Publications
272 results found
Blake IM, Burton MJ, Solomon AW, et al., 2010, Targeting Antibiotics to Households for Trachoma Control, PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, Vol: 4, ISSN: 1935-2735
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- Citations: 16
French MD, Churcher TS, Gambhir M, et al., 2010, Observed Reductions in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Transmission from Large-Scale Administration of Praziquantel in Uganda: A Mathematical Modelling Study, PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, Vol: 4, ISSN: 1935-2735
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- Citations: 62
Churcher TS, Bousema TJ, Drakeley CJ, et al., 2010, LOW GAMETOCYTE DENSITIES RESTRICT THE DEVELOPMENT OF <i>PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM</i> WITHIN <i>ANOPHELES GAMBIAE</i> WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HUMAN RESERVOIR OF INFECTION AND PARASITE ELIMINATION, 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH), Publisher: AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE, Pages: 169-169, ISSN: 0002-9637
Griffin JT, Hollingsworth D, Okell LC, et al., 2010, STRATEGIES TOWARDS <i>PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM</i> MALARIA ELIMINATION IN AFRICA USING CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TOOLS, 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH), Publisher: AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE, Pages: 262-262, ISSN: 0002-9637
O'Hanlon S, Coffeng L, Slater H, et al., 2010, GEOSTATISTICAL MAPPING OF THE PREVALENCE OF INFECTION DURING THE ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL PROGRAMME IN WEST AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR ESTIMATING THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF ONCHOCERCAL DISEASE, 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH), Publisher: AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE, Pages: 64-65, ISSN: 0002-9637
Walker M, Hall A, Basanez M-G, 2010, Trickle or clumped infection process? An analysis of aggregation in the weights of the parasitic roundworm of humans, <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 40, Pages: 1373-1380, ISSN: 0020-7519
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- Citations: 9
Walker M, Hall A, Basanez M-G, 2010, Trickle or clumped infection process? A stochastic model for the infection process of the parasitic roundworm of humans, <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 40, Pages: 1381-1388, ISSN: 0020-7519
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- Citations: 9
Griffin JT, Hollingsworth TD, Okell LC, et al., 2010, Reducing Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission in Africa: a model-based evaluation of intervention strategies., PLoS Med, Vol: 7, Pages: 1-27, ISSN: 1549-1676
BACKGROUND: Over the past decade malaria intervention coverage has been scaled up across Africa. However, it remains unclear what overall reduction in transmission is achievable using currently available tools. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We developed an individual-based simulation model for Plasmodium falciparum transmission in an African context incorporating the three major vector species (Anopheles gambiae s.s., An. arabiensis, and An. funestus) with parameters obtained by fitting to parasite prevalence data from 34 transmission settings across Africa. We incorporated the effect of the switch to artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) and increasing coverage of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) from the year 2000 onwards. We then explored the impact on transmission of continued roll-out of LLINs, additional rounds of indoor residual spraying (IRS), mass screening and treatment (MSAT), and a future RTS,S/AS01 vaccine in six representative settings with varying transmission intensity (as summarized by the annual entomological inoculation rate, EIR: 1 setting with low, 3 with moderate, and 2 with high EIRs), vector-species combinations, and patterns of seasonality. In all settings we considered a realistic target of 80% coverage of interventions. In the low-transmission setting (EIR approximately 3 ibppy [infectious bites per person per year]), LLINs have the potential to reduce malaria transmission to low levels (<1% parasite prevalence in all age-groups) provided usage levels are high and sustained. In two of the moderate-transmission settings (EIR approximately 43 and 81 ibppy), additional rounds of IRS with DDT coupled with MSAT could drive parasite prevalence below a 1% threshold. However, in the third (EIR = 46) with An. arabiensis prevailing, these interventions are insufficient to reach this threshold. In both high-transmission settings (EIR approximately 586 and 675 ibppy), either unrealistically high coverage levels (>90%) or novel tools and/or
Gambhir M, Basanez M-G, Blake IM, et al., 2010, Modelling Trachoma for Control Programmes, MODELLING PARASITE TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL, Vol: 673, Pages: 141-156, ISSN: 0065-2598
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- Citations: 6
Churcher TS, Kaplan RM, Ardelli BF, et al., 2010, Mass Treatment of Parasitic Disease: Implications for the Development and Spread of Anthelmintic Resistance, Basel, Publisher: Karger Publishers, ISBN: 9783805593236
There has been a dramatic increase in the use of mass drug administration to reduce the morbidity associated with helminth infections of humans, raising the likelihood that anthelmintic resistance may become a public health concern of the future. After highlighting the scope and magnitude of the chemotherapy-based helminth control programs presently in place, this chapter emphasizes the mechanisms of action of the main anthelmintic drugs in use and how resistance may develop. To date, the most established population-based mass drug administration campaigns have been against the filarial parasites which cause human on chocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. The molecular and parasitological evidence suggesting the presence of drug resistance in human filarial parasites is reviewed and factors influencing the spread of drug resistant parasites are discussed, taking examples from veterinary helminths and the use of mathematical models. In particular, the public health impact of the development of resistance by soil-transmitted helminths, such as hookworm, is a real concern. Implications of the development of anthelmintic resistance are discussed in relation to existing control programs, emphasizing how their monitoring and evaluation is essential to prevent it becoming a major public health concern of the future.
