Publications
53 results found
Chana N, Porat T, Whittlesea C, et al., 2017, Improving specialist drug prescribing in primary care using task and error analysis: an observational study, BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE, Vol: 67, Pages: E157-E167, ISSN: 0960-1643
Background Electronic prescribing has benefited from computerised clinical decision support systems (CDSSs); however, no published studies have evaluated the potential for a CDSS to support GPs in prescribing specialist drugs.Aim To identify potential weaknesses and errors in the existing process of prescribing specialist drugs that could be addressed in the development of a CDSS.Design and setting Semi-structured interviews with key informants followed by an observational study involving GPs in the UK.Method Twelve key informants were interviewed to investigate the use of CDSSs in the UK. Nine GPs were observed while performing case scenarios depicting requests from hospitals or patients to prescribe a specialist drug. Activity diagrams, hierarchical task analysis, and systematic human error reduction and prediction approach analyses were performed.Results The current process of prescribing specialist drugs by GPs is prone to error. Errors of omission due to lack of information were the most common errors, which could potentially result in a GP prescribing a specialist drug that should only be prescribed in hospitals, or prescribing a specialist drug without reference to a shared care protocol. Half of all possible errors in the prescribing process had a high probability of occurrence.Conclusion A CDSS supporting GPs during the process of prescribing specialist drugs is needed. This could, first, support the decision making of whether or not to undertake prescribing, and, second, provide drug-specific parameters linked to shared care protocols, which could reduce the errors identified and increase patient safety.
Kostopoulou O, Porat T, Corrigan D, et al., 2017, Diagnostic accuracy of GPs when using an early-intervention decision support system: a high-fidelity simulation, British Journal of General Practice, Vol: 67, Pages: e201-e208, ISSN: 1478-5242
Background Observational and experimental studies of the diagnostic task have demonstrated the importance of the first hypotheses that come to mind for accurate diagnosis. A prototype decision support system (DSS) designed to support GPs’ first impressions has been integrated with a commercial electronic health record (EHR) system.Aim To evaluate the prototype DSS in a high-fidelity simulation.Design and setting Within-participant design: 34 GPs consulted with six standardised patients (actors) using their usual EHR. On a different day, GPs used the EHR with the integrated DSS to consult with six other patients, matched for difficulty and counterbalanced.Method Entering the reason for encounter triggered the DSS, which provided a patient-specific list of potential diagnoses, and supported coding of symptoms during the consultation. At each consultation, GPs recorded their diagnosis and management. At the end, they completed a usability questionnaire. The actors completed a satisfaction questionnaire after each consultation.Results There was an 8–9% absolute improvement in diagnostic accuracy when the DSS was used. This improvement was significant (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13 to 1.77, P<0.01). There was no associated increase of investigations ordered or consultation length. GPs coded significantly more data when using the DSS (mean 12.35 with the DSS versus 1.64 without), and were generally satisfied with its usability. Patient satisfaction ratings were the same for consultations with and without the DSS.Conclusion The DSS prototype was successfully employed in simulated consultations of high fidelity, with no measurable influences on patient satisfaction. The substantially increased data coding can operate as motivation for future DSS adoption.
Porat T, Oron-Gilad T, Rottem-Hovev M, et al., 2016, Supervising and controlling unmanned systems: a multi-phase study with subject matter experts, Frontiers in Psychology, Vol: 7, ISSN: 1664-1078
Proliferation in the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) in civil and military operations has presented a multitude of human factors challenges; from how to bridge the gap between demand and availability of trained operators, to how to organize and present data in meaningful ways. Utilizing the Design Research Methodology (DRM), a series of closely related studies with subject matter experts (SMEs) demonstrate how the focus of research gradually shifted from “how many systems can a single operator control” to “how to distribute missions among operators and systems in an efficient way”. The first set of studies aimed to explore the modal number, i.e., how many systems can a single operator supervise and control. It was found that an experienced operator can supervise up to 15 UASs efficiently using moderate levels of automation, and control (mission and payload management) up to three systems. Once this limit was reached, a single operator's performance was compared to a team controlling the same number of systems. In general, teams led to better performances. Hence, shifting design efforts toward developing tools that support teamwork environments of multiple operators with multiple UASs (MOMU). In MOMU settings, when the tasks are similar or when areas of interest overlap, one operator seems to have an advantage over a team who needs to collaborate and coordinate. However, in all other cases, a team was advantageous over a single operator. Other findings and implications, as well as future directions for research are discussed.
