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@article{Taddei:2020:ije/dyz099,
author = {Taddei, C and Jackson, R and Zhou, B and Bixby, H and Danaei, G and Di, Cesare M and Kuulasmaa, K and Hajifathalian, K and Bentham, J and Bennett, JE and Aekplakorn, W and Cifkova, R and Dallongeville, J and De, Bacquer D and Giampaoli, S and Gudnason, V and Khang, Y-H and Laatikainen, T and Mann, JI and Marques-Vidal, P and Mensah, GA and Müller-Nurasyid, M and Ninomiya, T and Petkeviciene, J and Rodríguez-Artalejo, F and Servais, J and Söderberg, S and Stavreski, B and Wilsgaard, T and Zdrojewski, T and Zhao, D and Stevens, GA and Savin, S and Cowan, MJ and Riley, LM and Ezzati, M},
doi = {ije/dyz099},
journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology},
pages = {173--192},
title = {National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio: an analysis of trends in Asian and Western countries},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz099},
volume = {49},
year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Background:  Although  high-density  lipoprotein  (HDL)  and  non-HDL  cholesterol  have  opposite associations with coronary heart disease (CHD), multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries.Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group.Results: Since ~1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, ~0.4 mmol/Lper decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL  cholesterol  and  a  decline  in  non-HDL  cholesterol,  with  the HDL  cholesterol  increase largest in  New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South  Korea  and  most  Western  countries,  by  as  much  as  ~0.7  per  decade  in  Swiss  men  (equivalent to ~26% decline in CHD risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions:  HDL  cholesterol  has  risen  and  total-to-HDL  cholesterol  ratio  has  declined  in  many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only weak correlation to changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol.
AU  - Taddei,C
AU  - Jackson,R
AU  - Zhou,B
AU  - Bixby,H
AU  - Danaei,G
AU  - Di,Cesare M
AU  - Kuulasmaa,K
AU  - Hajifathalian,K
AU  - Bentham,J
AU  - Bennett,JE
AU  - Aekplakorn,W
AU  - Cifkova,R
AU  - Dallongeville,J
AU  - De,Bacquer D
AU  - Giampaoli,S
AU  - Gudnason,V
AU  - Khang,Y-H
AU  - Laatikainen,T
AU  - Mann,JI
AU  - Marques-Vidal,P
AU  - Mensah,GA
AU  - Müller-Nurasyid,M
AU  - Ninomiya,T
AU  - Petkeviciene,J
AU  - Rodríguez-Artalejo,F
AU  - Servais,J
AU  - Söderberg,S
AU  - Stavreski,B
AU  - Wilsgaard,T
AU  - Zdrojewski,T
AU  - Zhao,D
AU  - Stevens,GA
AU  - Savin,S
AU  - Cowan,MJ
AU  - Riley,LM
AU  - Ezzati,M
DO  - ije/dyz099
EP  - 192
PY  - 2020///
SN  - 1464-3685
SP  - 173
TI  - National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio: an analysis of trends in Asian and Western countries
T2  - International Journal of Epidemiology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz099
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/49/1/173/5535677
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/70179
VL  - 49
ER  -

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