Churcher TS, Kaplan RM, Ardelli BF, et al., 2010, Mass Treatment of Parasitic Disease: Implications forthe Development and Spread of AnthelminticResistance, Antimicrobial Resistance – Beyond the Breakpoint, Editors: Todd Weber, Publisher: Basel, Karger
There has been a dramatic increase in the use of mass drug administration to reduce the morbidity associated with helminth infections of humans, raising the likelihood that anthelmintic resistance may become a public health concern of the future. After highlighting the scope and magnitude of the chemotherapy-based helminth control programs presently in place, this chapter emphasizes the mechanisms of action of the main anthelmintic drugs in use and how resistance may develop. To date, the most established population-based mass drug administration campaigns have been against the filarial parasites which cause human onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. The molecular and parasitological evidence suggesting the presence of drug resistance in human filarial parasites is reviewed and factors influencing the spread of drug resistant parasites are discussed, taking examples from veterinary helminths and the use of mathematical models. In particular, the public health impact of the development of resistance by soil-transmitted helminths, such as hookworm, is a real concern. Implications of the development of anthelmintic resistance are discussed in relation to existing control programs, emphasizing how their monitoring and evaluation is essential to prevent it becoming a major public health concern of the future.
Dawes EJ, Zhuang S, Sinden RE, et al., 2009, The temporal dynamics of <i>Plasmodium</i> density through the sporogonic cycle within <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes, TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Vol: 103, Pages: 1197-1198, ISSN: 0035-9203
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- Citations: 14
Dawes EJ, Churcher TS, Zhuang S, et al., 2009, Anopheles mortality is both age- and <i>Plasmodium</i>-density dependent: implications for malaria transmission, MALARIA JOURNAL, Vol: 8
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- Citations: 80
Sousa-Figueiredo JC, Basanez M-G, Khamis IS, et al., 2009, Measuring Morbidity Associated with Urinary Schistosomiasis: Assessing Levels of Excreted Urine Albumin and Urinary Tract Pathologies, PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, Vol: 3, ISSN: 1935-2735
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- Citations: 21
Stothard JR, French MD, Khamis IS, et al., 2009, The epidemiology and control of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in schoolchildren on Unguja Island, Zanzibar, TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Vol: 103, Pages: 1031-1044, ISSN: 0035-9203
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- Citations: 72
Churcher TS, Pion SDS, Osei-Atweneboana MY, et al., 2009, Identifying sub-optimal responses to ivermectin in the treatment of River Blindness, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Vol: 106, Pages: 16716-16721, ISSN: 0027-8424
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- Citations: 68
French M, Churcher T, Basanez M-G, et al., 2009, Reductions in environmental transmission observed with a large-scale schistosomiasis control programme in Uganda, TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH, Vol: 14, Pages: 54-55, ISSN: 1360-2276
Gambhir M, Basanez M-G, Burton MJ, et al., 2009, The Development of an Age-Structured Model for Trachoma Transmission Dynamics, Pathogenesis and Control, PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol: 3, ISSN: 1935-2735
Background: Trachoma, the worldwide leading infectious cause of blindness, is due to repeated conjunctival infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The effects of control interventions on population levels of infection and active disease can be promptly measured, but the effects on severe ocular sequelae require long-term monitoring. We present an age-structured mathematical model of trachoma transmission and disease to predict the impact of interventions on the prevalence of blinding trachoma.Methodology/Principal Findings: The model is based on the concept of multiple reinfections leading to progressive conjunctival scarring, trichiasis, corneal opacity and blindness. It also includes aspects of trachoma natural history, such as an increasing rate of recovery from infection and a decreasing chlamydial load with subsequent infections that depend upon a (presumed) acquired immunity that clears infection with age more rapidly. Parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood by fitting the model to pre-control infection prevalence data from hypo-, meso- and hyperendemic communities from The Gambia and Tanzania. The model reproduces key features of trachoma epidemiology: 1) the age-profile of infection prevalence, which increases to a peak at very young ages and declines at older ages; 2) a shift in this prevalence peak, toward younger ages in higher force of infection environments; 3) a raised overall profile of infection prevalence with higher force of infection; and 4) a rising profile, with age, of the prevalence of the ensuing severe sequelae (trachomatous scarring, trichiasis), as well as estimates of the number of infections that need to occur before these sequelae appear.Conclusions/Significance: We present a framework that is sufficiently comprehensive to examine the outcomes of the A (antibiotic) component of the SAFE strategy on disease. The suitability of the model for representing population-level patterns of infection and disease sequelae is discussed in
