Publications
582 results found
Croke K, Yusoff MBM, Abdullah Z, et al., 2019, The political economy of health financing reform in Malaysia, HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING, Vol: 34, Pages: 732-739, ISSN: 0268-1080
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- Citations: 9
Sum G, Salisbury C, Koh GC-H, et al., 2019, Implications of multimorbidity patterns on health care utilisation and quality of life in middle-income countries: cross-sectional analysis, JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2047-2978
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- Citations: 20
Denburg A, Ramirez A, Pavuluri S, et al., 2019, Political Priority and Pathways to Scale-Up of Childhood Cancer Care in Five Nations, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: S213-S214, ISSN: 1545-5009
Rizmie D, Miraldo M, Atun R, et al., 2019, The effect of extreme temperature on emergency admissions across vulnerable populations in England: an observational study, Lancet Public Health Science 2019 Conference, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: S7-S7
BackgroundClimate change poses an unfamiliar challenge to population health and health-systems resilience. Although previous studies have estimated morbidity attributable to heat or cold across cities, we provide, to our knowledge, the first large-scale, population-wide assessment of the effect of extreme temperatures on excess emergency admissions in England and among vulnerable populations, who could be disproportionately affected.MethodsIn this observational study, we combined all daily inpatient admissions during 2001–12 in England with meteorological data using inverse distance weighting. We exploited random daily variation in temperature experienced by hospitals and a 30-day lag period, using a distributed lag model with multiple fixed-effects controlling for seasonal factors, to examine interaction effects across diseases with age and the indices of multiple deprivation.FindingsWe analysed 29 371 084 emergency admissions. A day with temperature above 30°C was associated with 3·5 more admissions per hospital (SE 0·45), relative to a 10–15°C day. This increased to 14·1 excess admissions per hospital (SE 5·56) over the following 30 days, generating 786 excess admissions across England per heatwave day. A day under –5°C generated 3·8 more admissions per hospital (SE 0·33), or 966 excess admissions across England. This increased to 62·3 admissions per hospital (SE 4·83) over the following 30 days. These effects were heterogeneous across age and deprivation level. Populations older than 74 years were up to 8 times more affected by extreme temperatures. Individuals living in low-employment and low-income areas were 2–10 times more likely to be admitted during a temperature shock. These results were statistically significant (p<0·0001) and passed several robustness and falsification tests.InterpretationTo our knowledge, this is the first study to determine heterogene
Tudor Car L, Dhinagaran DA, Kyaw BM, et al., 2019, Conversational Agents in Health Care: Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis (Preprint)
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> <p>Conversational agents, also known as chatbots, are computer programs designed to simulate human text or verbal conversations. They are increasingly used in a range of fields, including health care. By enabling better accessibility, personalization, and efficiency, conversational agents have the potential to improve patient care.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> <p>This study aimed to review the current applications, gaps, and challenges in the literature on conversational agents in health care and provide recommendations for their future research, design, and application.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> <p>We performed a scoping review. A broad literature search was performed in MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Ovid), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database; Ovid), PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central with the search terms “conversational agents,” “conversational AI,” “chatbots,” and associated synonyms. We also searched the gray literature using sources such as the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) WorldCat database and ResearchGate in April 2019. Reference lists of relevant articles were checked for further articles. Screening and data extraction were performed in parallel by 2 reviewers. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> <p>The literature search yielded 47 study reports (45 articles and 2 ongoing clinical trials) tha
Ab Rahman N, Husin M, Dahian K, et al., 2019, Job satisfaction of public and private primary care physicians in Malaysia: analysis of findings from QUALICO-PC, HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH, Vol: 17
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- Citations: 10
Srinivasan S, Ramadi KB, Ippolito A, et al., 2019, Democratizing innovation through grass-roots entrepreneurship: lessons from efforts to address the opioid epidemic in the United States, BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2059-7908
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- Citations: 4
Knaul F, Bhadelia A, Atun R, et al., 2019, Palliative care: an essential facet of universal health coverage, LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 7, Pages: E1488-E1488, ISSN: 2214-109X
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- Citations: 6
Ramadi KB, Srinivasan S, Atun R, 2019, Health diplomacy through health entrepreneurship: using hackathons to address Palestinian-Israeli health concerns (vol 4, e001548, 2019), BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2059-7908
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- Citations: 1
