Publications
146 results found
Silva D, Moreira R, Beltrao M, et al., 2019, What is the effect of a Mediterranean compared with a fast food meal on the exercise induced adipokine changes? A randomized cross-over clinical trial, PLoS One, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1932-6203
BackgroundAdipose tissue-derived adipokines are pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in metabolic-related diseases and can be influenced by diet and exercise. We aimed to compare the effect of a Mediterranean (MdM) compared with Fast Food (FFM) meal on the exercise induced adipokines changes.MethodsIn a double blinded cross over trial, 46 participants were randomly assigned to one of two standardized iso-energy pre-exercise meals: FFM or MdM-type. Three hours after each meal, participants completed a treadmill exercise test (EC). Serum adiponectin, resistin, PAI-1, lipocalin-2/NGAL and adipsin were determined by Luminex magnetic bead immunoassay. Wilcoxon signed rank test compared changes before/after meal and before/after EC and a linear mixed model evaluated the effect of meals on the adipokine response to exercise, adjusted for confounders.ResultsThirty-nine participants (mean age of 25, with a standard deviation of 5 years) completed the trial (56% females). For both interventions, a significant reduction of adipsin after each meal and a significant increase of lipocalin, PAI-1, adipsin and resistin, after exercise was observed. When exercise was preceded by a MdM meal a higher increase in adipsin levels was seen.ConclusionAcute exercise induced an increase of circulatory levels of adipsin, resistin, lipocalin and PAI-1, but not adiponectin. A pre-exercise Mediterranean meal potentiated the increase of adipsin after the exercise test, which possibly relates to the immune regulatory role of adipsin. These changes suggest a cross-talk between the immune and metabolic immediate response to exercise and its modulation by the pre-exercise diet composition.
Saglimbene VM, Wong G, Ruospo M, et al., 2019, Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mortality in Adults undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis, CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, Vol: 14, Pages: 250-260, ISSN: 1555-9041
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- Citations: 65
Kim H, Caulfield LE, Garcia-Larsen V, et al., 2019, Plant-Based Diets Are Associated With a Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality, Scientific Sessions of the American-Heart-Association on Epidemiology and Prevention/Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health, Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, ISSN: 0009-7322
Fuertes E, Carsin AE, Garcia-Larsen V, et al., 2018, IS THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WITH FEV1 AND FVC PARTIALLY MEDIATED BY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS?: THE ECRHS STUDY, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A229-A230, ISSN: 0040-6376
Moromizato T, Garcia-Larsen V, Soeteman D, et al., 2018, Addressing the gap in clinical research education: Implementation of the Introduction to Clinical Research Training-Japan program, Journal of General and Family Medicine, Vol: 19, Pages: 188-190, ISSN: 2189-6577
Bakolis I, Hooper R, Bachert C, et al., 2018, Dietary patterns and respiratory health in adults from nine European countries – evidence from the GA2LEN study, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, Vol: 48, Pages: 1474-1482, ISSN: 0954-7894
Background: Dietary patterns defined using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) offer an alternative to the analysis of individual foods and nutrients and have been linked with asthma and allergic disease. However, results have not been reproducible in different settings.Objective: To identify dietary patterns common to different European countries and examine their associations with asthma and allergic symptoms. Methods: In sixteen study centres in nine European countries, 3206 individuals aged 15-77 years completed a common, internationally validated, Food Frequency Questionnaire and a respiratory symptoms questionnaire. The outcomes of interest were current asthma, asthma symptoms score (derived based on responses to 5 asthma symptom-related questions), atopy (positive skin prick test). Spirometry was used to estimate forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), the FEV1/FVC, spirometric restriction (FVC below the lower limit of normal (<LLN)) and FEV1/FVC < LLN. A novel meta-analytic approach was used to identify dietary patterns using PCA and to examine associations with asthma and allergic symptoms.Results: Two dietary patterns emerged, generally correlating with the same foods in different countries: one associated with intake of animal proteins and carbohydrates; the other with fruit and vegetables. There was evidence that the former pattern was associated with a higher asthma score (RR 1.63, 95% CI: 1.33-2.01), current asthma (RR 2.03, 95% CI: 1.52-2.71), wheeze (RR 1.84, 95%CI: 1.30-2.60), atopic status (RR 1.68, 95%CI: 1.16-2.44) and with decreased lung function, including an FVC <LLN (RR 4.57, 95% CI: 2.27-9.21). Conclusions & Clinical Relevance: Our findings suggest an increase in sensitisation to common allergens, an increase in asthma symptoms and a reduction in lung function in those eating a diet rich in animal proteins and carbohydrates. We found little evidence of an association between these outcomes and
