Publications
258 results found
Moisi JAG, 2011, Excess child mortality after discharge from hospital in kilifi, Kenya: A retrospective cohort analysis [Surmortalité infantile après la sortie de l’hôpital de kilifi, au kenya: Une analyse de cohorte rétrospective], Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol: 89, Pages: 725-732A
Maitland DM, 2011, Mortality after fluid bolus in African children with severe infection, New England Journal of Medicine, Vol: 364, Pages: 2483-2495
Maitland K, 2011, Imaging in severe malaria, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 12, Pages: 237-238
Lubell CJM, 2011, Likely health outcomes for untreated acute febrile illness in the tropics in decision and economic models; a Delphi survey, PLoS ONE, Vol: 6
Berkley TN, 2011, Erratum: HIV infection, malnutrition, and invasive bacterial infection among children with Severe Malaria (Clinical Infectious Diseases (2009) 49:3 (336-343)), Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol: 52, Pages: 1202-1202
Muchohi K, 2011, Determination of ciprofloxacin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection: Application to a population pharmacokinetics study in children with severe malnutrition, Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, Vol: 879, Pages: 146-152
Pedro R, Akech S, Fegan G, et al., 2010, Changing trends in blood transfusion in children and neonates admitted in Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya (vol 9, pg 307, 2010), MALARIA JOURNAL, Vol: 9, ISSN: 1475-2875
Ogetii GN, Akech S, Jemutai J, et al., 2010, Hypoglycaemia in severe malaria, clinical associations and relationship to quinine dosage, BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 10
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- Citations: 29
Akech SO, Karisa J, Nakamya P, et al., 2010, Phase II trial of isotonic fluid resuscitation in Kenyan children with severe malnutrition and hypovolaemia, BMC PEDIATRICS, Vol: 10, ISSN: 1471-2431
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- Citations: 33
Akech SO, Jemutai J, Timbwa M, et al., 2010, Phase II trial on the use of Dextran 70 or starch for supportive therapy in Kenyan children with severe malaria, CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 38, Pages: 1630-1636, ISSN: 0090-3493
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- Citations: 19
Thuo N, Ohuma E, Karisa J, et al., 2010, The prognostic value of dipstick urinalysis in children admitted to hospital with severe malnutrition, ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD, Vol: 95, Pages: 422-426, ISSN: 0003-9888
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- Citations: 12
Yacoub S, Lang H-J, Shebbe M, et al., 2010, Cardiac function and haemodynamics in African children with severe malaria, Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 14, Pages: E112-E113, ISSN: 1201-9712
Hassall O, Maitland K, Fegan G, et al., 2010, The quality of stored umbilical cord and adult-donated whole blood in Mombasa, Kenya, TRANSFUSION, Vol: 50, Pages: 611-616, ISSN: 0041-1132
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- Citations: 9
Yacoub K, 2010, Cardiac function and hemodynamics in Kenyan children with severe malaria, Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 38, Pages: 940-945
Dondorp NJ, 2010, Artesunate versus quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children (AQUAMAT): An open-label, randomised trial, The Lancet, Vol: 376, Pages: 1647-1657
Pedro K, 2010, Changing trends in blood transfusion in children and neonates admitted in Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya, Malaria Journal, Vol: 9
Idro CRJ, 2010, Iron deficiency and acute seizures: Results from children living in rural kenya and a meta-analysis, PLoS ONE, Vol: 5
Akech K, 2010, Choice of fluids for resuscitation in children with severe infection and shock: Systematic review, BMJ (Online), Vol: 341, Pages: 544-544
Khor AVS, 2010, CISH and susceptibility to infectious diseases, New England Journal of Medicine, Vol: 362, Pages: 2092-2101
Pedro K, 2010, Changing trends in blood transfusion in children and neonates admitted in Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya., Malaria journal, Vol: 9, Pages: 307-307
Maitland K, 2010, Antimicrobials in children admitted to hospital in malaria endemic areas, BMJ (Online), Vol: 340, Pages: 822-822
Hassall O, Maitland K, Pole L, et al., 2009, Bacterial contamination of pediatric whole blood transfusions in a Kenyan hospital, TRANSFUSION, Vol: 49, Pages: 2594-2598, ISSN: 0041-1132
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- Citations: 24
Mwaniki MK, Nokes DJ, Ignas J, et al., 2009, Emergency triage assessment for hypoxaemia in neonates and young children in a Kenyan hospital: an observational study., Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol: 87, Pages: 263-270, ISSN: 1564-0604
