Publications
700 results found
Kaura A, Mulla A, Panoulas V, et al., 2019, A PROPENSITY MATCHED ANALYSIS OF INVASIVE VERSUS CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (SENIOR-NSTEMI STUDY), 68th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 1262-1262, ISSN: 0735-1097
Kaura A, Hartley A, Panoulas V, et al., 2019, HSCRP PREDICTS MORTALITY BEYOND TROPONIN IN 102,337 PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN THE UK NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH RESEARCH CRP-RISK STUDY, 68th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 10-10, ISSN: 0735-1097
Kaura A, Panoulas V, Glampson B, et al., 2019, UNEXPECTED INVERTED U-SHAPED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPONIN LEVEL AND MORTALITY EXPLAINED BY REVASCULARIZATION IN BOTH PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (TROP-RISK STUDY), 68th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 1086-1086, ISSN: 0735-1097
Kaura A, Arnold A, Panoulas V, et al., 2019, CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF TROPONIN LEVEL IN 3,121 PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF-TROP STUDY), 68th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 410-410, ISSN: 0735-1097
Thursz M, Kamath PS, Mathurin P, et al., 2019, Alcohol-related liver disease: Areas of consensus, unmet needs and opportunities for further study, JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 70, Pages: 521-530, ISSN: 0168-8278
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- Citations: 58
Ghani R, Gan C, Mullish B, et al., 2019, Prevalence of recurrent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients within a urology service. Introducing the concept of Faecal Microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a treatment modality., Journal of Clinical Urology
Cooke GS, Andrieux-Meyer I, Applegate TL, et al., 2019, Accelerating the elimination of viral hepatitis: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission, The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol: 4, Pages: 135-184, ISSN: 2468-1253
Viral hepatitis is a major public health threat and a leading cause of death worldwide. Annual mortality from viral hepatitis is similar to that of other major infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis. Highly effective prevention measures and treatments have made the global elimination of viral hepatitis a realistic goal, endorsed by all WHO member states. Ambitious targets call for a global reduction in hepatitis-related mortality of 65% and a 90% reduction in new infections by 2030. This Commission draws together a wide range of expertise to appraise the current global situation and to identify priorities globally, regionally, and nationally needed to accelerate progress. We identify 20 heavily burdened countries that account for over 75% of the global burden of viral hepatitis. Key recommendations include a greater focus on national progress towards elimination with support given, if necessary, through innovative financing measures to ensure elimination programmes are fully funded by 2020. In addition to further measures to improve access to vaccination and treatment, greater attention needs to be paid to access to affordable, high-quality diagnostics if testing is to reach the levels needed to achieve elimination goals. Simplified, decentralised models of care removing requirements for specialised prescribing will be required to reach those in need, together with sustained efforts to tackle stigma and discrimination. We identify key examples of the progress that has already been made in many countries throughout the world, demonstrating that sustained and coordinated efforts can be successful in achieving the WHO elimination goals.
