Publications
306 results found
Bajaj P, Borreani E, Ghosh P, et al., 2008, Screening for suicidal thoughts in primary care: The views of patients and general practitioners, Mental Health in Family Medicine, Vol: 5, Pages: 229-235, ISSN: 1756-834X
Background It has been argued that primary care practitioners have an important part to play in the prevention of suicide. However, levels of assessment of risk of suicide among patients treated in this setting are generally low. Methods Cross-sectional survey of general practitioners (GPs) and people being treated in primary care who had signs of depression. The study combined open and closed questions on attitudes to screening or being screened for suicidal ideation. Results One hundred and one of 132 patients took part in the survey and 103 of 300 GPs completed a questionnaire. A majority of both GPs and patients stated that people should be screened for suicidal ideation. However, an important minority of patients and GPs stated that asking or being asked such questions made them feel uncomfortable. Less than half of GPs had received formal training on the assessment of suicide risk. GPs told the researchers that barriers to screening included time pressures, culture and language, and concerns about the impact that screening could have on people's mental health. One-quarter of GPs and one-fifth of patients supported the notion that screening for suicidal ideation could induce a person to have thoughts of self-harm. Conclusions GPs and family doctors should screen for suicidal risk among depressed patients and should receive training on how to do this as part of their general training in the assessment and management of mental disorders. Research should be conducted to examine what, if any, effect screening for suicidal ideation has on mental health. © 2008 Radcliffe Publishing.
Crawford MJ, 2008, Specific mental health disorders: Personality disorders, International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Pages: 182-187, ISBN: 9780123739605
Personality disorders (PDs) are maladaptive patterns of relating to self and others that have negative consequences for the individual and society at large. While debate continues about the most appropriate system for their classification, poor health and social outcomes experienced by people with these problems highlight their public health importance. Interpersonal problems inherent in personality disorder mean that providing services for people with PD is not straightforward. However, clear links with childhood adversity provide a basis for the development of primary prevention strategies and an evidence base is beginning to emerge that suggests that many forms of personality disorder are amenable to psychosocial intervention. © 2008 Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Touquet R, Csipke E, Holloway P, et al., 2008, Resuscitation room blood alcohol concentrations: one-year cohort study, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 25, Pages: 752-756, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 15
Crawford MJ, 2008, Review: screening and intervention for alcohol misuse in emergency rooms reduces alcohol-related injuries., Evid Based Ment Health, Vol: 11
Tyrer P, Oliver-Africano P, Murphy D, et al., 2008, Antipsychotics in individuals with intellectual disability - Reply, LANCET, Vol: 371, Pages: 1502-1502, ISSN: 0140-6736
Crawford MJ, 2008, Services for people with personality disorder, Psychiatry, Vol: 7, Pages: 124-128, ISSN: 1476-1793
After years of relative neglect, increased efforts are being made to improve services for people with personality disorder (PD). Mental health services can play an important part in supporting people with PD and facilitating access to psychological therapies and dedicated PD services. Although further evidence is required to determine the most effective and cost-effective ways of helping people with PD, there is a broad consensus about general principles for working with people with PD that can help to ensure that best use is made of the resources that are currently available. PD services need to be consistent and reliable, to promote self-efficacy, and to ensure that services users are actively involved in their treatment. Realistic expectations are needed regarding what contact with services can help someone achieve and to help people identify short- and long-term goals. Clear communication between all those involved in providing services for people with PD is important, as are opportunities for reflective practice. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Faulkner A, Gillespie S, Imlack S, et al., 2008, Learning the lessons together., Ment Health Today, Pages: 24-26, ISSN: 1474-5186
Tyrer P, Oliver-Africano PC, Ahmed Z, et al., 2008, Risperidone, haloperidol, and placebo in the treatment of aggressive challenging behaviour in patients with intellectual disability: a randomised controlled trial., Lancet, Vol: 371, Pages: 57-63, ISSN: 1474-547X
BACKGROUND: Aggressive challenging behaviour is frequently reported in adults with intellectual disability and it is often treated with antipsychotic drugs. However, no adequate evidence base for this practice exists. We compared flexible doses of haloperidol (a typical, first-generation antipsychotic drug), risperidone (an atypical, second-generation antipsychotic), and placebo, in the treatment of this behaviour. METHODS: 86 non-psychotic patients presenting with aggressive challenging behaviour from ten centres in England and Wales, and one in Queensland, Australia, were randomly assigned to haloperidol (n=28), risperidone (n=29), or placebo (n=29). Clinical assessments of aggression, aberrant behaviour, quality of life, adverse drug effects, and carer uplift (positive feelings about the care of the disabled person) and burden, together with total costs, were recorded at 4, 12, and 26 weeks. The primary outcome was change in aggression after 4 weeks' treatment, which was recorded with the modified overt aggression scale (MOAS). Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered as ISRCTN 11736448. FINDINGS: 80 patients had adherence of 80% or more to prescribed drug. Aggression decreased substantially with all three treatments by 4 weeks, with the placebo group showing the greatest change (median decrease in MOAS score after 4 weeks=9 [95% CI 5-14] for placebo, 79% from baseline; 7 [4-14] for risperidone, 58% from baseline; 6.5 [5-14] for haloperidol, 65% from baseline; p=0.06). Furthermore, although no important differences between the treatments were recorded, including adverse effects, patients given placebo showed no evidence at any time points of worse response than did patients assigned to either of the antipsychotic drugs. INTERPRETATION: Antipsychotic drugs should no longer be regarded as an acceptable routine treatment for aggressive challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disability.
