Imperial College London
Alternate

Emeritus ProfessorNigelGooderham

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction

Emeritus Professor of Molecular Toxicology
 
 
 
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Contact

 

n.gooderham Website

 
 
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Location

 

Burlington DanesHammersmith Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Cohen:2019:10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.052,
author = {Cohen, SM and Eisenbrand, G and Fukushima, S and Gooderham, NJ and Guengerich, FP and Hecht, SS and Rietjens, IMCM and Bastaki, M and Davidsen, JM and Harman, CL and McGowen, M and Taylor, SV},
doi = {10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.052},
journal = {Food and Chemical Toxicology},
pages = {192--218},
title = {FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Citrus-derived flavoring ingredients},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.052},
volume = {124},
year = {2019}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - In 2015, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) initiated a re-evaluation of the safety of over 250 natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavoring ingredients. This publication is the first in a series and summarizes the evaluation of 54 Citrus-derived NFCs using the procedure outlined in Smith et al. (2005) and updated in Cohen et al. (2018) to evaluate the safety of naturally-occurring mixtures for their intended use as flavoring ingredients. The procedure relies on a complete chemical characterization of each NFC intended for commerce and organization of each NFC's chemical constituents into well-defined congeneric groups. The safety of the NFC is evaluated using the well-established and conservative threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept in addition to data on absorption, metabolism and toxicology of members of the congeneric groups and the NFC under evaluation. As a result of the application of the procedure, 54 natural flavor complexes derived from botanicals of the Citrus genus were affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under their conditions of intended use as flavoring ingredients based on an evaluation of each NFC and the constituents and congeneric groups therein.
AU  - Cohen,SM
AU  - Eisenbrand,G
AU  - Fukushima,S
AU  - Gooderham,NJ
AU  - Guengerich,FP
AU  - Hecht,SS
AU  - Rietjens,IMCM
AU  - Bastaki,M
AU  - Davidsen,JM
AU  - Harman,CL
AU  - McGowen,M
AU  - Taylor,SV
DO  - 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.052
EP  - 218
PY  - 2019///
SN  - 0278-6915
SP  - 192
TI  - FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Citrus-derived flavoring ingredients
T2  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.052
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30481573
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/66509
VL  - 124
ER  -
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