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@article{Fadanelli:2019:10.1029/2019JA026747,
author = {Fadanelli, S and Lavraud, B and Califano, F and Jacquey, C and Vernisse, Y and Kacem, I and Penou, E and Gershman, D and Dorelli, J and Pollock, C and Giles, B and Avanov, L and Burch, J and Chandler, M and Coffey, V and Eastwood, J and Ergun, R and Farrugia, C and Fuselier, S and Genot, V and Grigorenko, E and Hasegawa, H and Khotyaintsev, Y and Le, Contel O and Marchaudon, A and Moore, T and Nakamura, R and Paterson, W and Phan, T and Rager, A and Russell, C and Saito, Y and Sauvaud, J-A and Schiff, C and Smith, S and Toledo, Redondo S and Torbert, R and Wang, S and Yokota, S},
doi = {10.1029/2019JA026747},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
pages = {6850--6868},
title = {Four-spacecraft measurements of the shape and dimensionality of magnetic structures in the near-Earth plasma environment},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026747},
volume = {124},
year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - We present a new method for determining the main relevant features of the local magnetic field configuration,  based  entirely  on  the  knowledge  of  the  magnetic field  gradient  using  four- spacecraft  measurements.  The  method,  named  “Magnetic  Configuration  Analysis”  (MCA),  estimates the spatial scales on which the magnetic field varies locally. While it directly derives from the well-known Magnetic Directional Derivative (MDD) and Magnetic Rotational Analysis  (MRA)  procedures  (Shi  et  al.,  2005,  doi:10.1029/2005GL022454;  Shen  et  al.,  2007,  doi:10.1029/2005JA011584),  MCA  was  specifically  designed  to  address  the  actual  magnetic field geometry. By applying MCA to multi-spacecraft data from the MMS satellites, we perform both case and statistical analyses of local magnetic field shape and dimensionality at very high cadence  and  small  scales.  We  apply  this  technique  to  different near-Earth  environments  and define a classification scheme for the type of configuration observed. While our case studies allow us to benchmark the method with those used in past works, our statistical analysis unveils the  typical  shape  of  magnetic  configurations  and  their  statistical  distributions.  We  show  that  small-scale magnetic configurations are generally elongated, displaying forms of cigar and blade shapes, but occasionally being planar in shape like thin pancakes (mostly inside current sheets). Magnetic configurations, however, rarely show isotropy in their magnetic variance. The planar nature of magnetic configurations and, most importantly, their scale lengths strongly depend on the  plasma  β  parameter.  Finally,  the  most  invariant  direction  is  statistically  aligned  with  the electric current, reminiscent of the importance of  electromagnetic  forces  in  shaping the local magnetic configuration
AU  - Fadanelli,S
AU  - Lavraud,B
AU  - Califano,F
AU  - Jacquey,C
AU  - Vernisse,Y
AU  - Kacem,I
AU  - Penou,E
AU  - Gershman,D
AU  - Dorelli,J
AU  - Pollock,C
AU  - Giles,B
AU  - Avanov,L
AU  - Burch,J
AU  - Chandler,M
AU  - Coffey,V
AU  - Eastwood,J
AU  - Ergun,R
AU  - Farrugia,C
AU  - Fuselier,S
AU  - Genot,V
AU  - Grigorenko,E
AU  - Hasegawa,H
AU  - Khotyaintsev,Y
AU  - Le,Contel O
AU  - Marchaudon,A
AU  - Moore,T
AU  - Nakamura,R
AU  - Paterson,W
AU  - Phan,T
AU  - Rager,A
AU  - Russell,C
AU  - Saito,Y
AU  - Sauvaud,J-A
AU  - Schiff,C
AU  - Smith,S
AU  - Toledo,Redondo S
AU  - Torbert,R
AU  - Wang,S
AU  - Yokota,S
DO  - 10.1029/2019JA026747
EP  - 6868
PY  - 2019///
SN  - 2169-9380
SP  - 6850
TI  - Four-spacecraft measurements of the shape and dimensionality of magnetic structures in the near-Earth plasma environment
T2  - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026747
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/72593
VL  - 124
ER  -

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