Publications
1358 results found
Mandle HB, Jenab M, Gunter MJ, et al., 2024, Inflammation and gut barrier function-related genes and colorectal cancer risk in Western European populations, Mutagenesis, ISSN: 0267-8357
Gut barrier dysfunction and related inflammation are known to be associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated associations of 292 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 27 genes related to endotoxins/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) sensing and tolerance, mucin synthesis, inflammation, and Crohn's disease with colon and rectal cancer risks. Incident CRC cases (N=1,374; colon=871, rectum=503) were matched 1:1 to controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Previously measured serum concentrations of gut barrier function and inflammation biomarkers (flagellin/LPS-specific immunoglobulins and C-reactive protein [CRP]) were available for a sub-set of participants (Ncases=1,001; Ncontrols=667). Forty-two unique SNPs from 19 different genes were associated with serum biomarkers at Punadjusted≤0.05 among controls. Among SNPs associated with a gut permeability score, 24 SNPs were in genes related to LPS sensing and mucin synthesis. Nine out of 12 SNPs associated with CRP were in genes related to inflammation or Crohn's disease. TLR4 was associated with colon cancer at the SNP level (nine SNPs, all Punadjusted≤0.04) and at the gene level (Punadjusted≤0.01). TLR4 rs10759934 was associated with rectal cancer but not colon cancer. Similarly, IL10 was associated with rectal cancer risk at a SNP and gene level (both Punadjusted ≤ 0.01), but not colon cancer. Genes and SNPs were selected a priori therefore we present unadjusted P-values. However, no association was statistically significant after multiple testing correction. This large and comprehensive study has identified gut barrier function and inflammation-related genes possibly contributing to CRC risk in European populations and is consistent with potential etiological links between host genetic background, gut barrier permeability, microbial endotoxemia and CRC development.
Tsai C, Hoque M, Vineis P, et al., 2024, Salinisation of drinking water ponds and groundwater in coastal Bangladesh linked to tropical cyclones, Scientific Reports, Vol: 14, ISSN: 2045-2322
Salinity is a widespread problem along the Asian coast, mainly in reclaimed lands where most people live. These low-lying areas are vulnerable to impacts from tropical cyclone induced storm surges. The role of such surges on the long-term salinity of water resources, particularly the salinisation of drinking water ponds, a key water resource, requires further investigation. Here we show, using high-resolution measurements of pond hydrology and numerical modelling, that episodic inundation events cause the widespread salinisation of surface water and groundwater bodies in coastal areas. Sudden salt fluxes in ponds cause salinity build-up in the underlying sediments and become a source of salinity. Rapid clean-up of drinking ponds immediately after a surge event can significantly minimize these salinity impacts, which are likely to increase under climate change. Our study has implications for coastal land use and water resources management in tropical deltas.
Buralli R, Ribeiro A, Cremonese C, et al., 2024, Cancer mortality and premature deaths among hairdressers in Brazil., Environ Res, Vol: 244
UNLABELLED: Hairdresser is an occupation classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as probably carcinogenic (Group 2A) for lung and bladder cancer, but evidence is accumulating on its association with other cancer types. To our knowledge, this is the first study aimed to compare the cancer mortality and premature mortality between hairdressers and other workers in Brazil. METHODS: In this exploratory study, information on deaths by selected cancers that occurred in Brazil, from 1996 to 2020, among workers aged 20-70y, with identified occupation was gathered from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Sociodemographic characteristics, sex-specific mortality ratio, and Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) were compared between hairdressers, service workers, and general workers. We used logistic regression models to estimate crude (ORC) and adjusted (ORADJ) odds ratios. Models were adjusted by age, educational level, and ethnicity. We also used Poisson regression models to compare the YPLL rates across the occupational groups. RESULTS: From 1996 to 2020, 23 557 deaths occurred among hairdressers, 576 428 among service workers, and 13 332 996 among general workers in Brazil. Higher mortality ORs and YPLL were observed for several types of cancer among hairdressers, compared to service and general workers, especially for women. Hairdressers' mortality was significantly higher among whites, women, younger workers, and those who completed high school. Female hairdressers had significantly higher odds of dying from cancer of the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, and hematological systems, both in crude and adjusted models. For male hairdressers, higher odds were found only for urinary tract and bladder cancer, while other significant associations indicated lower mortality than the comparison groups. YPLL analyses revealed significant premature deaths among Brazilian hairdressers. In women, this was more evident among
Morales-Berstein F, Biessy C, Viallon V, et al., 2024, Ultra-processed foods, adiposity and risk of head and neck cancer and oesophageal adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study: a mediation analysis, European Journal of Nutrition, Vol: 63, Pages: 377-396, ISSN: 0044-264X
Purpose:To investigate the role of adiposity in the associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and head and neck cancer (HNC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.Methods:Our study included 450,111 EPIC participants. We used Cox regressions to investigate the associations between the consumption of UPFs and HNC and OAC risk. A mediation analysis was performed to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in these associations. In sensitivity analyses, we investigated accidental death as a negative control outcome.Results:During a mean follow-up of 14.13 ± 3.98 years, 910 and 215 participants developed HNC and OAC, respectively. A 10% g/d higher consumption of UPFs was associated with an increased risk of HNC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–1.34) and OAC (HR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.47). WHR mediated 5% (95% CI 3–10%) of the association between the consumption of UPFs and HNC risk, while BMI and WHR, respectively, mediated 13% (95% CI 6–53%) and 15% (95% CI 8–72%) of the association between the consumption of UPFs and OAC risk. UPF consumption was positively associated with accidental death in the negative control analysis.Conclusions:We reaffirmed that higher UPF consumption is associated with greater risk of HNC and OAC in EPIC. The proportion mediated via adiposity was small. Further research is required to investigate other mechanisms that may be at play (if there is indeed any causal effect of UPF consumption on these cancers).
