Publications
71 results found
Wilson H, Shah I, Abel P, et al., 2015, Contemporary hormone therapy with LHRH agonists for prostate cancer: avoiding osteoporosis and fracture, Central European Journal of Urology, Vol: 68, Pages: 165-168
Goetz AJ, Griesshaber E, Abel R, et al., 2014, Tailored order: The mesocrystalline nature of sea urchin teeth, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol: 10, Pages: 3885-3898, ISSN: 1742-7061
Fletcher A, Pearson J, Molleson T, et al., 2014, Beneath the surface: imaging techniques and the Jericho Skull, Regarding the Dead Human Remains in the British Museum, Editors: Fletcher, Antoine, Hill, Publisher: British Museum Publications Limited, ISBN: 9780861591978
A key publication on the British Museum's approach to the ethical issues surrounding the inclusion of human remains in museum collections and possible solutions to the dilemmas relating to their curation, storage, access management and ...
Fletcher A, Pearson J, Molleson T, et al., 2014, Beneath the surface: imaging techniques and the Jericho Skull, Regarding the Dead Human Remains in the British Museum, Publisher: British Museum Publications Limited, ISBN: 9780861591978
A key publication on the British Museum's approach to the ethical issues surrounding the inclusion of human remains in museum collections and possible solutions to the dilemmas relating to their curation, storage, access management and ...
Abel RL, Prime M, Jin A, et al., 2013, 3D Imaging Bone Quality: Bench to Bedside, Hard Tissue, Vol: 2, ISSN: 2050-2303
IntroductionMeasuring the health of bone is important for understanding the pathogenesis, progression, diagnosis and treatment outcomes for fragility. At present the most common method for measuring bone health in a clinical setting is to assess skeletal mass. The current gold standard is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) which models bones as 2D objects and measures areal bone mineral density (BMD). However, BMD only accounts for 50% of bone strength and the technique ignores other important factors such as cortical geometry and trabecular architecture, which are also significant contributors. Consequently a new concept of ‘bone quality’ has developed the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility. As yet though, a suitable non-invasive method has not been developed for measuring quality in living patients. The aim of this paper is to discuss how bone quality might be visualised, quantified and applied in a clinical setting.DiscussionThe most useful imaging techniques are likely to be clinical-CT and MRI. Both modalities have been used successfully to characterise bone macro-structure in 3D e.g. volume fraction and orientation. More recently in vivo systems with high resolution (~0.100–0.200 mm) have been developed that can capture some aspects of bone micro-architecture. Alternatively 3D models created using clinical-CT and MRI can be used to virtually simulate loading on a computer and calculate bone mechanical properties. Analysed together these morphological and mechanical data sets might allow clinicians to provide screening programmes for osteoporosis and calculate individual fracture risk. Especially if applied as part of a holistic approach utilising patient meta-data on risk factors for metabolic bone disease (e.g. FRAX). As well as improve primary and secondary care by setting treat to target criteria for pharmacological therapies and planning surgical interventions or following up treatment outcomes.In the short t
Shah SIA, Langley RE, Cafferty FH, et al., 2013, Fracture after androgen deprivation therapy among men with a high baseline risk of skeletal complications, BJU INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 112, Pages: E431-E432, ISSN: 1464-4096
Needham AW, Abel RL, Tomkinson T, et al., 2013, Martian subsurface fluid pathways and 3D mineralogy of the Nakhla meteorite, GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, Vol: 116, Pages: 96-110, ISSN: 0016-7037
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- Citations: 20
Howard LE, Holmes WM, Ferrando S, et al., 2013, Functional nasal morphology of chimaerid fishes, Journal of Morphology, Vol: 274, Pages: 987-1009, ISSN: 0362-2525
