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@article{Wu:2017:10.1039/c7ta01781b,
author = {Wu, K-T and Tellez, H and Druce, J and Burriel, M and Yang, F and McComb, DW and Ishihara, T and Kilner, JA and Skinner, SJ},
doi = {10.1039/c7ta01781b},
journal = {JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A},
pages = {9003--9013},
title = {Surface chemistry and restructuring in thin-film Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n=1, 2 and 3) Ruddlesden-Popper oxides},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01781b},
volume = {5},
year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Understanding the surface chemistry and oxygen surface exchange activity in mixed conducting perovskite and related perovskite oxides is of great relevance in developing electrochemical devices. Mixed conducting Ruddlesden–Popper Lan+1NinO3n+1 phases (n = 1, 2 and 3) have been considered as promising electrodes for electrochemical energy conversion cells due to their layered structure allowing non-stoichiometric defect structures. This study focuses on a systematic investigation of the chemical composition of the outermost atomic surfaces of as-deposited and annealed epitaxial films of Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n = 1, 2 and 3). For both as-deposited and annealed films, the analysis of the outermost surface using low energy ion scattering shows preferential LaO-termination. The results also provide evidence of an associated Ni-enrichment below the outermost surface. These findings suggest significant atomic rearrangement occurs during deposition and subsequent annealing. To investigate the thermal stability of these films during deposition, further microstructural analysis was carried out by means of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, showing significant re-orientation of LaO layers after a post-annealing heat treatment. In thin films of n = 2, 3 phases, surface restructuring reduces the epitaxy of the films and hence any potential beneficial anisotropy in transport properties will be lost. Care must therefore be exercised in processing these materials for electrode applications.
AU  - Wu,K-T
AU  - Tellez,H
AU  - Druce,J
AU  - Burriel,M
AU  - Yang,F
AU  - McComb,DW
AU  - Ishihara,T
AU  - Kilner,JA
AU  - Skinner,SJ
DO  - 10.1039/c7ta01781b
EP  - 9013
PY  - 2017///
SN  - 2050-7488
SP  - 9003
TI  - Surface chemistry and restructuring in thin-film Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n=1, 2 and 3) Ruddlesden-Popper oxides
T2  - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01781b
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000401316100021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/49169
VL  - 5
ER  -

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