Schroeder SE, Pedrana A, Scott N, et al., 2019, Innovative strategies for the elimination of viral hepatitis at a national level: A country case series, LIVER INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 39, Pages: 1818-1836, ISSN: 1478-3223
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- Citations: 38
Naylor N, Pouwels K, Hope R, et al., 2019, The health and cost burden of antibiotic resistant and susceptible Escherichia coli bacteraemia in the English hospital: a national retrospective cohort study, PLoS ONE, Vol: 14, Pages: 1-19, ISSN: 1932-6203
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance poses a threat to public health and healthcare systems. Escherichia coli causes more bacteraemia episodes in England than any other bacterial species. This study aimed to estimate the burden of E. coli bacteraemia and associated antibiotic resistance in the secondary care setting. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, with E. coli bacteraemia as the main exposure of interest. Adult hospital in-patients, admitted to acute NHS hospitals between July 2011 and June 2012 were included. English national surveillance and administrative datasets were utilised. Cox proportional hazard, subdistribution hazard and multistate models were constructed to estimate rate of discharge, rate of in-hospital death and excess length of stay, with a unit bed day cost applied to the latter to estimate cost burden from the healthcare system perspective. Results: 14,042 E. coli bacteraemia and 8,919,284 non-infected inpatient observations were included. E. coli bacteraemia was associated with an increased rate of in-hospital death across all models, with an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio of 5.88 (95% CI: 5.62 - 6.15). Resistance was not found to be associated with in-hospital mortality once adjusting for patient and hospital covariates. However, resistance was found to be associated with an increased excess length of stay. This was especially true for third generation cephalosporin (1.58 days excess length of stay, 95% CI: 0.84 – 2.31) and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance (1.23 days (95% CI: 0.50 - 1.95)). The annual cost of E. coli bacteraemia was estimated to be £14,346,400 (2012 £), with third-generation cephalosporin resistance associated with excess costs per infection of £420 (95% CI: 220 – 630). Conclusions: E. coli bacteraemia places a statistically significant burden on patient health and the hospital sector in England. Resistance to front-line antibiotics increases length of stay;
Ramadi KB, Atun R, 2019, Health in the Arab world, LANCET, Vol: 394, Pages: 826-827, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 1
Bischops AC, Manne-Goehler J, Jaacks LM, et al., 2019, The prevalence of concurrently raised blood glucose and blood pressure in India: a cross-sectional study of 2035 662 adults, JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, Vol: 37, Pages: 1822-1831, ISSN: 0263-6352
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- Citations: 7
Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, Marcus M-E, et al., 2019, The state of hypertension care in 44 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level data from 1.1 million adults, LANCET, Vol: 394, Pages: 652-662, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 235
Denburg AE, Ramirez A, Pavuluri S, et al., 2019, Political priority and pathways to scale-up of childhood cancer care in five nations, PLOS ONE, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1932-6203
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- Citations: 13
Tudor Car L, Li L, Smith H, et al., 2019, Cochrane review: search strategies to identify observational studies in MEDLINE and EMBASE, Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, Vol: 12, Pages: 225-226, ISSN: 1756-5383
Kehlenbrink S, Jaacks LM, 2019, Diabetes in humanitarian crises: the Boston Declaration, LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY, Vol: 7, Pages: 590-592, ISSN: 2213-8587
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- Citations: 14
Castro M, Massuda A, Almeida G, et al., 2019, Brazil's unified health system: the first 30 years and prospects for the future, Lancet, Vol: 394, Pages: 345-356, ISSN: 0140-6736
In 1988, Brazilian Constitution definedhealth as a universal right and stateresponsibility. Progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) has been achievedthrough a Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS)which was created in 1990. Withsuccesses and setbacksin the implementation of health programmes and organization of its health system, Brazil has achieved nearly-universal access to health servicesfor her citizens. Thetrajectory of the development and expansion of the SUS offers valuable lessons on how to scale UHC in a health system in a highly-unequal country and relatively low resources. Theanalysis of the 30 years since the inception of SUS shows that innovations in the Brazilian health system extendbeyond the development of new models of care and highlightsthe importance of establishing political, legal, organizational and management-related structures, and the role of the federal and local governmentsin the governance, planning, financing, and provision of health services. Theexpansion of SUS has allowed Brazilto rapidly address the changing health needs, withdramatic scaling up health service coverage in justthree decades. However, despite its successes, analysis of future scenarios suggests the urgent need to address lingering geographic inequalities, insufficient funding, and the suboptimal private-public collaboration. Recent fiscal policies that ushered austerity measures, environmental, educational and health policies of the new administraion introduced in Brazilcould reverse the hard-earned achievements of the SUS and threaten itssustainability and its ability to fulfilits constitutional mandate of providing‘health for all’.