Liang SF, Porat T, Tapuria A, et al., 2016, MeTMapS-Medical terminology mapping system, AMIA Joint Summits in Translational Science, ISSN: 1613-0073
Motivation: Medical terminology mapping is a long-standing challenge for projects requiring retrieval, querying and integration of heterogeneous patient data. Current tools fail to fully utilise the richness of the underlying coding systems, and can be difficult to install and maintain. For example, National Library of Medicine's UMLS provides a rich collection of terminology mapping, however, its search results are displayed in a simplistic general purpose interface that cannot easily be navigated and results filtered according to user's preferences. Specifically, returned results cannot be visualised in a tree to show positions and relationships. BioPortal offers a large number of terminologies and ontologies, each of which can be viewed in a tree structure, however it does not allow for multiple ontologies to be viewed and compared on a single page. Our work aims to address these issues and provide a simple and easy to use terminology mapping software. Results: MeTMapS was evaluated with academic and clinical research users. The users have tested the mapping between ICD10, Read CTV2, V3 in Hypertension. It was also tested on a list of clinical terms from the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the INFORM clinical trial protocol. Our initial evaluation produced positive results. Availability: We are currently in the process of updating the design based on some improvements suggested by the participants. MeTMapS is developed under Apache V2 license and is currently hosted at KCL for internal use and will shortly be opened to the public once the internal security concerns are resolved. In the meantime, the tool is available from the author upon request.
Porat T, Kostopoulou O, Woolley A, et al., 2015, Eliciting user decision requirements for designing computerized diagnostic support for family physicians, Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, Vol: 10, Pages: 57-73, ISSN: 1555-3434
Despite its 40-year history, computerized diagnostic support is not used in routine clinical practice. As part of a European project to develop computerized diagnostic support for family physicians, we identified user decision requirements and made design recommendations. To this end, we employed multiple data types and sources. All data were elicited from U.K. family physicians and pertained to consultations with patients, either real or simulated. To elicit user requirements, we conducted in situ observations and interviews with eight physicians and performed a hierarchical task analysis of the diagnostic task. We also analyzed 34 think-aloud transcripts of 17 family physicians diagnosing detailed patient scenarios on a computer and 24 interview transcripts of 18 family physicians describing past cases of intuitive diagnoses from their experience. All transcripts were coded using the situation assessment record (SAR) method. We report our methods and results using the decision-centered design framework. Studies employing multiple human factors techniques and data types in order to elicit user requirements are rare. Our approach enabled us to propose interface design recommendations that go beyond existing “differential diagnosis generators,” with the aim to improve physicians’ performance and acceptance of the resulting tool.
Inbar O, Joost G, Hemmert F, et al., 2014, Tactful calling: investigating asymmetric social dilemmas in mobile communications, BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 33, Pages: 1317-1332, ISSN: 0144-929X
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 7
Porat T, Schclar A, Shapira B, 2013, MATE – A Mobile Analysis Tool for Usability Experts, Pages: 265-270
The ‘SmartMobile’ research project is directed to design and develop tools to help mobile companies view and analyze data related to the usage and performance of their applications and services. In this paper we focus on one of the main tools that were developed – MATE (Mobile Analysis Tool for usability Experts). MATE is designed to highlight potential usability problems in specific mobile applications, tasks and screens. This is done by extracting and aggregating relevant usage and performance metrics from real customers using their mobile devices. Subjective metrics received from usability tests may be inserted to MATE in order to compare objective and subjective metrics per scenario and per task. Usability evaluations performed by experienced usability experts strengthened the necessity of this tool as an important complement to usability testing.