Chamitava L, Garcia-Larsen V, Cazzoletti L, et al., 2018, Determination of adjusted reference intervals of urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy adults using GAMLSS models, PLoS ONE, Vol: 13, ISSN: 1932-6203
In this study we aimed at identifying main demographic, laboratory and environmental factors influencing the level of urinary biomarkers (DNA-derived 8-oxodG and lipid membrane-derived 8-isoprostane), and deriving their adjusted 95% reference intervals (RI) in a sample of healthy people from the general population. Data from 281 healthy subjects from the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases survey were used in this study. Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) were used to find determinants of the biomarkers among gender, age, season and distance from collection (DFC), and to predict their RI. The RI of the biomarkers stratified by season and adjusted for DFC showed a slight statistically significant decrease in the biomarkers at the increasing DFC in two seasons, except the 8-oxodG during the warm season: median levels at the min and max values of DFC were (ng/mgcreat) 7.0–1.1 in the cold and 3.9–3.9 in the warm seasons for 8-oxodG, 0.7–0.2 in the cold and 1.3–0.6 in the warm seasons for 8-isoprostane. Both the biomarkers should be evaluated in association with the DFC and season in large epidemiological studies. The (semi)parametric GAMLSS method is a useful and flexible technique, which makes it possible to estimate adjusted RI.
Peralta GP, Fuertes E, Carsin A-E, et al., 2018, Body mass index trajectories during adult life and lung function decline, 28th International Congress of the European-Respiratory-Society (ERS), Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
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- Citations: 1
Saglimbene V, Wong G, Ruospo M, et al., 2018, ASSOCIATION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE WITH ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS (DIET-HD): A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 13-13, ISSN: 1320-5358
Waidyatillake NT, Dharmage SC, Allen K, et al., 2018, Association between the age of solid food introduction and eczema; a systematic review and a meta-analysis, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, Vol: 48, Pages: 1000-1015, ISSN: 0954-7894
INTRODUCTION: Eczema is a common childhood ailment responsible for a considerable disease burden. Both timing of introduction to solid food and allergenic food are believed to be related to childhood eczema. Despite the growing body of evidence, the relationship between timing of any solid food introduction (allergenic and/or non-allergenic) and development of eczema has not previously been systematically reviewed. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched using food and eczema terms. Two authors selected papers according to the inclusion criteria and extracted information on study characteristics and measures of association. Meta-analyses were performed after grouping studies according to the age and type of exposure. RESULTS: A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria, reporting results from 16 study populations. Of these, 11 were cohort studies, two case controls, one cross sectional study and, 2 randomised controlled trials. Limited meta-analyses were performed due to heterogeneity between studies. Timing of solid food introduction was not associated with eczema. One randomized controlled trial provided weak evidence of an association between early allergenic (around 4 months) food introduction and reduced risk of eczema. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence is currently insufficient to determine whether the timing of introduction of any solid food influences the risk of eczema. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Garcia Larsen V, Morton V, Norat T, et al., 2018, Dietary patterns derived from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol: 73, Pages: 366-386, ISSN: 1476-5640
Background and aim: Colorectal cancer [CRC] is highly prevalent worldwide, with dietary habits being a major risk factor. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed the observational evidence on the association between CRC and dietary patterns [DP] derived from Principal Component Analysis.Design: PRISMA guidelines were followed. Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library were searched to identify all eligible papers published up to July 2017. Any pre-defined cancer in the colon was included, namely colon-rectal cancer (CRC), colon cancer (CC), rectal cancer (RC), or proximal and distal CC, if available. Western (WDP) and prudent (PDP) dietary patterns were compared as a proxy to estimate ‘unhealthy’ (Rich in meat and processed foods) and ‘healthy’ diets (containing fruits or vegetables), respectively. Meta-analyses were carried out using random effects model to calculate overall risk estimates. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated comparing the highest versus the lowest categories of dietary patterns for any of the forms of colon cancer studied.Results: 28 studies were meta-analysed. A WDP was associated with increased risk of CRC (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.11, 1.40), and of CC (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.11, 1.52). A PDP was negatively associated with CRC (RR 0.81; 95% CI 0.73, 0.91). Sensitivity analyses showed that individuals from North- and South- American countries had a significantly higher risk of CRC than those from other continents. Conclusion: A PDP might reduce the risk of CRC. Conversely, a WDP is associated with a higher risk of disease.