Mathurin P, Thursz M, 2019, Endpoints and patient stratification in clinical trials for alcoholic hepatitis, JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 70, Pages: 314-318, ISSN: 0168-8278
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- Citations: 15
Zakaria ZA, Knapp S, Hashem M, et al., 2019, Interleukin 28A.rs12980602 and interleukin 28B.rs8103142 genotypes could be protective against HCV infection among Egyptians, IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH, Vol: 67, Pages: 123-133, ISSN: 0257-277X
Forrest EH, Atkinson SR, Richardson P, et al., 2019, ACG Clinical Guideline for Alcoholic Liver Disease: The MELD Threshold for Corticosteroid Treatment has Yet to be Established., Am J Gastroenterol, Vol: 114, Pages: 175-176
McQuillin A, Thygesen JH, Nyegaard M, et al., 2019, META-ANALYSIS OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE GWAS DATA FROM EUROPEAN SAMPLES ASCERTAINED FROM CLINIC AND POPULATION BASED APPROACHES, 26th World Congress of Psychiatric Genetics (WCPG), Publisher: ELSEVIER, Pages: 1036-1036, ISSN: 0924-977X
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- Citations: 1
Ghani R, Gan C, Mullish B, et al., 2018, Prevalence of recurrent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients within a urology service. Introducing the concept of Faecal Microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a treatment modality., Annual EAU Congress, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: e375-e376, ISSN: 1569-9056
Mohamed Z, Rwegasha J, Kim JU, et al., 2018, The hepatitis C cascade of care in people who inject drugs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Vol: 25, Pages: 1438-1445, ISSN: 1352-0504
The World Health Organisation has recently called for hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination and has identified people who inject drugs (PWID) as a key population to scale‐up screening and linkage to care. This study reports the cascade of care for HCV in PWID attending the largest opioid substitution treatment (OST) clinic in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania. Between February 2011 and March 2016, HCV serology for all PWID registered at the Muhimbili National Hospital OST clinic, Dar‐es‐Salaam were obtained from records. In 2015 consecutive HCV‐seropositive PWID were invited to undergo a clinical evaluation including epidemiological questionnaire, liver stiffness measurement (Fibroscan) and virological analysis (HCV RNA viral load and genotyping). During the study period, 1,350 persons registered at the OST clinic: all had a HCV serology including 409 (30%) positive results. Among the HCV‐seropositive individuals, 207 (51%) were active attenders and 153 (37%) were enrolled for clinical assessment: 141 (92%) were male, median age: 38 years (IQR 34‐41), and 65 (44%) were co‐infected with HIV; 116 patients (76%) had detectable HCV RNA, with genotypes 1a (68%) and 4a (32%); 21 (17%) had clinically significant fibrosis (≥F2) and 6 (5%) had cirrhosis (F4). None were offered HCV treatment. Chronic hepatitis C among PWID enrolled in the OST centre in Dar‐es‐Salaam is frequent, but its continuum of care is insufficient; integration of HCV diagnosis and treatment should form a part of OST intervention in PWID in Tanzania.
McDonald JAK, Mullish BH, Pechlivanis A, et al., 2018, Inhibiting growth of clostridioides difficile by restoring valerate, produced by the intestinal microbiota, Gastroenterology, Vol: 155, Pages: 1495-1507.e15, ISSN: 0016-5085
Background & AimsFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), but there are concerns about its long-term safety. Understanding the mechanisms of the effects of FMT could help us design safer, targeted therapies. We aimed to identify microbial metabolites that are important for C difficile growth.MethodsWe used a CDI chemostat model as a tool to study the effects of FMT in vitro. The following analyses were performed: C difficile plate counts, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and UPLC mass spectrometry bile acid profiling. FMT mixtures were prepared using fresh fecal samples provided by donors enrolled in an FMT program in the United Kingdom. Results from chemostat experiments were validated using human stool samples, C difficile batch cultures, and C57BL/6 mice with CDI. Human stool samples were collected from 16 patients with recurrent CDI and healthy donors (n=5) participating in an FMT trial in Canada.ResultsIn the CDI chemostat model, clindamycin decreased valerate and deoxycholic acid concentrations and increased C difficile total viable counts (TVC) and valerate precursors, taurocholic acid, and succinate concentrations. After we stopped adding clindamycin, levels of bile acids and succinate recovered, whereas levels of valerate and valerate precursors did not. In the CDI chemostat model, FMT increased valerate concentrations and decreased C difficile TVC (94% reduction), spore counts (86% reduction), and valerate precursor concentrations—concentrations of bile acids were unchanged. In stool samples from patients with CDI, valerate was depleted before FMT, but restored after FMT. C difficile batch cultures confirmed that valerate decreased vegetative growth, and that taurocholic acid is required for germination but had no effect on vegetative growth. C difficile TVC were decreased by 95% in mice with CDI given glycerol trivalerate compared to phosphate-buffered sali
