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@article{Fischetti:2019:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.261601,
author = {Fischetti, S and Wallis, L and Wiseman, T},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.261601},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
title = {What spatial geometry does the (2+1)-dimensional QFT vacuum prefer?},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.261601},
volume = {120},
year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - We consider relativistic (2+1)-dimensional quantum field theories (QFTs) on a product of time with a two-space and study the vacuum free energy as a functional of the temperature and spatial geometry. We focus on free scalar and Dirac fields on arbitrary perturbations of flat space, finding that the free energy difference from flat space is finite and always negative to leading order in the perturbation. Thus, free (2+1)-dimensional QFTs appear to always energetically favor a crumpled space on all scales; this is true both as a purely quantum effect at zero temperature and as a purely thermal effect at high temperature. Importantly, we show that this quantum effect is non-negligible for the relativistic Dirac degrees of freedom on monolayer graphene even at room temperature, so we argue that this vacuum energy effect should be included for a proper analysis of the equilibrium configuration of graphene or similar materials.
AU  - Fischetti,S
AU  - Wallis,L
AU  - Wiseman,T
DO  - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.261601
PY  - 2019///
SN  - 0031-9007
TI  - What spatial geometry does the (2+1)-dimensional QFT vacuum prefer?
T2  - Physical Review Letters
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.261601
UR  - http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04414v1
UR  - https://journals.aps.org/prl/accepted/7e07dY31D7613f60840e32110b0b2a5f4685369f0
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/60354
VL  - 120
ER  -

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