Publications
135 results found
Joffe M, Mindell J, 2003, Congestion charging - Walking classes also need road space reallocation, BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 326, Pages: 884-884, ISSN: 0959-535X
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- Citations: 2
Joffe M, 2003, Invited commentary: The potential for monitoring of fecundity and the remaining challenges, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 157, Pages: 89-93, ISSN: 0002-9262
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- Citations: 27
Joffe M, 2003, Infertility and environmental pollutants, BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN, Vol: 68, Pages: 47-70, ISSN: 0007-1420
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- Citations: 58
Bonde JP, Joffe M, Apostoli P, et al., 2002, Sperm count and chromatin structure in men exposed to inorganic lead: lowest adverse effect levels, OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, Vol: 59, Pages: 234-242, ISSN: 1351-0711
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- Citations: 150
Joffe M, 2002, Myths about endocrine disruption and the male reproductive system should not be propagated., Hum Reprod, Vol: 17, Pages: 520-523, ISSN: 0268-1161
Joffe M, 2002, Myths about endocrine disruption and the male reproductive system should not be propagated, HUMAN REPRODUCTION, Vol: 17, Pages: 520-521, ISSN: 0268-1161
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- Citations: 5
Joffe M, Mindell J, 2002, A framework for the evidence base to support Health Impact Assessment, JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, Vol: 56, Pages: 132-138, ISSN: 0143-005X
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- Citations: 77
Mindell J, Hansell A, Morrison D, et al., 2001, What do we need for robust, quantitative health impact assessment?, JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MEDICINE, Vol: 23, Pages: 173-178, ISSN: 0957-4832
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- Citations: 43
Joffe M, 2001, Effects of multiple exposures to insecticide, LANCET, Vol: 358, Pages: 587-588, ISSN: 0140-6736
Joffe M, Robertson A, 2001, The potential contribution of increased vegetable and fruit consumption to health gain in the European Union, PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION, Vol: 4, Pages: 893-901, ISSN: 1368-9800
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- Citations: 60
Grandjean P, Guillette L, Matthiessen P, et al., 2001, General discussion: Effects of hormone disrupters in man and wildlife, ISSN: 0903-465X
Larsen JC, Grandjean P, Joffe M, et al., 2001, Exposure levels of endocrine disruptors in Nordic countries, ISSN: 0903-465X
A number of different xenobiotic compounds have shown estrogenic, anti-androgenic, or "dioxin-like" (Ah-receptor agonism) activities in vitro as well as adverse reproductive effects in toxicological animal studies. Although human evidence is at best weak for a few compounds, and for most compounds is absent, they have been implicated as potential endocrine disruptors affecting human male reproduction. According to their metabolic properties in mammals these compounds may be divided into two groups. Compounds such as the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and a number of organochlorine pesticides, i.e. DDT/DDE, HCHs, HCB, dieldrin, and toxaphenes, are highly resistant to metabolic degradation in the food chains and accumulate in the human body. Because of this property compounds belonging this group are of the greatest concern. It is not the low daily intake, but the total body burden of the pregnant woman achieved over time that is of importance. Control of emissions to the environment and restrictions in use have significantly decreased human intakes during the last 15-20 years. A number of other compounds, such as bisphenol A, certain phthalates, alkylphenols, and some pesticides in current use have also shown various effects in vitro. These compounds are readily metabolised by mammals and do not accumulate in humans and in most cases fairly high doses are required to produce reproductive effects in animal studies. Most of these compounds have been included in the Danish Food Surveillance System since the early 1980s, and their intakes have been estimated based on Danish Food Consumption Data. For PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs a recent EU SCOOP project have provided up-dated estimates of intakes in various European countries. The presentation will discuss the significance of the human intake levels in relation to the toxicological properties of these compounds. From this exercise it s
Iwamoto T, Hoshino T, Nishida T, et al., 2001, Semen quality of Japanese fertile men: A study of partners of pregnant women, ISSN: 0903-465X
During the recent years conflicting information on possible changes in semen quality has been published. These publications also indicate that geographical differences in semen quality may exist. However, no definitive evidence has been provided and additionally very little information regarding semen quality of Japanese men are available. Therefore, we undertook a cross-sectional study of partners of pregnant women following the same protocol, which has already been used in four European cities. 351 male partners of pregnant women living in the Kawasaki/Yokohama area of Tokyo participated in the study. Of these 232 were recruited from 3 University Hospitals (UH) and 119 were recruited from 2 Private Hospitals (PH). The raw data of the median sperm concentrations were 92.4 (mill/ml) and 99.8 (mill/ml) for the participants from UH and PH respectively. In the analysis of the data the following parameters were taken into account as confounders: men's age, season of year, and abstinence period. We detected a clear seasonal variation in sperm counts with lowest sperm concentration and total sperm count in spring season and highest counts in autumn season with counts in summer and winter seasons being in between. We estimated the semen quality of a "standardised man" (30-year-old, fertile, ejaculation abstinence of 96 hours) for both autumn and spring season. The sperm concentration (mill/ml) for autumn/spring were: UH 89/54 and PH 105/63; for total sperm counts (mill): UH 282/151 and PH 315/169. As in the European study we detected a seasonal variation in sperm counts. However, in our study highest counts were detected in autumn season whereas the highest counts in the European study were detected in winter season. Likewise, the lowest counts were in spring and summer in Japan and Europe respectively. The estimated sperm counts of a "standardised Japanese fertile man" seem to be higher than counts in Denmark (Copenhagen) and France (Paris) but lower t
