ProfessorJ SimonKroll

Li MS, Farrant JL, Langford PR, Kroll JSet al., 2003, Identification and characterization of genomic loci unique to the Brazilian purpuric fever clonal group of <i>H-influenzae</i> biogroup aegyptius:: functionality explored using meningococcal homology, MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Vol: 47, Pages: 1101-1111, ISSN: 0950-382X

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• Citations: 18

Cash P, Kroll JS, 2003, Protein characterization by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis., Methods Mol Med, Vol: 71, Pages: 101-118, ISSN: 1543-1894

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, 2002, 3 UK Patent Appl. Bacterial Virulence Genes

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Public Health Laboratory Service;, Public Health Medicine Environmental Group;, Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health, 2002, Guidelines for public health management of meningococcal disease in the UK., Commun Dis Public Health, Vol: 5, Pages: 187-204, ISSN: 1462-1843

Following changes in the epidemiology of meningococcal disease, the advent of new vaccines, and with new evidence on risk and control measures, the Public Health Laboratory Service Meningococcus Forum set up a Working Group to review the guidance for control measures in the UK. This review is based on available evidence, and recommendations are graded according to the level of evidence on which they are based. These guidelines cover pre-admission management, investigation of suspected cases, the role of public health, public health action after a single case, prophylaxis in healthcare settings, and management of clusters. Detailed revised recommendations are presented on the use of antibiotics before admission to hospital, the rationale and indications for chemoprophylaxis, and the use of new vaccines. Links to relevant websites are included.

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Kroll JS, Farrant JL, Tyler S, Coulthart MB, Langford PRet al., 2002, Characterisation and genetic organisation of a 24-MDa plasmid from the Brazilian Purpuric Fever clone of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> biogroup aegyptius, PLASMID, Vol: 48, Pages: 38-48, ISSN: 0147-619X

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• Citations: 9

Maiden MCJ, Stuart JM, UK Meningococcal Carraige Group, 2002, Carriage of serogroup C meningococci 1 year after meningococcal C conjugate polysaccharide vaccination., Lancet, Vol: 359, Pages: 1829-1831, ISSN: 0140-6736

The UK was the first place to introduce meningococcal serogroup C conjugate (MCC) vaccines. From November, 1999, all people younger than 18 years, about 14 million individuals, were offered MCC immunisation. The uptake rate was more than 70% by November, 2000. We compared the carriage of meningococci in isolates we obtained from 14,064 students aged 15-17 years during vaccination in 1999, with those from 16,583 students of the same age surveyed 1 year later. Carriage of serogroup C meningococci was reduced by 66% (p=0.004). Our results show that MCC vaccines protect against carriage of meningococci that express serogroup C polysaccharide capsules.

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Sansone A, Watson PR, Wallis TS, Langford PR, Kroll JSet al., 2002, The role of two periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutases in the virulence of <i>Salmonella choleraesuis</i>, MICROBIOLOGY-SGM, Vol: 148, Pages: 719-726, ISSN: 1350-0872

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• Citations: 44

Bossé JT, Janson H, Sheehan BJ, Beddek AJ, Rycroft AN, Kroll JS, Langford PRet al., 2002, <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>:: pathobiology and pathogenesis of infection, MICROBES AND INFECTION, Vol: 4, Pages: 225-235, ISSN: 1286-4579

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• Citations: 283

Sansone A, Watson PR, Wallis TS, Langford PR, Kroll JSet al., 2002, The role of two periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutases in the virulence of Salmonella choleraesuis, Microbiology, Vol: 148, Pages: 719-726, ISSN: 1350-0872

Periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutases ([Cu,Zn]-SODs, SodC) of several Gram-negative pathogens can protect against superoxide-radical-mediated host defences, and thus contribute to virulence. This role has been previously defined for one [Cu,Zn]-SOD in various Salmonella serovars. Following the recent discovery of a second periplasmic [Cu,Zn]-SOD in Salmonella, the effect of knockout mutations in one or both of the original sodC-1 and the new sodC-2 on the virulence of the porcine pathogen Salmonella choleraesuis is investigated here. In comparison to wild-type, while sodC mutants - whether single or double - showed no impairment in growth, they all showed equally enhanced sensitivity to superoxide and a dramatically increased sensitivity to the combination of superoxide and nitric oxide in vitro. This observation had its correlate in experimental infection both ex vivo and in vivo. Mutation of sodC significantly impaired survival of S. choleraesuis in interferon γ-stimulated murine macrophages compared to wild-type organisms, and all S. choleraesuis sodC mutants persisted in significantly lower numbers than wild-type in BALB/c (Itys) and C3H/HeN (Ityr) mice after experimental infection, but in no experimental system were sodC-1 sodC-2 double mutants more attenuated than either single mutant. These data suggest that both [Cu,Zn]-SODs are needed to protect bacterial periplasmic or membrane components. While SodC plays a role in S. choleraesuis virulence, the data presented here suggest that this is through overcoming a threshold-effect, probably achieved by acquisition of sodC-1 on a bacteriophage. Loss of either sodC gene confers maximum vulnerability to superoxide on S. choleraesuis.

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• Citations: 43

Langford PR, Sheehan BJ, Shaikh T, Kroll JSet al., 2002, Active copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase in the cryptic genospecies of <i>Haemophilus</i> causing urogenital and neonatal infections discriminates them from <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> sensu stricto, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Vol: 40, Pages: 268-270, ISSN: 0095-1137

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• Citations: 13

Langford PR, Sansone A, Valenti P, Battistoni A, Kroll JSet al., 2002, Bacterial superoxide dismutase and virulence, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, Vol: 349, Pages: 155-166, ISSN: 0076-6879

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• Citations: 12

Ali TR, Kroll JS, Langford PR, 2002, Haemophilus influenzae microarrays: virulence and vaccines, Comp Funct Genomics, Vol: 3, Pages: 358-361, ISSN: 1531-6912

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Li MS, Kroll JS, Yu J, 2001, Influence of the <i>yihE</i> gene of <i>Shigella flexneri</i> on global gene expression:: On analysis using DNA arrays, BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 288, Pages: 91-100, ISSN: 0006-291X

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• Citations: 10

Yu J, Oragui EE, Stephens A, Kroll JS, Venkatesan MMet al., 2001, Inactivation of DsbA alters the behaviour of <i>Shigella flexneri</i> towards murine and human-derived macrophage-like cells, FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Vol: 204, Pages: 81-88, ISSN: 0378-1097

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• Citations: 9

Yu J, Oragui EE, Stephens A, Kroll JS, Venkatesan MMet al., 2001, Inactivation of DsbA alters the behaviour of<i>Shigella flexneri</i>towards murine and human-derived macrophage-like cells, FEMS Microbiology Letters, Vol: 204, Pages: 81-88, ISSN: 0378-1097

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Battistoni A, Pacello F, Mazzetti AP, Capo C, Kroll JS, Langford PR, Sansone A, Donnarumma G, Valenti P, Rotilio Get al., 2001, A histidine-rich metal binding domain at the N terminus of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutases from pathogenic bacteria, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol: 276, Pages: 30315-30325, ISSN: 0021-9258

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• Citations: 54

Pacello F, Langford PR, Kroll JS, Indiani C, Smulevich G, Desideri A, Rotilio G, Battistoni Aet al., 2001, A novel heme protein, the Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase from <i>Haemophilus ducreyi</i>, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol: 276, Pages: 30326-30334, ISSN: 0021-9258

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• Citations: 27

Stuart JM, Gilmore AB, Ross A, Patterson W, Kroll JS, Kaczmarski EB, MacQueen S, Keady P, Monk P, PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centeret al., 2001, Preventing secondary meningococcal disease in health care workers: recommendations of a working group of the PHLS meningococcus forum., Commun Dis Public Health, Vol: 4, Pages: 102-105, ISSN: 1462-1843