Botteri E, Peveri G, Berstad P, et al., 2024, Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, European Journal of Epidemiology, Vol: 39, Pages: 147-159, ISSN: 0393-2990
In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers-including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others-using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95-0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07-1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65-0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.
Longo F, Locatelli F, Del Vecchio M, et al., 2024, Tackling the crisis of the Italian National Health Fund., Lancet Public Health, Vol: 9, Pages: e6-e7
Francavilla A, Ferrero G, Pardini B, et al., 2023, Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk, GUT MICROBES, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1949-0976
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 3
Alcolea J, Donat-Vargas C, Chrysovalantou Chatziioannou A, et al., 2023, Metabolomic signatures of exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and colorectal cancer risk in a Spanish multicentric study (MCC-Spain), Environmental Science and Technology (Washington), Vol: 57, Pages: 19316-19329, ISSN: 0013-936X
We investigated the metabolomic profile associated with exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs)and nitrate in drinking water, and with colorectal cancer risk in 296 cases and 295 controlsfrom the Multi Case-Control Spain project. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conductedin blood samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A variety of univariate and multivariate association analyses wereconducted after data quality control, normalization and imputation. Linear regression andpartial least square analyses were conducted for chloroform, brominated THMs, total THMs,and nitrate among controls, and for case-control status, together with a N-integration modeldiscriminating colorectal cancer cases from controls through interrogation of correlationsbetween the exposure variables and the metabolomic features. Results revealed a total of 568metabolomic features associated with at least one water contaminant or colorectal cancer.Annotated metabolites and pathway analysis suggest a number of pathways as potentiallyinvolved in the link between exposure to these water contaminants and colorectal cancer,including nicotinamide, cytochrome P-450, and tyrosine metabolism. These findings provideinsights into the underlying biological mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated withwater contaminants exposure and colorectal cancer risk. Further research in this area isneeded to better understand the causal relationship and public health implications.
Schmutz A, Matta M, Cairat M, et al., 2023, Mapping the European cancer prevention research landscape: A case for more prevention research funding., Eur J Cancer, Vol: 195
Despite the strong evidence of prevention as a prime defence against the disease, the majority of cancer research investment continues to be made in basic science and clinical translational research. Little quantitative data is available to guide decisions on the choice of research priorities or the allocation of research resources. The primary aim of the mapping of the European cancer prevention research landscape presented in this paper is to provide the evidence-base to inform future investments in cancer research. Using bibliometric data to identify funders that are active in prevention research in Europe and in the world, we have identified that 14% of cancer research papers had a focus on prevention research and those were funded by 16% of all the European cancer research funders. An important finding of our study is the lack of research on primary prevention with primary prevention funders accounting for 25% of European cancer prevention funders, meaning that less than 4% of all European cancer research funders identified show an interest in primary prevention. An additional analysis revealed that 7% of European cancer prevention research papers are categorised as implementation projects, meaning that only 1% of all cancer research publications are implementation research in cancer prevention. This paper highlights that the narrow focus on biology and treatment in Europe needs to be widened to include such areas as primary prevention and secondary prevention and a larger concentration on implementation research. These data can help support a more policy-focused cancer research agenda for individual European governments and charitable and philanthropic organisations and stimulate joining efforts across Europe to create a more systematic and structured approach to cancer prevention.
