Publications
41 results found
Ma S, Boughton O, Karunaratne A, et al., 2016, Synchrotron imaging assessment of bone quality, Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Vol: 14, Pages: 150-160, ISSN: 1559-0119
Bone is a complex hierarchical structure and its principal function is to resist mechanical forces and fracture. Bone strength depends not only on the quantity of bone tissue but also on the shape and hierarchical structure. The hierarchical levels are interrelated, especially the micro-architecture, collagen and mineral components; hence analysis of their specific roles in bone strength and stiffness is difficult. Synchrotron imaging technologies including micro-CT and small/wide angle X-Ray scattering/diffraction are becoming increasingly popular for studying bone because the images can resolve deformations in the micro-architecture and collagen-mineral matrix under in situ mechanical loading. Synchrotron cannot be directly applied in-vivo due to the high radiation dose but will allow researchers to carry out systematic multifaceted studies of bone ex-vivo. Identifying characteristics of aging and disease will underpin future efforts to generate novel devices and interventional therapies for assessing and promoting healthy aging. With our own research work as examples, this paper introduces how synchrotron imaging technology can be used with in-situ testing in bone research.
Aframian A, Boughton OR, Auvinet E, et al., 2015, Patellofemoral pain is a symptom, not a diagnosis, British Medical Journal, Vol: 351, ISSN: 1468-5833
Khatib M, Soukup B, Boughton O, et al., 2015, Plastic Surgery Undergraduate Training: How a Single Local Event Can Inspire and Educate Medical Students, Annals of Plastic Surgery, Vol: 75, Pages: 208-212, ISSN: 0148-7043
Boughton OR, Bernard J, Szarko M, 2015, Odontoid process fractures: the role of the ligaments in maintaining stability. A biomechanical, cadaveric study, SICOT-J, Vol: 1, ISSN: 2426-8887
Aims: We wished to investigate the role of the cervical ligaments in maintaining atlantoaxial stabilityafter fracture of the odontoid process.Methods: We dissected eight fresh-frozen cadaveric cervical spines to prepare the C1 and C2 vertebrae for biomechanicalanalysis. The C1 and C2 blocks were mounted and biomechanical analysis was performed to test the stabilityof the C1-C2 complex after cutting the odontoid process to create an Anderson and D’Alonzo type II fracture thensuccessive division of the atlantoaxial ligaments. Biomechanical analysis of stiffness, expressed as Young’s modulus,was performed under right rotation, left rotation and anterior displacement.Results: The mean Young’s modulus in anterior displacement decreased by 37% when the odontoid process was fractured( p = 0.038, 95% confidence interval 0.04–1.07). The mean Young’s modulus in anterior displacement decreasedproportionally (compared to the previous dissection) by the following percentages when the structures were divided:facet joint capsules (bilateral) 16%, ligamentum flavum 27%, anterior longitudinal ligament 10%. These differencesdid not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05).Discussion: We have found that the odontoid process itself may account for up to 37% of the stiffness of the C1-C2complex and that soft tissue structures account for further resistance to movement. We suggest magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) of the soft tissues in the acute setting of a minimally displaced odontoid process fracture to plan managementof the injury. If the MRI determines that there is associated ligament injury it is likely that the fracture isunstable and we would suggest operative management.
Boughton O, Jones GG, Lavy CBD, et al., 2015, Young, male, road traffic victims: a systematic review of the published trauma registry literature from low and middle income countries, SICOT-J, Vol: 1, ISSN: 2426-8887
– Background: Trauma contributes significantly to the global burden of disease. We analysed publishedtrauma registries to assess the demographics of those most affected in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods: We performed a systematic review of published trauma registry studies according to PRISMA guidelines.We included published full-text articles from trauma registries in low and middle-income countries describing thedemographics of trauma registry patients. Articles from military trauma registries, articles using data not principallyderived from trauma registry data, articles describing patients of only one demographic (e.g. only paediatric patients),or only one mechanism of injury, trauma registry implementation papers without demographic data, review papersand conference proceedings were excluded.Results: The initial search retrieved 1868 abstracts of which 1324 remained after duplicate removal. After screeningthe abstracts, 78 full-text articles were scrutinised for their suitability for inclusion. Twenty three papers from14 countries, including 103,327 patients, were deemed eligible and included for analysis. The median age of traumavictims in these articles was 27 years (IQR 25–29). The median percentage of trauma victims who were male was75 (IQR 66–84). The median percentage of road traffic injuries (RTIs) as a percentage of total injuries caused by traumawas 46 (IQR 21–71).Conclusions: Young, male, road traffic victims represent a large proportion of the LMIC trauma burden. This informationcan inform and be used by local and national governments to implement road safety measures and other strategiesaimed at reducing the injury rate in young males.
Lazic S, Boughton O, Hing C, et al., 2014, Arthroscopic washout of the knee: A procedure in decline, The Knee, Vol: 21, Pages: 631-634, ISSN: 0968-0160
BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a chronic, progressive condition which often requires surgical intervention. The evidence for the benefits of arthroscopic debridement or washout for knee OA is weak and arthroscopy is currently only indicated in the UK if there is a history of mechanical locking of the knee.ObjectivesTo investigate whether there has been any change in the number of arthroscopies performed in the UK since the 2007 NICE guidance on knee arthroscopy and the 2008 Cochrane review of arthroscopic debridement for OA of the knee.MethodsWe interrogated data from the Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES) database with Office of Population Censuses and Surveys-4 (OPSC-4) codes pertaining to therapeutic endoscopic operations in the 60–74 year old and 75 and over age groups.ResultsThe number of arthroscopic knee interventions in the UK decreased overall from 2000 to 2012, with arthroscopic irrigations decreasing the most by 39.6 per 100,000 population (80%). However, the number of arthroscopic meniscal resections increased by 105.3 per 100,000 (230%) population. These trends were mirrored in both the 60–74 and 75 and over age groups.ConclusionsKnee arthroscopy in the 60–74 and 75 and over age groups appears to be decreasing but there is still a large and increasing number of arthroscopic meniscal resections being performed.
Boughton O, Borgulya G, Cecconi M, et al., 2013, A published pharmacogenetic algorithm was poorly predictive of tacrolimus clearance in an independent cohort of renal transplant recipients, BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 76, Pages: 425-431, ISSN: 0306-5251
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- Citations: 30
Boughton O, Borgulya G, Cecconi M, et al., 2012, A Published Pharmacogenetic Algorithm Was Poorly Predictive of Tacrolimus Clearance in An Independent Cohort of Renal Transplant Recipients, Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, Pages: 2-2, ISSN: 0041-1337
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- Citations: 1
Boughton OR, Mackenzie H, 2012, Osteoarthritis of the Trapeziometacarpal Joint (TMJ): A Review of the Literature, Osteoarthritis- Diagnosis, Treatment and Surgery
Soukup B, Bishomun S, Boughton OR, et al., 2012, Improving Undergraduate Orthopedic Surgery Skills and Knowledge in a One Day Course, Medical Science Educator
Boughton O, Adds PJ, Jayasinghe JAP, 2010, The Potential Complications of Open Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery to the Ulnar Neurovascular Bundle and Its Branches: A Cadaveric Study, CLINICAL ANATOMY, Vol: 23, Pages: 545-551, ISSN: 0897-3806
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- Citations: 11
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