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@article{Aglago:2023:10.1038/s41416-023-02164-7,
author = {Aglago, EK and Cross, AJ and Riboli, E and Fedirko, V and Hughes, DJ and Fournier, A and Jakszyn, P and Freisling, H and Gunter, MJ and Dahm, CC and Overvad, K and Tjønneland, A and Kyrø, C and Boutron-Ruault, M-C and Rothwell, JA and Severi, G and Katzke, V and Srour, B and Schulze, MB and Wittenbecher, C and Palli, D and Sieri, S and Pasanisi, F and Tumino, R and Ricceri, F and Bueno-de-Mesquita, B and Derksen, JWG and Skeie, G and Jensen, TE and Lukic, M and Sánchez, M-J and Amiano, P and Colorado-Yohar, S and Barricarte, A and Ericson, U and van, Guelpen B and Papier, K and Knuppel, A and Casagrande, C and Huybrechts, I and Heath, AK and Tsilidis, KK and Jenab, M},
doi = {10.1038/s41416-023-02164-7},
journal = {British Journal of Cancer},
pages = {1529--1540},
title = {Dietary intake of total, heme and non-heme iron and the risk of colorectal cancer in a European prospective cohort study},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-023-02164-7},
volume = {128},
year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - BackgroundIron is an essential micronutrient with differing intake patterns and metabolism between men and women. Epidemiologic evidence on the association of dietary iron and its heme and non-heme components with colorectal cancer (CRC) development is inconclusive.MethodsWe examined baseline dietary questionnaire-assessed intakes of total, heme, and non-heme iron and CRC risk in the EPIC cohort. Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using Cox regression. We modelled substitution of a 1 mg/day of heme iron intake with non-heme iron using the leave one-out method.ResultsOf 450,105 participants (318,680 women) followed for 14.2 ± 4.0 years, 6162 (3511 women) developed CRC. In men, total iron intake was not associated with CRC risk (highest vs. lowest quintile, HRQ5vs.Q1:0.88; 95%CI:0.73, 1.06). An inverse association was observed for non-heme iron (HRQ5vs.Q1:0.80, 95%CI:0.67, 0.96) whereas heme iron showed a non-significant association (HRQ5vs.Q1:1.10; 95%CI:0.96, 1.27). In women, CRC risk was not associated with intakes of total (HRQ5vs.Q1:1.11, 95%CI:0.94, 1.31), heme (HRQ5vs.Q1:0.95; 95%CI:0.84, 1.07) or non-heme iron (HRQ5vs.Q1:1.03, 95%CI:0.88, 1.20). Substitution of heme with non-heme iron demonstrated lower CRC risk in men (HR:0.94; 95%CI: 0.89, 0.99).ConclusionsOur findings suggest potential sex-specific CRC risk associations for higher iron consumption that may differ by dietary sources.
AU  - Aglago,EK
AU  - Cross,AJ
AU  - Riboli,E
AU  - Fedirko,V
AU  - Hughes,DJ
AU  - Fournier,A
AU  - Jakszyn,P
AU  - Freisling,H
AU  - Gunter,MJ
AU  - Dahm,CC
AU  - Overvad,K
AU  - Tjønneland,A
AU  - Kyrø,C
AU  - Boutron-Ruault,M-C
AU  - Rothwell,JA
AU  - Severi,G
AU  - Katzke,V
AU  - Srour,B
AU  - Schulze,MB
AU  - Wittenbecher,C
AU  - Palli,D
AU  - Sieri,S
AU  - Pasanisi,F
AU  - Tumino,R
AU  - Ricceri,F
AU  - Bueno-de-Mesquita,B
AU  - Derksen,JWG
AU  - Skeie,G
AU  - Jensen,TE
AU  - Lukic,M
AU  - Sánchez,M-J
AU  - Amiano,P
AU  - Colorado-Yohar,S
AU  - Barricarte,A
AU  - Ericson,U
AU  - van,Guelpen B
AU  - Papier,K
AU  - Knuppel,A
AU  - Casagrande,C
AU  - Huybrechts,I
AU  - Heath,AK
AU  - Tsilidis,KK
AU  - Jenab,M
DO  - 10.1038/s41416-023-02164-7
EP  - 1540
PY  - 2023///
SN  - 0007-0920
SP  - 1529
TI  - Dietary intake of total, heme and non-heme iron and the risk of colorectal cancer in a European prospective cohort study
T2  - British Journal of Cancer
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-023-02164-7
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-023-02164-7
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/104894
VL  - 128
ER  -

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