Panch T, Pearson-Stuttard J, Greaves F, et al., 2019, Artificial intelligence: opportunities and risks for public health (vol 1, pg e13, 2019), LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH, Vol: 1, Pages: E113-E113
Tirgil A, Dickens WT, Atun R, 2019, Effects of expanding a non-contributory health insurance scheme on out-of-pocket healthcare spending by the poor in Turkey, BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2059-7908
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- Citations: 11
Rodin D, Burger EA, Atun R, et al., 2019, Scale-up of radiotherapy for cervical cancer in the era of human papillomavirus vaccination in low-income and middle-income countries: a model-based analysis of need and economic impact, LANCET ONCOLOGY, Vol: 20, Pages: 915-923, ISSN: 1470-2045
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- Citations: 39
Frank SM, Webster J, McKenzie B, et al., 2019, Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables Among Individuals 15 Years and Older in 28 Low- and Middle-Income Countries, JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, Vol: 149, Pages: 1252-1259, ISSN: 0022-3166
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- Citations: 50
Ward ZJ, Yeh JM, Bhakta N, et al., 2019, Global childhood cancer survival estimates and priority-setting: a simulation-based analysis, LANCET ONCOLOGY, Vol: 20, Pages: 972-983, ISSN: 1470-2045
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- Citations: 89
Ramadi K, Srinavasan S, Atun R, 2019, Health diplomacy through health entrepreneurship: using hackathons to address Palestinian-Israeli health concerns, BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2059-7908
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- Citations: 13
Radunsky A, Weinstein J, Geoffroy E, et al., 2019, "Once their wives are OK ... they have no disease:" men infer HIV status from partner's results: Qualitative insights into male HIV testing in rural Malawi, Publisher: JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, Pages: 14-14
Kim J, Keshavjee S, Atun R, 2019, Health systems performance in managing tuberculosis: analysis of tuberculosis care cascades among high-burden and non-high-burden countries, JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2047-2978
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- Citations: 12
Haacker M, Baernighausen T, Atun R, 2019, HIV and the growing health burden from noncommunicable diseases in Botswana: modelling study, JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2047-2978
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- Citations: 16
Wilson ML, Atun R, DeStigter K, et al., 2019, The <i>Lancet</i> Commission on diagnostics: advancing equitable access to diagnostics, LANCET, Vol: 393, Pages: 2018-2020, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 20
Prenissl J, Jaacks LM, Mohan V, et al., 2019, Variation in health system performance for managing diabetes among states in India: a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 15 to 49years, BMC MEDICINE, Vol: 17, ISSN: 1741-7015
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- Citations: 35
Panch T, Pearson-Stuttard J, Greaves F, et al., 2019, Artificial intelligence: opportunities and risks for public health, The Lancet Digital Health, Vol: 1, Pages: e13-e14, ISSN: 2589-7500
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