Sandberg DE, Vena JE, Meyer-Bahlburg HFL, et al., 2001, Endocrine disruptors and children's sex-dimorphic behaviour, ISSN: 0903-465X
Environmental toxicants can modulate endocrine function. Interest has been directed at those chemicals which interact with sex hormone because of their potentially irreversible effects on brain development. Studies on the effects of in utero and lactational exposure to hormone-modulating pollutants have focused on cognitive function. Study objectives included: a) identification of a combination of behaviours that differentiate between boys and girls; and b) determination if early chemical exposure affects variability in sex-dimorphic behaviours. We utilized an established epidemiologic cohort (New York State Angler Cohort Study) assembled to assess the influence of contaminated sport fish consumption on health in adults and their offspring. Children 5 to 11 years of age were targeted. Using a postal questionnaire survey methodology in which a parent served as the informant, 1,112 of 1,692 households contacted (66%) returned completed questionnaires on 1,415 children (52% male, 48% female). Maternal report confirms both pre- and postnatal contaminant exposures: 40% of the mothers consumed sport fish for ≥1 yr and 28% of their offspring ate contaminated fish. Consumption durations do not differentiate respondents from nonrespondents. A discriminant function based upon gender behaviour scale scores was robust in differentiating boys and girls. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that masculine behaviour increased among boys with age and the number of years of maternal sport fish consumption whereas feminine behaviour increased among girls with the duration of breast-feeding. Increased age and previous live-births were associated with more masculine behaviour in the girls. For both sexes, exposure was unrelated to the prevalence of learning problems, non-right handedness, or behavioural problems. Although this study does not rule out differential gender socialization influences, the findings are consistent with an effect of contaminant exposure on sex-dimo
Lynge E, Fink-Gremmels J, Jensen T, et al., 2001, General discussion: Trends in breast cancer, ISSN: 0903-465X
Skakkebæk NE, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Main KM, et al., 2001, Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: An increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects, ISSN: 0903-465X
Numerous reports have recently focused on various aspects of adverse trends in male reproductive health, such as the rising incidence of testicular cancer; low and probably declining semen quality; high and possibly increasing frequencies of undescended testis and hypospadias; and an apparently growing demand for assisted reproduction. Due to specialization in medicine and different ages at presentation of symptoms, reproductive problems used to be analysed separately by various professional groups, e.g. paediatric endocrinologists, urologists, andrologists and oncologists. This article summarizes existing evidence supporting a new concept that poor semen quality, testis cancer, undescended testis and hypospadias are symptoms of one underlying entity, the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), which may be increasingly common due to adverse environmental influences. Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that TDS is a result of disruption of embryonal programming and gonadal development during fetal life. Therefore, we recommend that future epidemiological studies on trends in male reproductive health should not focus on one symptom only, but be more comprehensive and take all aspects of TDS into account. Otherwise, important biological information may be lost.
Swan S, Jørgensen N, Toppari J, et al., 2001, General discussion: Trends in male reproductive disorders, ISSN: 0903-465X
Chiumello G, Guarneri MP, Russo G, et al., 2001, Accidental gynecomastia in children, ISSN: 0903-465X
Any palpable breast tissue in men is abnormal except during: the neonatal period, adolescence and in elderly age. Gynecomastia in prepubertal children may be due to enhanced endogenous oestrogen production, drugs or unknown causes. After the onset of puberty gynecomastia may also be due to a deficiency of testosterone. Young men and boys are particularly sensitive to oestrogens and may develop gynecomastia from exposure to industrial oestrogen, to creams containing oestrogens, to antiandrogens or to unrecognized endocrine substances. Furthermore gynecomastia and others pubertal disorders in males and females may be due to ingestion of food containing oestrogens or oestrogen-like substances; many "epidemics" of gynecomastia among children have been described. Hormones ingested by meat can cause breast enlagement and other deleterious immediate or long term effects. In particular it is a common concern among paediatricians and endocrine specialists that environmental and dietary "contaminants" may interfere with the pubertal development. In the evaluation of all this data we can not ignore the toxic effects of contamination may be having both in the short term but, more particularly, in the long term in terms of morbidity, mortality and therefore social costs.
