Publications
309 results found
Johnston I, Pattni SS, Nolan JD, et al., 2012, Vitamins A and D in Primary Bile Acid Diarrhea: A Prospective Study, Digestive Disease Week (DDW), Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S268-S269, ISSN: 0016-5085
Nolan JD, Johnston I, Dew T, et al., 2012, A Prospective Study of the Gut Hormone Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19) in Ileal Crohn's Disease, Digestive Disease Week (DDW), Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S801-S802, ISSN: 0016-5085
Johnston I, Pattni SS, Lin J, et al., 2012, Meal Stimulated FGF19 Response and Genetic Polymorphisms in Primary Bile Acid Diarrhea, Digestive Disease Week (DDW), Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S268-S268, ISSN: 0016-5085
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- Citations: 3
Zhang JH, Nolan JD, Johnston I, et al., 2012, Dramatic Stimulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Expression in the Human Ileum by Bile Acids, Digestive Disease Week (DDW), Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S268-S268, ISSN: 0016-5085
Nolan JD, Johnston IM, Walters JRF, 2012, Physiology of malabsorption, Surgery (United Kingdom), Vol: 30, Pages: 268-274, ISSN: 0263-9319
Malabsorption occurs when the function of the gastrointestinal tract is suboptimal and nutrient absorption is reduced. Malnutrition, weight loss, diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, anaemia and other specific nutrient deficiencies can be produced. This article will review the principles of normal nutrient absorption and the pathophysiology in disorders which result in malabsorption. Normal absorption needs coordinated processes of motility, hormone release, digestive secretion from the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, liver and intestine, and the expression of specific enzymes and transporter molecules. Gastric, pancreatic and intestinal disorders can all produce malabsorption. These can be complications of surgical procedures, or be due to inflammatory and autoimmune disorders such as coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, chronic pancreatitis, or autoimmune gastritis. Understanding the mechanisms involved and how these are affected by surgical procedures and disease will enable malabsorption to be recognized, investigated and treated appropriately. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Johnston I, Nolan J, Pattni SS, et al., 2011, New insights into bile acid malabsorption., Curr Gastroenterol Rep, Vol: 13, Pages: 418-425
Bile acid malabsorption occurs when there is impaired absorption of bile acids in the terminal ileum, so interrupting the normal enterohepatic circulation. The excess bile acids in the colon cause diarrhea, and treatment with bile acid sequestrants is beneficial. The condition can be diagnosed with difficulty by measuring fecal bile acids, or more easily by retention of selenohomocholyltaurine (SeHCAT), where this is available. Chronic diarrhea caused by primary bile acid diarrhea appears to be common, but is under-recognized where SeHCAT testing is not performed. Measuring excessive bile acid synthesis with 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one may be an alternative means of diagnosis. It appears that there is no absorption defect in primary bile acid diarrhea but, instead, an overproduction of bile acids. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) inhibits hepatic bile acid synthesis. Defective production of FGF19 from the ileum may be the cause of primary bile acid diarrhea.
Walker DG, Williams HRT, Kane SP, et al., 2011, Differences in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Phenotype between South Asians and Northern Europeans Living in North West London, UK, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, Vol: 106, Pages: 1281-1289, ISSN: 0002-9270
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- Citations: 51
Pattni SS, Dew T, Srinivas M, et al., 2011, Evaluation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 in the Diagnosis of Bile Acid Diarrhea, Conference on Digestive Disease Week 2011, Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S284-S284, ISSN: 0016-5085
Pattni SS, Pathmasrirengan S, Dixon PH, et al., 2011, A Study of the Prevalence of Genetic Polymorphisms in Bile Acid Diarrhea Patients, Conference on Digestive Disease Week 2011, Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S663-S663, ISSN: 0016-5085
Pattni S, Dew T, Srinivas M, et al., 2011, EVALUATION OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 19 IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BILE ACID DIARRHOEA, Annual Meeting on British-Society-of-Gasenterology, Publisher: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A88-A88, ISSN: 0017-5749
Shale MJH, Walters JRF, Westaby D, 2011, Adequacy of flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy for diarrhea in patients under age 50 without features of proximal disease, GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY, Vol: 73, Pages: 757-764, ISSN: 0016-5107
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- Citations: 12
Pattni S, Pathmasrirengan S, Dixon PH, et al., 2011, A STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN BILE ACID DIARRHOEA PATIENTS, Annual Meeting on British-Society-of-Gasenterology, Publisher: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A89-A89, ISSN: 0017-5749
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- Citations: 1
George DA, Hui LL, Rattehalli D, et al., 2011, THE ROLE OF NEAR PATIENT COELIAC SEROLOGY TESTING IN THE FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH COELIAC DISEASE, Annual Meeting on British-Society-of-Gasenterology, Publisher: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, ISSN: 0017-5749
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- Citations: 1
Elsadani NN, East JE, Walters JRF, 2011, New 2010 British Society of Gastroenterology colitis surveillance guidelines: costs and surveillance intervals, GUT, Vol: 60, Pages: 282-283, ISSN: 0017-5749
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- Citations: 10
Walters JRF, Pattni SS, 2010, Managing bile acid diarrhoea., Therap Adv Gastroenterol, Vol: 3, Pages: 349-357
Bowel symptoms including diarrhoea can be produced when excess bile acids (BA) are present in the colon. This condition, known as bile acid or bile salt malabsorption, has been under recognized, as the best diagnostic method, the (75)Se-homocholic acid taurine (SeHCAT) test, is not available in many countries and is not fully utilized in others. Reduced SeHCAT retention establishes that this is a complication of many other gastrointestinal diseases. Repeated studies show SeHCAT tests are abnormal in about 30% of patients otherwise diagnosed as diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome or functional diarrhoea, with an estimated population prevalence of around 1%. Recent work suggests that the condition previously called idiopathic bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is not in fact due to a defect in absorption, but results from an overproduction of BA because of defective feedback inhibition of hepatic bile acid synthesis, a function of the ileal hormone fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). The approach to treatment currently depends on binding excess BA, to reduce their secretory actions, using colestyramine, colestipol and, most recently, colesevelam. Colesevelam has a number of potential advantages that merit further investigation in trials directed at patients with bile acid diarrhoea.