El Kinany K, Garcia Larsen V, Khalis M, et al., 2018, Adaptation and validation of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intake in Moroccan adults, Nutrition Journal, Vol: 17, ISSN: 1475-2891
Background:To date, no culture-specific food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) are available in North Africa. The aim of this study was to adapt and examine the reproducibility and validity of an FFQ or use in the Moroccan population.Methods:The European Global Asthma and Allergy Network (GA2LEN) FFQ was used to assess its applicability in Morocco. The GA2LEN FFQ is comprised of 32 food sections and 200 food items. Using scientific published literature, as well as local resources, we identified and added foods that were representative of the Moroccan diet. Translation of the FFQ into Moroccan Arabic was carried out following the World Health Organization (WHO) standard operational procedure. To test the validity and the reproducibility of the FFQ, 105 healthy adults working at Hassan II University Hospital Center of Fez were invited to answer the adapted FFQ in two occasions, 1 month apart, and to complete three 24-h dietary recall questionnaires during this period. Pearson correlation, and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess validity of nutrient intakes. The reproducibility between nutrient intakes as reported from the first and second FFQ were calculated using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). All nutrients were log-transformed to improve normality and were adjusted using the residual method.Results:The adapted FFQ was comprised of 255 items that included traditional Moroccan foods. Eighty-seven adults (mean age 27.3 ± 5.7 years) completed all the questionnaires. For energy and nutrients, the intakes reported in the FFQ1 were higher than the mean intakes reported by the 24-h recall questionnaires. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the first FFQ and the mean of three 24-h recall questionnaires were statistically significant. For validity, de-attenuated correlations were all positive, statistically significant and ranging from 0.24 (fiber) to 0.93 (total MUFA). For reproducibility, the ICCs were statistically significant and
Silva D, Moreira R, Sokhatska O, et al., 2018, Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial), Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, Vol: 10, Pages: 177-189, ISSN: 2451-8654
Background:The effect of a pre-exercise meal as countermeasure to exercise induced immunodepression is poorly known. Also, sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk but studies on immune changes are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess: 1) the impact of a pre-exercise Mediterranean meal (MdM) compared with a fast-food type meal (FFM) on exercise-induced immunological changes and 2) the impact of an induced acute period of sedentary behavior on neuro-immune-endocrine status.Methods/Design: This is a two steps clinical trial including: (a) randomized crossover clinical trial, comparing the effect a high-fat/low-nutrient dense meal, FFM, with an isoenergetic similar high-nutrient dense meal, MdM, in the immune response to an exercise challenge (EC) and (b) a pilot trial assessing the neuro-immune-endocrine change induced by acute decreasing by half the usual physical activity level.Results:A total of 46 participants (26 females), median aged 25 years were included. Of those 39-completed protocol, including overweight, physical active and inactive and participants with asthma. There were no differences in the EC between interventions. Dietary factors and physical activity were closely monitored during interventions and kept similar. During physical inactivity induction, 31% reached the target of 50% reduction in mean step number and 77% reached a 30% reduction.Conclusion:The use of a pre-exercise meal to modulate immune response and the understanding of the immunological impact of physical inactivity might help to establish future recommendations on how to practice exercise in a safer way and to recognize the potential impact of inactivity.