Joffe M, 2001, Are problems with male reproductive health caused by endocrine disruption?, OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, Vol: 58, Pages: 281-288, ISSN: 1351-0711
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- Citations: 48
Sultan C, Paris F, Terouanne B, et al., 2001, Disorders linked to insufficient androgen action in male children, APMIS, Supplement, Vol: 109, Pages: S114-S123, ISSN: 0903-465X
Virilization of the external genitalia in the male fetus requires testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is formed from testosterone by the action of the enzyme, 5α-reductase type 2 (5αR-2). Mediation of the effects of both testosterone and DHT requires a functional androgen receptor (AR) located in the cytoplasmic compartment of target cells. DHT (or testosterone) binding induces a conformational change which facilitates AR nuclear transport, phosphorylation and dimerization, ultimately regulating of the rate of transcription of androgen-dependent genes. Any event which impairs DHT formation (mutation within the 5αR-2 gene or 5αR-2 inhibitors) or normal function of the AR (mutation in the AR gene, antiandrogens) may result in insufficient androgen action in the male fetus and in subsequent undervirilization in the newborn. Hypospadias may be due to a defect in androgen action due to mutation of the 5αR-2 or of the AR gene. Mutation of unidentified genes is likely to underlie this displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip to the ventral side of the phallus. An aetiological role for environmental chemical products has been postulated, since ethnic as well as geographical differences in the incidence of hypospadias have been noted. Increasing evidence has been gathered indicating that widely used industrial and agricultural chemicals have deleterious effects on normal male sexual differentiation. Cryptorchidism and micropenis may represent an intersex phenotype, even if they are isolated. Aetiological factors include 5αR-2 gene mutation, AR gene mutation or environmental hormonal disruptors. In conclusion, several phenotypes have been attributed to insufficient androgen action during fetal life. Whereas mutations in the 5αR-2 gene and AR gene are natural, attention should be focused on environmental endocrine disruptors that are able to mimic steroid 5α-reductase deficiency or partial androgen insensiti
Sebire N, Jolly M, Harris J, et al., 2001, Maternal obesity and pregnacy outcome: A study of 287,213 pregnancies in London, International Journal of Obesity, Vol: 25, Pages: 1175-1182
Joffe M, Barnes I, 2000, Do parental factors affect male and female fertility?, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 11, Pages: 700-705, ISSN: 1044-3983
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- Citations: 29
Kolstad HA, Bisanti L, Roeleveld N, et al., 2000, Time to pregnancy among male workers of the reinforced plastics industry in Denmark, Italy and The Netherlands, SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH, Vol: 26, Pages: 353-358, ISSN: 0355-3140
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- Citations: 13
Joffe M, 2000, Overview of reproductive epidemiology, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 11, Pages: S147-S147, ISSN: 1044-3983
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- Citations: 1
Joffe M, 2000, Time trends in biological fertility in Britain, LANCET, Vol: 355, Pages: 1961-1965, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 96
Larsen SB, Joffe M, Bonde JP, 1999, [Pesticides and time to pregnancy among Danish farmers]., Ugeskr Laeger, Vol: 161, Pages: 6480-6484, ISSN: 0041-5782
The aim of this study was to examine time to pregnancy among farmers who used pesticides (traditional farmers) and farmers who did not (organic farmers). A total of 904 men, selected from the Danish Ministry of Agriculture lists of traditional and organic farmers, participated in telephone interviews. The participation rate was 84%. Information was collected on "time to pregnancy" for the youngest child, exposure to pesticides and potential confounders. Using the discrete analogue of the Cox Regression Model (including potential confounders: male and female smoking, female age, parity and contraceptive method), the fecundability ratio between traditional farmers using pesticides and organic farmers was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.75-1.40). In the group of farmers who sprayed with pesticides, none of the characteristics related to the use of pesticides could account for the variation in time to pregnancy. No overall effect of pesticides on male fecundability could be demonstrated in this retrospective study among Danish farmers.
Thonneau P, Abell A, Larsen SB, et al., 1999, Effects of pesticide exposure on time to pregnancy - Results of a multicenter study in France and Denmark, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 150, Pages: 157-163, ISSN: 0002-9262
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- Citations: 43
Bonde JP, Joffe M, Giwercman A, et al., 1999, International Symposium on Environment, Life-style and Fertility, Aarhus, Denmark, 7-10 December 1997: Preface, Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Vol: 25, ISSN: 0355-3140
Joffe M, Bisanti L, Apostoli P, et al., 1999, Time to pregnancy and occupational lead exposure. Asclepios., Scand J Work Environ Health, Vol: 25 Suppl 1, Pages: 64-65, ISSN: 0355-3140
Bonde JPE, Joffe M, Danscher G, et al., 1999, Objectives, designs and populations of the European Asclepios study on occupational hazards to male reproductive capability, International Symposium on Environment, Life-Style and Fertility, Publisher: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH, Pages: 49-61, ISSN: 0355-3140
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- Citations: 19
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