Imperial College London
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Peter Openshaw - Professor of Experimental Medicine

Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute

Proconsul, Professor of Experimental Medicine
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 7594 3854p.openshaw Website CV

 
 
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Assistant

 

Ms Gale Lewis +44 (0)20 7594 0944

 
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Location

 

353Norfolk PlaceSt Mary's Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@inbook{Dayananda:2022:10.1007/82_2022_257,
author = {Dayananda, P and Chiu, C and Openshaw, P},
booktitle = {Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology},
doi = {10.1007/82_2022_257},
editor = {Ahmed and Akira and Casadevall and Galan and Garcia-Sastre and Malissen and Rappuoli},
pages = {1--28},
title = {Controlled human infection challenge studies with RSV.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2022_257},
year = {2022}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - CHAP
AB  - Despite considerable momentum in the development of RSV vaccines and therapeutics, there remain substantial barriers to the development and licensing of effective agents, particularly in high-risk populations. The unique immunobiology of RSV and lack of clear protective immunological correlates has held back RSV vaccine development, which, therefore, depends on large and costly clinical trials to demonstrate efficacy. Studies involving the deliberate infection of human volunteers offer an intermediate step between pre-clinical and large-scale studies of natural infection. Human challenge has been used to demonstrate the potential efficacy of vaccines and antivirals while improving our understanding of the protective immunity against RSV infection. Early RSV human infection challenge studies determined the role of routes of administration and size of inoculum on the disease. However, inherent limitations, the use of highly attenuated/laboratory-adapted RSV strains and the continued evolutionary adaptation of RSV limits extrapolation of results to present-day vaccine testing. With advances in technology, it is now possible to perform more detailed investigations of human mucosal immunity against RSV in experimentally infected adults and, more recently, older adults to optimise the design of vaccines and novel therapies. These studies identified defects in RSV-induced humoral and CD8+ T cell immunity that may partly explain susceptibility to recurrent RSV infection. We discuss the insights from human infection challenge models, ethical and logistical considerations, potential benefits, and role in streamlining and accelerating novel antivirals and vaccines against RSV. Finally, we consider how human challenges might be extended to include relevant at-risk populations.
AU  - Dayananda,P
AU  - Chiu,C
AU  - Openshaw,P
DO  - 10.1007/82_2022_257
EP  - 28
PY  - 2022///
SP  - 1
TI  - Controlled human infection challenge studies with RSV.
T1  - Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2022_257
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35704096
UR  - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/82_2022_257
ER  -
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