Lau C-HE, Manou M, Markozannes G, et al., 2023, NMR metabolomic modelling of age and lifespan: a multi-cohort analysis., medRxiv
Metabolomic age models have been proposed for the study of biological aging, however they have not been widely validated. We aimed to assess the performance of newly developed and existing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) metabolomic age models for prediction of chronological age (CA), mortality, and age-related disease. 98 metabolic variables were measured in blood from nine UK and Finnish cohort studies (N ≈ 31,000 individuals, age range 24-86 years). We used non-linear and penalised regression to model CA and time to all-cause mortality. We examined associations of four new and two previously published metabolomic age models, with ageing risk factors and phenotypes. Within the UK Biobank (N≈ 102,000), we tested prediction of CA, incident disease (cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and all-cause mortality. Cross-validated Pearson's r between metabolomic age models and CA ranged between 0.47-0.65 in the training set (mean absolute error: 8-9 years). Metabolomic age models, adjusted for CA, were associated with C-reactive protein, and inversely associated with glomerular filtration rate. Positively associated risk factors included obesity, diabetes, smoking, and physical inactivity. In UK Biobank, correlations of metabolomic age with chronological age were modest (r = 0.29-0.33), yet all metabolomic model scores predicted mortality (hazard ratios of 1.01 to 1.06 / metabolomic age year) and CVD, after adjustment for CA. While metabolomic age models were only moderately associated with CA in an independent population, they provided additional prediction of morbidity and mortality over CA itself, suggesting their wider applicability.
Moirano G, Botta A, Yang M, et al., 2023, Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review., Pathog Glob Health, Pages: 1-15
Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.
Berndt SI, Vijai J, Benavente Y, et al., 2023, Correction: Distinct germline genetic susceptibility profiles identified for common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes., Leukemia, Vol: 37
Zhao Y, Ray A, Broberg K, et al., 2023, Prediagnostic Blood Metal Levels and the Risk of Parkinson′s Disease: A Large European Prospective Cohort, MOVEMENT DISORDERS, ISSN: 0885-3185
Vineis P, 2023, Editorial: Emerging issues in public health, FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH, Vol: 11
Berndt SI, Vijai J, Benavente Y, et al., 2023, Distinct germline genetic susceptibility profiles identified for common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes (vol 36, pg 2835, 2022), LEUKEMIA, ISSN: 0887-6924
Vineis P, Rivoiro C, 2023, 75 years of the NHS in the UK: relevance for today, Politiche Sociali, Vol: 3, Pages: 369-382, ISSN: 2284-2098
We describe the founding aspects of the English National Health Service (NHS), which have characterised its activities and orientations that allowed it to achieve, over the years, significant results in terms of improving health outcomes, fighting inequalities, and guaranteeing equity of access. Particular attention is given to the historical and cultural evolutions that have given rise to problems and critical issues, and that today risk undermining its universalism, as is happening in Italy and other countries with a public health service. The article offers some reflections on the growing expansion of the private sector alongside an institution (the NHS) that guarantees appropriateness and sobriety, and is free from interests other than that of achieving the best possible level of health for individuals and communities. Empirical observations are already beginning to show the negative repercussions on health outcomes and the protection of the most fragile individuals, where the guarantee of public governance is eroded over time by alleged economic unsustainability.
Grigoryan H, Imani P, Sacerdote C, et al., 2023, HSA Adductomics Reveals Sex Differences in NHL Incidence and Possible Involvement of Microbial Translocation, CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION, Vol: 32, Pages: 1217-1226, ISSN: 1055-9965
Vineis P, Gambhir A, 2023, Social inequalities and the environmental crisis: need for an intergenerational alliance Tenth anniversary of Frontiers in Public Health, FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH, Vol: 11
Oosterwegel MJ, Ibi D, Portengen L, et al., 2023, Variability of the human serum metabolome over 3 months in the EXPOsOMICS Personal Exposure Monitoring study, Environmental Science and Technology (Washington), Vol: 57, Pages: 12752-12759, ISSN: 0013-936X
Liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and untargeted metabolomics are increasingly used in exposome studies to study the interactions between nongenetic factors and the blood metabolome. To reliably and efficiently link detected compounds to exposures and health phenotypes in such studies, it is important to understand the variability in metabolome measures. We assessed the within- and between-subject variability of untargeted LC-HRMS measurements in 298 nonfasting human serum samples collected on two occasions from 157 subjects. Samples were collected ca. 107 (IQR: 34) days apart as part of the multicenter EXPOsOMICS Personal Exposure Monitoring study. In total, 4294 metabolic features were detected, and 184 unique compounds could be identified with high confidence. The median intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) across all metabolic features was 0.51 (IQR: 0.29) and 0.64 (IQR: 0.25) for the 184 uniquely identified compounds. For this group, the median ICC marginally changed (0.63) when we included common confounders (age, sex, and body mass index) in the regression model. When grouping compounds by compound class, the ICC was largest among glycerophospholipids (median ICC 0.70) and steroids (0.67), and lowest for amino acids (0.61) and the O-acylcarnitine class (0.44). ICCs varied substantially within chemical classes. Our results suggest that the metabolome as measured with untargeted LC-HRMS is fairly stable (ICC > 0.5) over 100 days for more than half of the features monitored in our study, to reflect average levels across this time period. Variance across the metabolome will result in differential measurement error across the metabolome, which needs to be considered in the interpretation of metabolome results.
