Imperial College London
Alternate

ProfessorNicholasGrassly

Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health

Prof of Infectious Disease & Vaccine Epidemiology
 
 
 
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Contact

 

n.grassly Website

 
 
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Location

 

1102Sir Michael Uren HubWhite City Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@unpublished{Uzzell:2021:10.1101/2021.05.21.21257547,
author = {Uzzell, CB and Troman, CM and Rigby, J and Mohan, VR and John, J and Abraham, D and Srinivasan, R and Nair, S and Meschke, JS and Elviss, N and Kang, G and Feasey, N and Grassly, NC},
doi = {10.1101/2021.05.21.21257547},
title = {Environmental surveillance for <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi as a tool to estimate the incidence of typhoid fever in low-income populations},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.21.21257547},
year = {2021}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - UNPB
AB  - <jats:p>Background: The World Health Organisation recommends prioritised use of recently prequalified typhoid conjugate vaccines in countries with the highest incidence of typhoid fever. However, representative typhoid surveillance data are lacking in many low-income countries because of the costs and challenges of diagnostic clinical microbiology. Environmental surveillance (ES) of <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Typhi in sewage and wastewater using molecular methods may offer a low-cost alternative, but its performance in comparison with clinical surveillance has not been assessed. Methodology/Principal Findings: We developed a harmonised protocol for typhoid ES and its implementation in communities in India and Malawi where it will be compared with findings from hospital-based surveillance for typhoid fever. The protocol includes methods for ES site selection based on geospatial analysis, grab and trap sample collection at sewage and wastewater sites, and laboratory methods for sample processing, concentration and quantitative PCR to detect <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Typhi. The optimal locations for ES sites based on digital elevation models and mapping of sewage and river networks are described for each community and their suitability confirmed through field investigation. We will compare the prevalence and abundance of <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Typhi in ES samples collected each month over a 12-month period to the incidence of blood culture confirmed typhoid estimated from cases recorded at referral hospitals serving the study areas and community surveys of healthcare seeking for individuals with fever. Significance: If environmental detection of <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Typhi correlates with the incidence of typhoid fever estimated through clinical surveillance, typhoid ES may be a powerful and low-cost tool to estimate the local burden of typhoid fever and support
AU  - Uzzell,CB
AU  - Troman,CM
AU  - Rigby,J
AU  - Mohan,VR
AU  - John,J
AU  - Abraham,D
AU  - Srinivasan,R
AU  - Nair,S
AU  - Meschke,JS
AU  - Elviss,N
AU  - Kang,G
AU  - Feasey,N
AU  - Grassly,NC
DO  - 10.1101/2021.05.21.21257547
PY  - 2021///
TI  - Environmental surveillance for <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi as a tool to estimate the incidence of typhoid fever in low-income populations
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.21.21257547
ER  -
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