Forrest EH, Atkinson SR, Richardson P, et al., 2018, Prevalent acute-on-chronic liver failure and response to corticosteroids in alcoholic hepatitis, JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 69, Pages: 1200-1201, ISSN: 0168-8278
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- Citations: 14
Mullish BH, Pechlivanis A, Barker GF, et al., 2018, Functional microbiomics: evaluation of gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism interactions in health and disease, Methods, Vol: 149, Pages: 49-58, ISSN: 1046-2023
There is an ever-increasing recognition that bile acids are not purely simple surfactant molecules that aid in lipid digestion, but are a family of molecules contributing to a diverse range of key systemic functions in the host. It is now also understood that the specific composition of the bile acid milieu within the host is related to the expression and activity of bacterially-derived enzymes within the gastrointestinal tract, as such creating a direct link between the physiology of the host and the gut microbiota. Coupled to the knowledge that perturbation of the structure and/or function of the gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of a range of diseases, there is a high level of interest in the potential for manipulation of the gut microbiota-host bile acid axis as a novel approach to therapeutics. Much of the growing understanding of the biology of this area reflects the recent development and refinement of a range of novel techniques; this study applies a number of those techniques to the analysis of human samples, aiming to illustrate their strengths, drawbacks and biological significance at all stages. Specifically, we used microbial profiling (using 16S rRNA gene sequencing), bile acid profiling (using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry), bsh and baiCD qPCR, and a BSH enzyme activity assay to demonstrate differences in the gut microbiota and bile metabolism in stool samples from healthy and antibiotic-exposed individuals.
Li W, Salciccioli JD, Marshall D, et al., 2018, Factors influencing global trends in liver-related mortality - an observational study from 1985 to 2015, Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) / Liver Meeting, Publisher: Wiley, Pages: 451A-451A, ISSN: 0270-9139
Ghani R, Mookerjee S, Mullish BH, et al., 2018, Impact on Length of Stay and Antibiotic Use in Allogenic and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Patients Colonized with Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, IDWeek, Publisher: Oxford University Press, ISSN: 2328-8957
Abellona MRU, Mark P, Ladep N, et al., 2018, Elucidating Serum and Urinary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnostic Biomarker Panels: Insight from the United Kingdom and West Africa, Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) / Liver Meeting, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 37A-38A, ISSN: 0270-9139
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- Citations: 1
Argemi J, Massey VL, Cabezas J, et al., 2018, Epigenetic Dysregulation of HNF4α-Dependent Transcriptome in Alcoholic Hepatitis, Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) / Liver Meeting, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 16A-16A, ISSN: 0270-9139
Mathurin P, Dufour J-F, Bzowej NH, et al., 2018, Selonsertib in Combination with Prednisolone for the Treatment of Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial, Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) / Liver Meeting, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 8A-9A, ISSN: 0270-9139
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- Citations: 14
Yusuke S, Njie R, Ndow G, et al., 2018, Development of a simple score based on HBeAg and ALT for selecting patients for HBV treatment in Africa, Journal of Hepatology, Vol: 69, Pages: 776-784, ISSN: 0168-8278
Background & AimsTo eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, it is essential to scale up antiviral treatment through decentralized services. However, access to the conventional tools to assess treatment eligibility (liver biopsy/Fibroscan/HBV DNA) is limited and non-affordable in resource-limited countries. We developed and validated a simple score to easily identify patients in need of HBV treatment in Africa.MethodsAs a reference, we used treatment eligibility determined by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) based on alanine transaminase (ALT), liver histology and/or Fibroscan and HBV DNA. We derived a score indicating treatment eligibility by a stepwise logistic regression using a cohort of chronic HBV infection in The Gambia (n=804). We subsequently validated the score in an external cohort of HBV-infected Africans from Senegal, Burkina Faso, and Europe (n=327).ResultsOut of several parameters, two remained in the final model, namely HBV e antigen (HBeAg) and ALT level, and constituted a simple score (TREAT-B). The score demonstrated a high area under the receiver operating characteristic (0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.91) in the validation set. The score of 2 and above (HBeAg-positive and ALT≥20 U/L or HBeAg-negative and ALT≥40 U/L) had a sensitivity and specificity for treatment eligibility of 85% and 77%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the WHO criteria based on APRI and ALT were 90% and 40%, respectively. ConclusionsThe diagnostic accuracy of a simple score based on HBeAg and ALT for selecting patients for HBV treatment is high and could be useful in African settings.