Kenkhuis M-F, Klingestijn M, Fanshawe A-M, et al., 2023, Longitudinal associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with body composition in colorectal cancer survivors up to 2 years post treatment, JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Vol: 149, Pages: 4063-4075, ISSN: 0171-5216
Schroers-Martin JG, Soo J, Brisou G, et al., 2023, Tracing Founder Mutations in Circulating and Tissue-Resident Follicular Lymphoma Precursors, CANCER DISCOVERY, Vol: 13, Pages: 1310-1323, ISSN: 2159-8274
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 2
Vineis P, Handakas E, Alfano R, et al., 2023, The contribution to policies of an exposome-based approach to childhood obesity, Exposome, Vol: https://academic.oup.com/exposome/advance-article/doi/10.1093/exposome/osad006/7180277, ISSN: 2635-2265
Childhood obesity is an increasingly severe public health problem, with a prospective impact on health. We propose an exposome approach to identifying actionable risk factors for this condition. Our assumption is that relationships between external exposures and outcomes such as rapid growth, overweight or obesity in children can be better understood through a “meet-in-the-middle” model. This is based on a combination of external and internal exposome-based approaches, i.e. the study of multiple exposures (in our case dietary patterns) and molecular pathways (metabolomics and epigenetics). This may strengthen causal reasoning by identifying intermediate markers that are associated with both exposures and outcomes. Our biomarker-based studies in the STOP consortium suggest (in several ways, including mediation analysis) that Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) could be mediators of the effect of dietary risk factors on childhood overweight/obesity. This is consistent with intervention and animal studies showing that higher intake of BCAAs has a positive impact on body composition, glycemia and satiety. Concerning food, of particular concern is the trend of increasing intake of ultra-processed food (UPF), including among children. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the impact of UPF on obesity and overweight, including nutrient intake (particularly proteins), changes in appetite or the role of additives. Research from the ALSPAC cohort has shown a relationship between UPF intake and trajectories in childhood adiposity, while UPF was related to lower blood levels of BCAAs. We suggest that an exposome-based approach can help strengthening causal reasoning and support policies. Intake of UPF in children should be restricted to prevent obesity.
Mangone L, Sacerdote C, Laine J, et al., 2023, Food, Health, and Mitigation of Climate change in Italy, EPIDEMIOLOGIA & PREVENZIONE, Vol: 47, Pages: 32-38, ISSN: 1120-9763
de' Donato F, Alfano R, Michelozzi P, et al., 2023, The importance of public health in defining climate change policies, EPIDEMIOLOGIA & PREVENZIONE, Vol: 47, Pages: 3-4, ISSN: 1120-9763
Alfano R, de' Donato F, Vineis P, et al., 2023, Lancet Countdown indicators for Italy: tracking progress on climate change and health, EPIDEMIOLOGIA & PREVENZIONE, Vol: 47, Pages: 6-21, ISSN: 1120-9763
Wu WY-Y, Haider Z, Feng X, et al., 2023, Assessment of the EarlyCDT-Lung test as an early biomarker of lung cancer in ever-smokers - A retrospective nested case-control study in two prospective cohorts, International Journal of Cancer, Vol: 152, Pages: 2002-2010, ISSN: 0020-7136
The EarlyCDT-Lung test is a blood-based autoantibody assay intended to identify high-risk individuals for low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the performance of the EarlyCDT-Lung test in ever-smokers. We conducted a nested case-control study within two prospective cohorts to evaluate the risk-discriminatory performance of the EarlyCDT-Lung test using pre-diagnostic blood samples from 154 future lung cancer cases and 154 matched controls. Cases were selected from those who had ever smoked and had a pre-diagnostic blood samples less than 3 years prior to diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between EarlyCDT-Lung test results and lung cancer risk. Sensitivity and specificity of the EarlyCDT-Lung test were calculated in all subjects and subgroups based on age, smoking history, lung cancer stage, sample collection time before diagnosis and year of sample collection. The overall lung cancer odds ratios were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.34-2.30) for a moderate risk EarlyCDT-Lung test result and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.48-2.47) for a high-risk test result compared to no significant test result. The overall sensitivity was 8.4% (95% CI, 4.6-14) and overall specificity was 92% (95% CI, 87-96) when considering a high-risk result as positive. Stratified analysis indicated higher sensitivity (17%, 95% CI, 7.2-32.1) in subjects with blood drawn up to 1 year prior to diagnosis. In conclusion, our study does not support a role of the EarlyCDT-Lung test in identifying the high-risk subjects in ever-smokers for lung cancer screening in the EPIC and NSHDS cohorts.