Rudge JW, Lu D-B, Fang G-R, et al., 2009, Parasite genetic differentiation by habitat type and host species: molecular epidemiology of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in hilly and marshland areas of Anhui Province, China, MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Vol: 18, Pages: 2134-2147, ISSN: 0962-1083
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- Citations: 65
Blake IM, Burton MJ, Bailey RL, et al., 2009, Estimating Household and Community Transmission of Ocular <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, Vol: 3, ISSN: 1935-2735
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- Citations: 38
Taylor MJ, Awadzi K, Basanez M-G, et al., 2009, Onchocerciasis Control: Vision for the Future from a Ghanian perspective, PARASITES & VECTORS, Vol: 2, ISSN: 1756-3305
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- Citations: 41
Churcher TS, Basanez M-G, 2009, Sampling strategies to detect anthelmintic resistance: the perspective of human onchocerciasis, TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 25, Pages: 11-17, ISSN: 1471-4922
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- Citations: 23
Basanez M-G, Churcher TS, Grillet M-E, 2009, <i>Onchocerca</i>-<i>Simulium</i> Interactions and the Population and Evolutionary Biology of <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i>, ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY, VOL 68, Vol: 68, Pages: 263-+, ISSN: 0065-308X
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- Citations: 48
Walker M, Hall A, Anderson RM, et al., 2009, Density-dependent effects on the weight of female Ascaris lumbricoides infections of humans and its impact on patterns of egg production., Parasit Vectors, Vol: 2, Pages: 1-18, ISSN: 1756-3305
ABSTRACT:
Sousa-Figueiredo JC, Basanez M-G, Mgeni AF, et al., 2008, A parasitological survey, in rural Zanzibar, of pre-school children and their mothers for urinary schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases and malaria, with observations on the prevalence of anaemia, ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 102, Pages: 679-692, ISSN: 0003-4983
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- Citations: 44
Basanez M-G, 2008, Mathematical modelling of parasitic infections: from data and parameter estimation to evolutionary implications, PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 135, Pages: 1487-1488, ISSN: 0031-1820
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- Citations: 1
Bottomley C, Isham V, Collins RC, et al., 2008, Rates of microfilarial production by <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i> are not cumulatively reduced by multiple ivermectin treatments, PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 135, Pages: 1571-1581, ISSN: 0031-1820
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- Citations: 25
Rudge JW, Carabin H, Balolong E, et al., 2008, Population Genetics of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> within the Philippines Suggest High Levels of Transmission between Humans and Dogs, PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, Vol: 2, ISSN: 1935-2735
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- Citations: 56
Williams JR, Bórquez A, Basáñez MG, 2008, Hispanic Latin America, Spain and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean: a rich source of reference material for public health, epidemiology and tropical medicine., Emerging Themes in Epidemiology, Vol: 5, ISSN: 1742-7622
There is a multiplicity of journals originating in Spain and the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (SSLAC) in the health sciences of relevance to the fields of epidemiology and public health. While the subject matter of epidemiology in Spain shares many features with its neighbours in Western Europe, many aspects of epidemiology in Latin America are particular to that region. There are also distinctive theoretical and philosophical approaches to the study of epidemiology and public health arising from traditions such as the Latin American social medicine movement, of which there may be limited awareness. A number of online bibliographic databases are available which focus primarily on health sciences literature arising in Spain and Latin America, the most prominent being Literatura Latinoamericana en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) and LATINDEX. Some such as LILACS also extensively index grey literature. As well as in Spanish, interfaces are provided in English and Portuguese. Abstracts of articles may also be provided in English with an increasing number of journals beginning to publish entire articles written in English. Free full text articles are becoming accessible, one of the most comprehensive sources being the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). There is thus an extensive range of literature originating in Spain and SSLAC freely identifiable and often accessible online, and with the potential to provide useful inputs to the study of epidemiology and public health provided that any reluctance to explore these resources can be overcome. In this article we provide an introduction to such resources.
Grillet M-E, Villamizar NJ, Frontado HL, et al., 2008, Vector competence of <i>Simulium oyapockense</i> s.l. and <i>S</i>. <i>incrustatum</i> for <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i>:: Implications for ivermectin-based control in the Amazonian focus of human onchocerciasis, a multi-vector-host system, ACTA TROPICA, Vol: 107, Pages: 80-89, ISSN: 0001-706X
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- Citations: 8
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