Crawford M, Price K, Rutter D, et al., 2008, Dedicated Community-Based Services for Adults with Personality Disorder: A Delphi Study., British Journal of Psychiatry
Patton R, Brower KJ, Bellefleur S, et al., 2008, Educational interventions for alcohol use disorders, CAMBRIDGE TEXTBOOK OF EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS IN PSYCHIATRY, Publisher: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, Pages: 314-319
Maratos AS, Gold C, Wang X, et al., 2008, Music therapy for depression, COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS, ISSN: 1469-493X
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- Citations: 265
Slaymaker VJ, Brower KJ, Crawford M, 2008, Complex interventions for alcohol use disorders, CAMBRIDGE TEXTBOOK OF EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS IN PSYCHIATRY, Publisher: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, Pages: 320-339
Crawford M, Rutter D, 2007, Lessons Learned from an Evaluation of Dedicated Community-based Services for People with Personality Disorder, Mental Health Review Journal, Vol: 12, Pages: 55-64, ISSN: 1361-9322
This paper summarises some of the key messages from a project commissioned by the National Co-ordinating Centre for NHS Service Delivery and Organisation and conducted by researchers from Imperial College London, University College London, King's College London and the Mental Health Foundation. An electronic copy of the full report will be made available by the Service Delivery and Organisation programme in December 2007 and can be downloaded via www.sdo.Ishtm.ac.uk. © 2007, Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Djuretic T, Crawford MJ, Weaver TD, 2007, Role of qualitative research to inform design of epidemiological studies: A cohort study of mental health of migrants from the former Yugoslavia, Journal of Mental Health, Vol: 16, Pages: 743-755, ISSN: 0963-8237
Background: While limited research has been conducted among displaced people in the UK it is clear that mental health problems in this group are more prevalent than among the general population. Aims: To develop a better understanding of pre and post migration factors that may affect mental health of forced and elective immigrants from the former Yugoslavia and to use data to inform the measures of exposures and outcomes in a subsequent epidemiological study. Method: Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 asylum seekers, refugees and migrants from the former Yugoslavia. Data were analyzed systematically using the Framework Analysis Method. Result: Participants focussed on impaired social functioning rather than emotional or psychological problems when describing the impact of their experiences on their health. Concerns were raised about access of secondary care services and the treatment they received within primary care. Conclusion: Preliminary work enabled us to identify the terms people use to describe their experiences, and to generate additional hypotheses on service utilization that will be tested in a subsequent cohort study. Declaration of interest: TD is funded by a Medical Research Council Health Services Training Fellowship. © Shadowfax Publishing and Informa UK Ltd.
Tyrer P, Cooper S, Herbert E, et al., 2007, The quantification of violence scale: A simple method of recording significant violence, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 53, Pages: 485-497, ISSN: 0020-7640
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- Citations: 8
Crawford MJ, Thomas O, Khan N, et al., 2007, Psychosocial interventions for self-harm - Author's reply, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 191, Pages: 360-360, ISSN: 0007-1250
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- Citations: 1
Patton R, Strang J, Birtles C, et al., 2007, Alcohol: a missed opportunity. A survey of all accident and emergency departments in England, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 24, Pages: 529-531, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 16
Csipke E, Touquet R, Patel T, et al., 2007, Use of blood alcohol concentration in resuscitation room patients, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 24, Pages: 535-538, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 9
Crawford MJ, Patterson S, 2007, Arts therapies for people with schizophrenia: an emerging evidence base., Evid Based Ment Health, Vol: 10, Pages: 69-70, ISSN: 1362-0347
Coelho HF, Crawford M, 2007, A randomised clinical trial of music therapy should be feasible for acute inpatients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illness: Commentary, Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies, Vol: 12, Pages: 120-121, ISSN: 1465-3753
Oliver PC, Crawford MJ, Rao B, et al., 2007, Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) for people with intellectual disability and aggressive challenging behaviour: a reliability study, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, Vol: 20, Pages: 368-372
Crawford MJ, Kumar P, 2007, Intervention following deliberate self-harm: enough evidence to act?, Evid Based Ment Health, Vol: 10, Pages: 37-39, ISSN: 1362-0347
Crawford MJ, 2007, Can deficits in social problem-solving in people with personality disorder be reversed?, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 190, Pages: 283-284, ISSN: 0007-1250
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- Citations: 7
Crawford MJ, Thomas O, Khan N, et al., 2007, Psychosocial interventions following self-harm - Systematic review of their efficacy in preventing suicide, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 190, Pages: 11-17, ISSN: 0007-1250
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- Citations: 65
Djuretic T, Crawford M, 2007, Long-term impact of forced versus voluntary migration on mental health of people from former Yugoslavia resettled in Britain, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Vol: 17, Pages: 97-98, ISSN: 1101-1262
Talwar N, Crawford MJ, Maratos A, et al., 2006, Music therapy for in-patients with schizophrenia - Exploratory randomised controlled trial, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 189, Pages: 405-409, ISSN: 0007-1250
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- Citations: 99
Barrett B, Byford S, Crawford MJ, et al., 2006, Cost-effectiveness of screening and referral to an alcohol health worker in alcohol misusing patients attending an accident and emergency department: A decision-making approach, DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE, Vol: 81, Pages: 47-54, ISSN: 0376-8716
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- Citations: 67
Crawford M, 2006, Epidemiology., Research Methods in Psychiatry, Editors: Freeman, Tyrer, London, Publisher: Gaskell, Pages: 53-72, ISBN: 978-1-904671-33-6
Behr GM, Ruddock JP, Crawford MJ, 2005, Zero tolerance of violence - Reply, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 187, Pages: 587-587, ISSN: 0007-1250
Patton R, Crawford M, Touquet R, 2005, Hazardous drinkers in the accident and emergency department - who attends an appointment with the alcohol health worker?, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 22, Pages: 722-723, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 10
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