de la Torre JA, Ronaldson A, Alonso J, et al., 2023, The relationship between air pollution and multimorbidity: Can two birds be killed with the same stone?, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 38, Pages: 349-353, ISSN: 0393-2990
Ciccarelli D, Christopher Braddock D, Surman AJ, et al., 2023, Enhanced selectivity for acidic contaminants in drinking water: From suspect screening to toxicity prediction, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol: 448, Pages: 1-12, ISSN: 0304-3894
A novel analytical workflow for suspect screening of organic acidic contaminants in drinking water is presented, featuring selective extraction by silica-based strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction, mixed-mode liquid chromatography-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), peak detection, feature reduction and compound identification. The novel use of an ammonium bicarbonate-based elution solvent extended strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction applicability to LC-HRMS of strong acids. This approach performed with consistently higher recovery and repeatability (88 ± 7 % at 500 ng L-1), improved selectivity and lower matrix interference (mean = 12 %) over a generic mixed-mode weak anion exchange SPE method. In addition, a novel filter for reducing full-scan features from fulvic and humic acids was successfully introduced, reducing workload and potential for false positives. The workflow was then applied to 10 London municipal drinking water samples, revealing the presence of 22 confirmed and 37 tentatively identified substances. Several poorly investigated and potentially harmful compounds were found which included halogenated hydroxy-cyclopentene-diones and dibromomethanesulfonic acid. Some of these compounds have been reported as mutagenic in test systems and thus their presence here requires further investigation. Overall, this approach demonstrated that employing selective extraction improved detection and helped shortlist suspects and potentially toxic chemical contaminants with higher confidence.
Sara DM, Minelli C, Broccia G, et al., 2023, COVID-19 and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A common susceptibility pattern?, PLOS ONE, Vol: 18, ISSN: 1932-6203
Kliemann N, Rauber F, Levy R, et al., 2023, Food processing and cancer risk in Europe: results from the prospective EPIC cohort study, The Lancet Planetary Health, Vol: 7, Pages: E219-E232, ISSN: 2542-5196
BackgroundFood processing has been hypothesised to play a role in cancer development; however, data from large-scale epidemiological studies are scarce. This study investigated the association between dietary intake according to amount of food processing and risk of cancer at 25 anatomical sites using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.MethodsThis study used data from the prospective EPIC cohort study, which recruited participants between March 18, 1991, and July 2, 2001, from 23 centres in ten European countries. Participant eligibility within each cohort was based on geographical or administrative boundaries. Participants were excluded if they had a cancer diagnosis before recruitment, had missing information for the NOVA food processing classification, or were within the top and bottom 1% for ratio of energy intake to energy requirement. Validated dietary questionnaires were used to obtain information on food and drink consumption. Participants with cancer were identified using cancer registries or during follow-up from a combination of sources, including cancer and pathology centres, health insurance records, and active follow-up of participants. We performed a substitution analysis to assess the effect of replacing 10% of processed foods and ultra-processed foods with 10% of minimally processed foods on cancer risk at 25 anatomical sites using Cox proportional hazard models.Findings521 324 participants were recruited into EPIC, and 450 111 were included in this analysis (318 686 [70·8%] participants were female individuals and 131 425 [29·2%] were male individuals). In a multivariate model adjusted for sex, smoking, education, physical activity, height, and diabetes, a substitution of 10% of processed foods with an equal amount of minimally processed foods was associated with reduced risk of overall cancer (hazard ratio 0·96, 95% CI 0·95–0·9
This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.