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Holocephalans (chimaeras) are a group of marine fishes comprising three families: the Callorhinchidae (callorhinchid fishes), the Rhinochimaeridae (rhinochimaerid fishes) and the Chimaeridae (chimaerid fishes). We have used X‐ray microcomputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to characterise in detail the nasal anatomy of three species of chimaerid fishes: <jats:italic>Chimaera monstrosa</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. phantasma</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Hydrolagus colliei</jats:italic>. We have shown that the nasal chamber of these three species is linked to the external environment by an incurrent channel and to the oral cavity by an excurrent channel via an oral groove. A protrusion of variable morphology is present on the medial wall of the incurrent channel in all three species, but is absent in members of the two other holocephalan families that we inspected. A third nasal channel, the lateral channel, functionally connects the incurrent nostril to the oral cavity, by‐passing the nasal chamber. From anatomical reconstructions, we have proposed a model for the circulation of water, and therefore the transport of odorant, in the chimaerid nasal region. In this model, water could flow through the nasal region via the nasal chamber or the lateral channel. In either case, the direction of flow could be reversed. Circulation through the entire nasal region is likely to be driven primarily by the respiratory pump. We have identified several anatomical features that may segregate, distribute, facilitate and regulate flow in the nasal region and have considered the consequences of flow reversal. The non‐sensory cilia lining the olfactory sensory channels appear to be mucus‐propelling, suggesting that these cilia have a common protective role in cartilaginous fishes (sharks, rays and chimaeras). The nasal region of chimaerid fishes shows at least two adaptations t
Walsh SA, Iwaniuk AN, Knoll MA, et al., 2013, Avian Cerebellar Floccular Fossa Size Is Not a Proxy for Flying Ability in Birds, PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e67176-e67176
Rygg BA, 2013, A Computational Study of the Hydrodynamics in the Nasal Region of a Hammerhead Shark (<italic>Sphyrna tudes</italic>): Implications for Olfaction, PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e59783-e59783
<p>The hammerhead shark possesses a unique head morphology that is thought to facilitate enhanced olfactory performance. The olfactory chambers, located at the distal ends of the cephalofoil, contain numerous lamellae that increase the surface area for olfaction. Functionally, for the shark to detect chemical stimuli, water-borne odors must reach the olfactory sensory epithelium that lines these lamellae. Thus, odorant transport from the aquatic environment to the sensory epithelium is the first critical step in olfaction. Here we investigate the hydrodynamics of olfaction in <italic>Sphyrna tudes</italic> based on an anatomically-accurate reconstruction of the head and olfactory chamber from high-resolution micro-CT and MRI scans of a cadaver specimen. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of water flow in the reconstructed model reveal the external and internal hydrodynamics of olfaction during swimming. Computed external flow patterns elucidate the occurrence of flow phenomena that result in high and low pressures at the incurrent and excurrent nostrils, respectively, which induces flow through the olfactory chamber. The major (prenarial) nasal groove along the cephalofoil is shown to facilitate sampling of a large spatial extent (i.e., an extended hydrodynamic “reach”) by directing oncoming flow towards the incurrent nostril. Further, both the major and minor nasal grooves redirect some flow away from the incurrent nostril, thereby limiting the amount of fluid that enters the olfactory chamber. Internal hydrodynamic flow patterns are also revealed, where we show that flow rates within the sensory channels between olfactory lamellae are passively regulated by the apical gap, which functions as a partial bypass for flow in the olfactory chamber. Consequently, the hammerhead shark appears to utilize external (major and minor nasal grooves) and internal (apical gap) flow regulation mechanisms to limit water flow between the olfactory
Abel RL, Shah SIA, Langley RE, et al., 2013, Fracture after androgen deprivation therapy among men with a high baseline risk of skeletal complications, BJUI, Vol: 112, Pages: E431-E433
Robson Brown K, Corp N, Abel RL, 2012, Acquiring microstructural data for the La Ferrassie infant neanderthal vertebrae using micro-computed tomography, Pleistocene Databases - Acquisition, Storing, Sharing, Publisher: Wissenschaftliche Schriften des Neanderthal Museums
Elangovan P, Hezel DC, Howard L, et al., 2012, PhaseQuant: A Tool for Quantifying Tomographic Data Sets of Geological Specimens, Computers and Geosciences
Reissis D, Abel RL, 2012, Development of fetal trabecular micro-architecture in the humerus and femur, Journal of Anatomy, Vol: 220, Pages: 496-503
Hezel DC, Elangovan P, Viehmann S, et al., 2012, Visualisation and quantification of CVchondrite petrography using micro-tomography, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Richards CS, Simonsen TJ, Abel RL, et al., 2012, Virtual forensic entomology: Improving estimates of minimum postmortem interval with 3D micro-computed tomography, Forensic Science International
