Imperial College London
Alternate

DrPierreNouvellet

Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health

Visiting Reader
 
 
 
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Contact

 

p.nouvellet

 
 
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Location

 

UG 11Norfolk PlaceSt Mary's Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Lushasi:2021,
author = {Lushasi, K and Hayes, S and Ferguson, EA and Changalucha, J and Cleaveland, S and Govella, NJ and Haydon, DT and Maganga, S and Mchau, GJ and Mpolya, EA and Mtema, Z and Nonga, HE and Steenson, R and Nouvellet, P and Donnelly, C and Hampson, K},
journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
pages = {2673--2685},
title = {Reservoir dynamics of rabies in Southeast Tanzania and the roles of cross-species transmission and domestic dog vaccination},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/90928},
volume = {58},
year = {2021}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - 1) Understanding the role of different species in the transmission of multi-host pathogens, such as rabies virus, is vital for effective control strategies. Across most of sub-Saharan Africa domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are considered the reservoir for rabies, but the role of wildlife has been long debated. Here we explore the multi-host transmission dynamics of rabies across southeast Tanzania.  2) Between January 2011 and July 2019 data on probable rabies cases were collected in the regions of Lindi and Mtwara. Hospital records of animal-bite patients presenting to healthcare facilities were used as sentinels for animal contact tracing. The timing, location and species of probable rabid animals was used to reconstruct transmission trees to infer who infected whom and the relative frequencies of within-and between-species transmission. 3) During the study, 688 probable human rabies exposures were identified, resulting in 47 deaths. Of these exposures, 389 were from domestic dogs (56.5%) and 262 from jackals  (38.1%). Over the same period 549 probable animal rabies cases were traced: 303 in domestic dogs (55.2%) and 221 in jackals (40.3%). 4) Although dog-to-dog transmission was most commonly inferred (40.5% of transmission events), a third of inferred events involved wildlife-to-wildlife transmission (32.6%) and evidence suggested some sustained transmission chains within jackal populations. 5) A steady decline in probable rabies cases in both humans and animals coincided with the implementation of widespread domestic dog vaccination during the first six years of the study. Following the lapse of this programme dog rabies cases began to increase in one of the northernmost districts. 6) Synthesis and applications: in southeast Tanzania, despite a relatively high incidence of rabies in wildlife and evidence of wildlife-to-wildlife transmission, domestic dogs remain essential to the reservoir of infection. Continued dog vaccination alongside improved surveillance
AU  - Lushasi,K
AU  - Hayes,S
AU  - Ferguson,EA
AU  - Changalucha,J
AU  - Cleaveland,S
AU  - Govella,NJ
AU  - Haydon,DT
AU  - Maganga,S
AU  - Mchau,GJ
AU  - Mpolya,EA
AU  - Mtema,Z
AU  - Nonga,HE
AU  - Steenson,R
AU  - Nouvellet,P
AU  - Donnelly,C
AU  - Hampson,K
EP  - 2685
PY  - 2021///
SN  - 0021-8901
SP  - 2673
TI  - Reservoir dynamics of rabies in Southeast Tanzania and the roles of cross-species transmission and domestic dog vaccination
T2  - Journal of Applied Ecology
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/90928
VL  - 58
ER  -
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