Porat T, Schclar A, Shapira B, 2013, Mate – A Mobile Analysis Tool for Usability Experts. CHI’ 2013 Conference Proceedings, CHI’ 2013 Conference Proceedings
Porat T, Tractinsky N, 2012, It's a Pleasure Buying Here: The Effects of Web-Store Design on Consumers' Emotions and Attitudes, HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION, Vol: 27, Pages: 235-276, ISSN: 0737-0024
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 75
Oron-Gilad T, Porat T, Fern L, et al., 2011, Tools and Techniques for MOMU (Multiple Operator Multiple UAV) Environments; an Operational Perspective, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting
Porat T, Rief I, Puzis R, et al., 2011, LoOkie – It Feels Like Being There, proposing a social mobile application, CHI’ 2011 Conference Proceedings
Porat T, Oron-Gilad T, Silbiger J, et al., 2011, Switch and Deliver: display layouts for MOMV (Multiple Operators Multiple Video feeds) environments, IEEE CogSIMA 2011 Conference Proceedings
Porat T, Rief I, Puzis R, et al., 2011, LoOkie - It feels like being there, Pages: 1873-1878
In this paper, we describe an interaction design process and the challenges encountered during the development of LoOkie, a social mobile application, which enables members to request and receive live videos or pictures of desired locations from people who are present at the scene. The paper describes, from a human-computer interaction perspective, the development of the application from the birth of the idea through the design process encountered up to the point of the launch of the application for Beta at the beginning of 2011.
Porat T, Naamani-Dery L, Rokach L, et al., 2010, Interactive Audience Selection tool for distributing a mobile campaign, Pages: 362-366
An intelligent model for campaign management was developed as a collaborative research effort between Deutsche Telekom and Ben-Gurion University. The model segments and filters potential customers for solicitation according to a novel algorithm. However, a mathematical model, however cleverly designed, doesn't encompass the human knowledge, experience and specific requests of an expert campaign manager. Therefore campaign managers might be reluctant to use the model as it stands. The 'Interactive Audience Selection' solution proposed here attempts to bridge the gap between the campaign managers and the intelligent model by steering to combine and benefit from both the expert knowledge of the managers as well as the model's mathematical capabilities. The suggested information system tool enables the campaign manager to view the models' choice of potential customers for solicitation, understand it and improve it for the next audience sample. We propose that the transparency of the models' logic and the control the user has over the model's output will lead to the successful execution of a profitable campaign, without neglecting customer value. © 2010 IADIS.
Porat T, Oron-Gilad T, Silbiger J, et al., 2010, 'Castling Rays' a Decision Support Tool for UAV-Switching Tasks, CHI’ 2010 Conference Proceedings
Porat T, Oron-Gilad T, Meyer J, 2009, Task-dependent processing of tables and graphs, BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 28, Pages: 293-307, ISSN: 0144-929X
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 6
Inbar O, Ben-Asher N, Porat T, et al., 2008, All the news that's fit to e-ink, Pages: 3621-3626
We describe a design project of a future electronic news device and service. The project employs about 20 researchers, designers and developers. It uses advances in product technologies and in social computing to deal with the challenges of transferring the print newspaper reading experience onto a mobile, hand-held device, and of transferring the editor's power to decide what constitutes worthy news to the reader.
Inbar O, Porat T, Ben-Asher N, et al., 2008, Stop the press! making a smooth transition to E-INK, Pages: 141-148
We describe interaction design challenges of developing an e-ink based device for the delivery of a personalized news service. The paper describes, from a human-computer interaction perspective, the design process, design requirements and solutions, and the challenges that the design team faced during the development process. © 2008 IADIS.
Porat T, Tractinsky N, 2008, Affect as a Mediator between Web-Store Design and Consumers' Attitudes toward the Store, Affect and Emotion in Human-Computer Interaction From Theory to Applications, Editors: Peter, Beale, Publisher: Springer, ISBN: 9783540850991
This is the research field for which, over ten years ago, Rosalind Picard coined the phrase "affective computing".
Porat T, Tractinsky N, 2008, The Effects of Perceived Web-Store Design Characteristics on Consumers' Affective States and Attitudes towards the Store, Design & Emotion
Porat T, Tractinsky N, 2008, Affect as a Mediator between Web-Store Design and Consumers' Attitudes toward the Store, 3rd Workshop on Emotion in Human-Computer Interaction held at the Annual Conference of the British-HCI-Group, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: 142-153, ISSN: 0302-9743
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 7
Porat T, Liss R, Tractinsky N, 2007, E-Stores Design: The Influence of E-Store Design and Product Type on Consumers’ Emotions and Attitudes, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS)
Porat T, Liss R, Tractinsky N, 2007, E-stores design: The influence of e-store design and product type on consumers' emotions and attitudes, 12th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI International 2007), Publisher: SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Pages: 712-+, ISSN: 0302-9743
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 15
This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.