incorporating in situ simulation testing, BMJ OPEN, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2044-6055
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- Citations: 9
Blanchard T, Wolfe L, Vlaev I, et al., 2014, Biased preferences for sequences in monkeys, Cognition, Vol: 130, Pages: 289-299
Kulendran M, Vlaev I, Sugden C, et al., 2013, Inhibitory control and perception of the future health in obese adolescents and normal weight adolescents, National Conference on Public Health Science - Dedicated to New Research in Public Health, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 55-55, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 5
Story G, Vlaev I, Seymour B, et al., 2013, Dread and the disvalue of future pain, Plos Computational Biology, Vol: 9, ISSN: 1553-7358
Standard theories of decision-making involving delayed outcomes predict that people should defer a punishment, whilst advancing a reward. In some cases, such as pain, people seem to prefer to expedite punishment, implying that its anticipation carries a cost, often conceptualized as ‘dread’. Despite empirical support for the existence of dread, whether and how it depends on prospective delay is unknown. Furthermore, it is unclear whether dread represents a stable component of value, or is modulated by biases such as framing effects. Here, we examine choices made between different numbers of painful shocks to be delivered faithfully at different time points up to 15 minutes in the future, as well as choices between hypothetical painful dental appointments at time points of up to approximately eight months in the future, to test alternative models for how future pain is disvalued. We show that future pain initially becomes increasingly aversive with increasing delay, but does so at a decreasing rate. This is consistent with a value model in which moment-by-moment dread increases up to the time of expected pain, such that dread becomes equivalent to the discounted expectation of pain. For a minority of individuals pain has maximum negative value at intermediate delay, suggesting that the dread function may itself be prospectively discounted in time. Framing an outcome as relief reduces the overall preference to expedite pain, which can be parameterized by reducing the rate of the dread-discounting function. Our data support an account of disvaluation for primary punishments such as pain, which differs fundamentally from existing models applied to financial punishments, in which dread exerts a powerful but time-dependent influence over choice.
Birnbach DJ, King D, Vlaev I, et al., 2013, Impact of environmental olfactory cues on hand hygiene behaviour in a simulated hospital environment: a randomized study, JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION, Vol: 85, Pages: 79-81, ISSN: 0195-6701
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- Citations: 19
Jabbar Y, Majed A, Hsu A, et al., 2013, Decision-Making in Proximal Humeral Fractures, Shoulder and Elbow, Vol: 5, Pages: 78-83, ISSN: 1758-5732
The incidence of proximal humeral trauma continues to rise. Treatment of complex proximal humeral trauma remains challenging and controversial. So far, classification of humeral fractures is an unsatisfactory process. In this paper we explore how we make decisions in this unique setting and present early results of using Markov Chain Monte Carlo modeling to assess concepts in surgical pattern recognition.
Cohen D, Vlaev I, Darzi A, 2013, Behavioural simulations in health care policy: current uses and future developments, Journal of Health Services Research & Policy
King D, Ramirez-Cano D, Greaves F, et al., 2013, Twitter and the health reforms in the English National Health Service, Health Policy, Vol: 110, Pages: 291-297, ISSN: 0168-8510
Social media (for example Facebook and YouTube) uses online and mobile technologies to allow individuals to participate in, comment on and create user-generated content. Twitter is a widely used social media platform that lets users post short publicly available text-based messages called tweets that other users can respond to. Alongside traditional media outlets, Twitter has been a focus for discussions about the controversial and radical reforms to the National Health Service (NHS) in England that were recently passed into law by the current coalition Government. Looking at over 120,000 tweets made about the health reforms, we have investigated whether any insights can be obtained about the role of Twitter in informing, debating and influencing opinion in a specific area of health policy. In particular we have looked at how the sentiment of tweets changed with the passage of the Health and Social Care Bill through Parliament, and how this compared to conventional opinion polls taken over the same time period. We examine which users appeared to have the most influence in the ‘Twittersphere’ and suggest how a widely used metric of academic impact – the H-index – could be applied to measure context-dependent influence on Twitter.
City of London and Big Society Capital, 2013, Rationale for and Potential Impacts of a Tax Relief for Social Investment.
King D, Greaves F, Vlaev I, et al., 2013, Approaches Based On Behavioral Economics Could Help Nudge Patients And Providers Toward Lower Health Spending Growth, Health Affairs, Vol: 32, Pages: 661-668
Shone G, Elliott A, Vlaev I, 2013, The financial health of the UK: Improving our financial capability, Publisher: Money Advice Service UK
IpsosMORI, Elliott A, Vlaev I, 2013, Money Lives: the financial behaviour of the UK., Publisher: Money Advice Service UK
Kulendran M, Vlaev I, Sugden C, et al., 2013, Phenotyping weight loss management: Obese adolescents exhibit poor inhibitory control and discount the future more than normal weight adolescents., Lancet, Vol: forthcoming
Vlaev I, Elliott A, 2013, Financial well-being components, Social Indicators Research, Vol: forthcoming
Lee H, Vlaev I, King D, et al., 2013, Subjective well-being and the measurement of quality in healthcare, Social Science & Medicine, Vol: forthcoming
Kulendran M, Vlaev I, Sugden C, et al., 2013, Neuropsychological assessment as a predictor of weight loss in obese adolescents, International Journal of Obesity, Vol: forthcoming
Leary K, Fryer-Smith E, Vlaev I, 2013, The lived experience of financial capability, International Conference on Public Policy
Yongue G, Leff DR, James DRC, et al., 2012, Expertise related disparity in prefrontal cortical excitation associated with intra-operative decision making, Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Academic-and-Research-Surgery, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 39-39, ISSN: 0007-1323
Seymour B, Vlaev I, 2012, Can, and should, behavioural neuroscience influence public policy?, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Vol: 16, Pages: 449-551
Kulendran M, Sugden, Colin, et al., 2012, Change in impulsivity and subjective wellbeing in a residential camp for obese adolescent, Annual Scientific Meeting of the British Obesity & Metabolic Surgery Society, Pages: 12-12
Chater N, Vlaev I, 2012, Social projection without evidential reasoning, Psychological Inquiry, Vol: 23, Pages: 35-38
Kulendran M, Sugden C, Vlaev I, et al., 2012, Association between cognitive behavioural therapy and impulsivity in an adolescent obesity camp, Lancet, Vol: 380
Darzi A, Beales S, Hallsworth M, et al., 2012, The Five Bad Habits of Healthcare: How New Thinking about Behaviour Could Reduce Health Spending, Report for the World Economic Forum
Dolan P, Hallsworth M, Halpern D, et al., 2012, Influencing behaviour: the mindspace way, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol: 33, Pages: 264-277
Nicolle A, Klein-Flügge MC, Hunt MC, et al., 2012, An agent independent axis for executed and modelled choice in medial prefrontal cortex., Neuron, Vol: 75, Pages: 1114-1121
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