Lazarus JV, Pericas JM, Colombo M, et al., 2018, Viral hepatitis: "E'' is for equitable elimination, JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 69, Pages: 762-764, ISSN: 0168-8278
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- Citations: 10
Mullish BH, McDonald JAK, Thursz MR, et al., 2018, Antibiotic‐associated disruption of microbiota composition and function in cirrhosis is restored by fecal transplant, Hepatology, Vol: 68, Pages: 1205-1205, ISSN: 0270-9139
Howell J, Atkinson SR, Pinato DJ, et al., 2018, Identification of mutations in circulating cell-free tumor DNA as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 29-29, ISSN: 0815-9319
Forlano R, Giannakeas N, Mullish BH, et al., 2018, Automated Quantitation of Steatosis, Fibrosis and Ballooning Using Machine Learning in Routine Histological Images of Liver Biopsies of Patients with NAFLD, The Liver Meeting, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), Publisher: Wiley, Pages: 971A-972A, ISSN: 0270-9139
Lazarus JV, Safreed-Harmon K, Thursz MR, et al., 2018, The Micro-Elimination Approach to Eliminating Hepatitis C: Strategic and Operational Considerations, SEMINARS IN LIVER DISEASE, Vol: 38, Pages: 181-192, ISSN: 0272-8087
Louvet A, Thursz MR, Kim DJ, et al., 2018, Corticosteroids reduce risk of death within 28 days for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, compared with pentoxifylline or placebo-a meta-analysis of individual data, Gastroenterology, Vol: 155, Pages: 458-468.e8, ISSN: 0016-5085
BACKGROUND & AIMS: We performed a meta-analysis of individual patient data from 11 randomized controlled trials comparing corticosteroids, pentoxifylline, or their combination in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. We compared the effects of the treatments on survival for 28 days or 6 months, and response to treatment based on the Lille model. METHODS: We searched PubMed for randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic therapy for severe alcoholic hepatitis. Our final analysis comprised 11 studies, of 2111 patients. We performed four meta-analyses of the effects of corticosteroids vs. placebo or control, corticosteroids vs. pentoxifylline, corticosteroids and pentoxifylline vs. corticosteroids and placebo or control, and pentoxifylline vs. placebo. In each meta-analysis, the effect of treatment on the primary outcome (overall survival at 28 days, defined as the period from the first day of assigned treatment to 28 days) was estimated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model, stratified by trial. RESULTS: Corticosteroid treatment significantly decreased risk of death within 28 days compared to controls (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.86) or to pentoxifylline (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.95). In multiple imputation and complete case analyses, the effect of corticosteroids compared to controls remained significant. When we compared corticosteroids vs. pentoxifylline, the corticosteroid effect remained significant in the complete case analysis (HR, 0.66; P=.04) but not in multiple-imputation analysis (HR, 0.71; P=.08). There was no difference in 28-day mortality when patients were given a combination of corticosteroids and pentoxifylline vs. corticosteroids alone or between patients given pentoxifylline vs. control. In our analysis of secondary outcomes, we found no significant differences in 6-month mortality when any treatments or controls were compared. Corticosteroids were significantly associated with increased response to therapy compared
, 2018, EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of alcohol-related liver disease, JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Vol: 69, Pages: 154-181, ISSN: 0168-8278
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- Citations: 535
Forrest EH, Atkinson SR, Richardson P, et al., 2018, The long-term prognosis of Alcoholic Hepatitis is poor and independent of disease severity for patients surviving an acute episode (Reply), Journal of Hepatology, Vol: 68, Pages: 1332-1332, ISSN: 0168-8278
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