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of hypoxaemia in children admitted to a hospital in Kenya for the purpose of identifying clinical signs of hypoxaemia for emergency triage assessment, and to test the hypothesis that such signs lead to correct identification of hypoxaemia in children, irrespective of their diagnosis. METHODS: From 2002 to 2005 we prospectively collected clinical data and pulse oximetry measurements for all paediatric admissions to Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya, irrespective of diagnosis, and assessed the prevalence of hypoxaemia in relation to the WHO clinical syndromes of 'pneumonia' on admission and the final diagnoses made at discharge. We used the data collected over the first three years to derive signs predictive of hypoxaemia, and data from the fourth year to validate those signs. FINDINGS: Hypoxemia was found in 977 of 15 289 (6.4%) of all admissions (5% to 19% depending on age group) and was strongly associated with inpatient mortality (age-adjusted risk ratio: 4.5; 95% confidence interval, CI: 3.8-5.3). Although most hypoxaemic children aged > 60 days met the WHO criteria for a syndrome of 'pneumonia' on admission, only 215 of the 693 (31%) such children had a final diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). The most predictive signs for hypoxaemia included shock, a heart rate < 80 beats per minute, irregular breathing, a respiratory rate > 60 breaths per minute and impaired consciousness. However, 5-15% of the children who had hypoxaemia on admission were missed, and 18% of the children were incorrectly identified as hypoxaemic. CONCLUSION: The syndromes of pneumonia make it possible to identify most hypoxaemic children, including those without LRTI. Shock, bradycardia and irregular breathing are important predictive signs, and severe malaria with respiratory distress is a common cause of hypoxaemia. Overall, however, clinical signs are poor predictors of hypoxaemia, and using pulse oximetry in resource-poor hea
Berkley CRJC, 2009, HIV infection, malnutrition, and invasive bacterial infection among children with severe malaria, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol: 49, Pages: 336-343
Maitland K, 2009, Symposium 5: Joint BAPEN and Nutrition Society Symposium on Feeding size 0: The science of starvation Severe malnutrition: Therapeutic challenges and treatment of hypovolaemic shock, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, Vol: 68, Pages: 274-280
Talbert K, 2009, Hypothermia in children with severe malnutrition: Low prevalence on the tropical coast of Kenya, Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Vol: 55, Pages: 413-416
Olotu CRJC, 2009, Characteristics and outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospitalised African children, Resuscitation, Vol: 80, Pages: 69-72
Bejon JA, Mohammed S, Mwangi I, et al., 2008, Fraction of all hospital admissions and deaths attributable to malnutrition among children in rural Kenya, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol: 88, Pages: 1626-1631, ISSN: 0002-9165
ABSTRACTBackground: Malnutrition is common in the developing world andassociated with disease and mortality. Because malnutrition frequentlyoccurs among children in the community as well as thosewith acute illness, and because anthropometric indicators of nutritionalstatus are continuous variablesthat preclude a single definitionof malnutrition, malnutrition-attributable fractions of admissionsand deaths cannot be calculated by simply enumerating individualchildren.Objective: We determined the malnutrition-attributable fractionsamong children admitted to a rural district hospital in Kenya, amonginpatient deaths and among children with the major causes of severedisease.Design: We analyzed data from children between 6 and 60 mo ofage, comprising 13 307 admissions, 674 deaths, 3068 admissionswith severe disease, and 562 community controls by logistic regression,using anthropometric z scores as the independent variable andadmission or death as the outcome, to calculate the probability ofadmission as a result of “true malnutrition” for individual cases.Probabilities were averaged to calculate attributable fractions.Results: Z scores 3 were insensitive for malnutritionattributabledeaths and admissions, and no single threshold was bothspecific and sensitive. The overall malnutrition-attributable fraction forin-hospital deaths was 51% (95% CI: 42%, 61%) with midupper armcircumference. Similarmalnutrition-attributable fractionswere seen forthemajorcauses of severe disease (severemalaria, gastroenteritis,lowerrespiratory tract infection, HIV, and invasive bacterial disease).Conclusions: Despite global improvements, malnutrition still underlieshalf of the inpatient morbidity and mortality rates amongchildren in rural Kenya. This contribution is underestimated by using conventional clinical definitions of severe malnutrition.
Idro R, Williams TN, Gwer S, et al., 2008, Haptoglobin HP2-2 genotype, α-thalassaemia and acute seizures in children living in a malaria-endemic area, EPILEPSY RESEARCH, Vol: 81, Pages: 114-118, ISSN: 0920-1211
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- Citations: 4
Idro R, Gwer S, Kahindi M, et al., 2008, The incidence, aetiology and outcome of acute seizures in children admitted to a rural Kenyan district hospital, BMC PEDIATRICS, Vol: 8, ISSN: 1471-2431
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- Citations: 54
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