Based on new data on the risk of secondary meningococcal disease in health care workers, a review of published cases and an assessment of the available evidence, a change to the recommendations for giving chemoprophylaxis to health care workers in England and Wales is proposed. Previous guidance recommended prophylaxis only for those who had given mouth to mouth resuscitation. Chemoprophylaxis is now recommended for health care workers whose mouth or nose has been directly and heavily exposed to respiratory droplets/secretions from a case of meningococcal disease around the time of hospital admission. Wearing surgical face masks is encouraged to reduce risk of exposure.

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Webb SAR, Langford PR, Kroll JS, 2001, A promoter probe plasmid based on green fluorescent protein: a strategy for studying meningococcal gene expression, Pages: 663-677, ISBN: 9780896038493

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Yu J, Edwards-Jones B, Neyrolles O, Kroll JSet al., 2000, Key role for DsbA in cell-to-cell spread of <i>Shigella flexneri</i>, permitting secretion of Ipa proteins into interepithelial protrusions, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Vol: 68, Pages: 6449-6456, ISSN: 0019-9567

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• Citations: 30

Pesce A, Battistoni A, Stroppolo ME, Polizio F, Nardini M, Kroll JS, Langford PR, O'Neill P, Sette M, Desideri A, Bolognesi Met al., 2000, Functional and crystallographic characterization of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase coded by the <i>sodCI</i> virulence gene, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Vol: 302, Pages: 465-478, ISSN: 0022-2836

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• Citations: 43

Sheehan BJ, Langford PR, Rycroft AN, Kroll JSet al., 2000, [Cu,Zn]-superoxide dismutase mutants of the swine pathogen <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> are unattenuated in infections of the natural host, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Vol: 68, Pages: 4778-4781, ISSN: 0019-9567

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• Citations: 30

Mohan UR, Walters S, Kroll JS, 2000, Endocarditis due to group A β-hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in children with potentially lethal sequelae:: 2 cases and review, CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 30, Pages: 624-625, ISSN: 1058-4838

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• Citations: 9

Forest KT, Langford PR, Kroll JS, Getzoff EDet al., 2000, Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase structure from a microbial pathogen establishes a class with a conserved dimer interface, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Vol: 296, Pages: 145-153, ISSN: 0022-2836

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• Citations: 44

Yu J, Kroll JS, 1999, DsbA: a protein-folding catalyst contributing to bacterial virulence, MICROBES AND INFECTION, Vol: 1, Pages: 1221-1228, ISSN: 1286-4579

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• Citations: 60

Wade T, Booy R, Teare EL, Kroll Set al., 1999, <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> meningitis in infancy -: (a lick may be as bad as a bite), EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, Vol: 158, Pages: 875-878, ISSN: 0340-6199

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• Citations: 41

Pollard AJ, Galassini R, van der Voort EMR, Hibberd M, Booy R, Langford P, Nadel S, Ison C, Kroll JS, Poolman J, Levin Met al., 1999, Cellular immune responses to <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> in children, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Vol: 67, Pages: 2452-2463, ISSN: 0019-9567

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• Citations: 27

Pollard AJ, Galassini R, van der Voort EMR, Booy R, Langford P, Nadel S, Ison C, Kroll JS, Poolman J, Levin Met al., 1999, Humoral immune responses to <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> in children, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Vol: 67, Pages: 2441-2451, ISSN: 0019-9567

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• Citations: 38

, 1999, Neisserial vaccine compositions and methods, PCT/GB00/00624

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Kroll JS, Wilks KE, Farrant JL, Langford PRet al., 1998, Natural genetic exchange between <i>Haemophilus </i>and <i>Neisseria</i>:: Intergeneric transfer of chromosomal genes between major human pathogens, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Vol: 95, Pages: 12381-12385, ISSN: 0027-8424

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• Citations: 118