Paredes UM, Prys-Jones R, Adams M, et al., 2012, Micro-CT X-rays do not fragment DNA in preserved bird skins., Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research
Needham AW, Abel RL, Tomkinson T, et al., 2012, Martian subsurface fluid pathways and 3D mineralogy of the Nakhla meteorite, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Abel RL, Laurini C, Richter M, 2012, A biologist's guide to ‘virtual’ micro-CT preparation, Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol: 15, Pages: 1-16
Howard L, Elangovan P, Dominy S, et al., 2011, Characterisation of gold ores by x-ray computed tomography Part 1: Software for calibration and quantification of mineralogical phases, First AusIMM International Geometallurgy Conference
Howard LE, Elangovan P, Dominy SC, et al., 2011, Characterisation of gold ores by X-ray computed tomography - Part 1: Software for calibration and quantification of mineralogical phases, GeoMet
Dominy SC, Platten IM, Howard LE, et al., 2011, Characterisation of gold ores by x-ray computed tomography - Part 2: Applications to the determination of gold particle size and distribution, First AusIMM International Geometallurgy Conference
Abel RL, Parfitt SA, Ashton NM, et al., 2011, Digital preservation and dissemination of ancient lithic technology with modern micro-CT, Computers and Graphics - UK, Vol: 35, Pages: 878-884
Hezel DC, Elangovan P, Abel RL, et al., 2011, 3D STRUCTURE OF CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES, 74th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: A95-A95, ISSN: 1086-9379
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- Citations: 1
Porro LB, Butler RJ, Barrett PM, et al., 2011, New heterodontosaurid specimens from the Lower Jurassic of southern Africa and the early ornithischian dinosaur radiation, Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Vol: 101, Pages: 351-366
Holmes WM, Cotton R, Xuan VB, et al., 2011, Three-dimensional structure of the nasal passageway of a hagfish and its implications for olfaction, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A - Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol: 294, Pages: 1045-1056
Barrett P, Butler R, Gower D, et al., 2011, POSTCRANIAL SKELETAL PNEUMATICITY AND THE EVOLUTION OF ARCHOSAUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS, Publisher: SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY, Pages: 66-67, ISSN: 0272-4634
Abel R, Macho GA, 2011, Ontogenetic changes in the internal and external morphology of the ilium in modern humans., Journal of Anatomy, Vol: 218, Pages: 324-335, ISSN: 1469-7580
Trabecular architecture forms an important structural component of bone and, depending on the loading conditions encountered during life, is organised in a systematic, bone- and species-specific manner. However, recent studies suggested that gross trabecular arrangement (e.g. density distribution), like overall bone shape, is predetermined and/or affected by factors other than loading and perhaps less plastic than commonly assumed. To explore this issue further, the present cross-sectional ontogenetic study investigated morphological changes in external bone shape in relation to changes in trabecular bundle orientation and anisotropy. Radiographs of 73 modern human ilia were assessed using radiographic and Geometric Morphometric techniques. The study confirmed the apparently strong predetermination of trabecular bundle development, i.e. prior to external loading, although loading clearly also had an effect on overall morphology. For example, the sacro-pubic bundle, which follows the path of load transmission from the auricular surface to the acetabulum, is well defined and shows relatively high levels of anisotropy from early stages of development; the situation for the ischio-iliac strut is similar. However, while the sacro-pubic strut retains a constant relationship with the external landmarks defining the joint surfaces, the ischio-iliac bundle changes its relationship with the external landmarks and becomes aligned with the iliac tubercle only during late adolescence/early adulthood. It is tentatively proposed that the rearrangement of the ischio-iliac strut may reflect a change in locomotor pattern and/or a shift in positional behavior with increasing mass after growth of external bone dimensions has slowed/ceased.
Roche RC, Abel RL, Johnson KG, et al., 2011, Quantification of porosity in Acropora pulchra (Brook 1891) using X-ray micro-computed tomography techniques, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Vol: 396, Pages: 1-9
Roche R, Abel R, Johnson K, et al., 2011, Spatial variation in porosity and skeletal element characteristics in apical tips of the branching coral Acropora pulchra (Brook 1891), Coral Reefs, Vol: 30, Pages: 195-201-195-201, ISSN: 0722-4028
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