Walters JRF, 2010, Defining primary bile acid diarrhea: making the diagnosis and recognizing the disorder, EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 4, Pages: 561-567, ISSN: 1747-4124
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- Citations: 36
Akbar A, Yiangou Y, Facer P, et al., 2010, Expression of the TRPV1 receptor differs in quiescent inflammatory bowel disease with or without abdominal pain, GUT, Vol: 59, Pages: 767-774, ISSN: 0017-5749
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- Citations: 153
Pournaras D, Kuganolipava S, Dew T, et al., 2010, The Mechanism of Diabetes Remission After Metabolic Surgery. The Role of Bile Flow and Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Changes After Rouxen-y Gastric Bypass, 4th IFSO-European Chapter Congress, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: 812-813, ISSN: 0960-8923
Milestone AN, Walker DG, Walters JR, et al., 2010, Vitamin D Status in Crohn's Disease, Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S202-S202, ISSN: 0016-5085
Pournaras D, Kuganolipava S, Dew T, et al., 2010, Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 as a Possible Cause and a Treatment Target for Obesity, Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S755-S755, ISSN: 0016-5085
Pattni SS, Brydon G, Dew T, et al., 2010, Evaluation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and 7α-Hydroxy-4-Cholesten-3-One in the Diagnosis of Bile Acid Diarrhea, Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, Pages: S107-S107, ISSN: 0016-5085
Pattni S, Dew T, Walters JRF, 2010, A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 19 IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DIARRHOEA AND POSSIBLE BILE ACID MALABSORPTION, Annual General Meeting of the British-Society-of-Gastroenterology, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A48-A48, ISSN: 0017-5749
Wedlake L, Walters JRF, Andreyev HJN, 2010, Applicability of the reported prevalence of bile salt malabsorption in irritable bowel: Authors' reply, Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol: 31, Pages: 162-164, ISSN: 0269-2813
Pournaras DJ, le Roux CW, Mahon D, et al., 2010, Demonstration of altered bile flow after gastric bypass - a novel mechanism to explain diabetes remission after bariatric surgery, Electronic Poster of Distinction in Association-of-Surgeons-of-Great-Britain-and-Ireland-International-Surgical-Congress, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 71-71, ISSN: 0007-1323
Raman M, Milestone A, Walters J, et al., 2010, Vitamin D and gastrointestinal diseases:inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.
Pattni S, Walters JRF, 2009, Recent advances in the understanding of bile acid malabsorption, BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN, Vol: 92, Pages: 79-93, ISSN: 0007-1420
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- Citations: 72
Balesaria S, Sangha S, Walters JRF, 2009, Human duodenum responses to vitamin D metabolites of TRPV6 and other genes involved in calcium absorption, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY, Vol: 297, Pages: G1193-G1197, ISSN: 0193-1857
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- Citations: 62
Walters JRF, Tasleem AM, Omer OS, et al., 2009, A New Mechanism for Bile Acid Diarrhea: Defective Feedback Inhibition of Bile Acid Biosynthesis, CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 7, Pages: 1189-1194, ISSN: 1542-3565
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- Citations: 232
Wedlake L, A'Hern R, Russell D, et al., 2009, Systematic review: the prevalence of idiopathic bile acid malabsorption as diagnosed by SeHCAT scanning in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Vol: 30, Pages: 707-717, ISSN: 0269-2813
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- Citations: 294
Akbar A, Walters JRF, Ghosh S, 2009, Review article: visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic agents, ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Vol: 30, Pages: 423-435, ISSN: 0269-2813
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- Citations: 57
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