Saglimbene VM, Wong G, Craig JC, et al., 2018, The Association of Mediterranean and DASH Diets with Mortality in Adults on Hemodialysis: The DIET-HD Multinational Cohort Study, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, Vol: 29, Pages: 1741-1751, ISSN: 1046-6673
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- Citations: 21
Saglimbene V, Wong G, Ruospo M, et al., 2018, ASSOCIATION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE WITH ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS (DIET-HD): A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY, 55th Congress of the European-Renal-Association (ERA) and European-Dialysis-and-Transplantation-Association (EDTA), Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS, ISSN: 0931-0509
Garcia-Larsen V, Ierodiakonou D, Jarrold K, et al., 2018, Diet during pregnancy and infancy and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis, PLoS Medicine, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1549-1277
Background:There is uncertainty about the influence of diet during pregnancy and infancy on a child’s immune development. We assessed whether variations in maternal or infant diet can influence risk of allergic or autoimmune disease.Methods and findings:Two authors selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess certainty of findings. We searched Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Web of Science, Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) between January 1946 and July 2013 for observational studies and until December 2017 for intervention studies that evaluated the relationship between diet during pregnancy, lactation, or the first year of life and future risk of allergic or autoimmune disease. We identified 260 original studies (964,143 participants) of milk feeding, including 1 intervention trial of breastfeeding promotion, and 173 original studies (542,672 participants) of other maternal or infant dietary exposures, including 80 trials of maternal (n = 26), infant (n = 32), or combined (n = 22) interventions. Risk of bias was high in 125 (48%) milk feeding studies and 44 (25%) studies of other dietary exposures. Evidence from 19 intervention trials suggests that oral supplementation with nonpathogenic micro-organisms (probiotics) during late pregnancy and lactation may reduce risk of eczema (Risk Ratio [RR] 0.78; 95% CI 0.68–0.90; I2 = 61%; Absolute Risk Reduction 44 cases per 1,000; 95% CI 20–64), and 6 trials suggest that fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and lactation may reduce risk of allergic sensitisation to egg (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53–0.90; I2 = 15%; Absolute Risk Reduction 31 cases per 1,000; 95% CI 10–47). GRADE certainty of these findings was moderate. We found weaker
Garcia-Larsen V, Thawer N, Charles D, et al., 2018, Dietary Intake of Flavonoids and Ventilatory Function in European Adults: A GA2LEN Study, Nutrients, Vol: 10, ISSN: 2072-6643
Background: Flavonoids exert anti-inflammatory properties and modulate oxidative stress in vitro, suggesting a protective effect on lung function, but epidemiological studies examining this association are scarce. Methods: A stratified random sample was drawn from the GA2LEN screening survey, in which 55,000 adults aged 15 to 75 answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. Post-bronchodilator spirometry was obtained from 2850 subjects. Forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio between the forced exhaled volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FVC (FEV1/FVC), FVC below lower limit of normal (FVC < LLN), and FEV1/FVC < LLN were calculated. Intake of the six main subclasses of flavonoids was estimated using the GA2LEN Food Frequency Questionnaire. Adjusted associations between outcomes and each subclass of flavonoids were examined with multivariate regressions. Simes’ procedure was used to test for multiple comparisons. Results: A total of 2599 subjects had valid lung function and dietary data. A lower prevalence of FVC < LLN (airway restriction) was observed in those with higher total flavonoid (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), higher vs. lowest quintile intake 0.58; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.36, 0.94), and pro-anthocyanidin intakes (aOR 0.47; 95% CI 0.27, 0.81). A higher FEV1/FVC was associated with higher intakes of total flavonoids and pro-anthocyanidins (adjusted correlation coefficient (a β-coeff 0.33; 0.10, 0.57 and a β-coeff 0.44; 95% CI 0.19, 0.69, respectively). After Simes’ procedure, the statistical significance of each of these associations was attenuated but remained below 0.05, with the exception of total flavonoids and airway restriction. Conclusions: This population-based study in European adults provides cross-sectional evidence of a positive association of total flavonoid intake and pro-anthocyanidins and ventilatory function, and a negative association with spirometric restriction in European adults.
Saglimbene VM, Wong G, Ruospo M, et al., 2017, Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults on hemodialysis: The DIET-HD multinational cohort study, Clinical Nutrition, ISSN: 0261-5614
© 2017 The Author(s). Background & aims: Patients on hemodialysis suffer from high risk of premature death, which is largely attributed to cardiovascular disease, but interventions targeting traditional cardiovascular risk factors have made little or no difference. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are putative candidates to reduce cardiovascular disease. Diets rich in n-3 PUFA are recommended in the general population, although their role in the hemodialysis setting is uncertain. We evaluated the association between the dietary intake of n-3 PUFA and mortality for hemodialysis patients. Methods: The DIET-HD study is a prospective cohort study (January 2014-June 2017) in 9757 adults treated with hemodialysis in Europe and South America. Dietary n-3 PUFA intake was measured at baseline using the GA 2 LEN Food Frequency Questionnaire. Adjusted Cox regression analyses clustered by country were conducted to evaluate the association of dietary n-3 PUFA intake with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Results: During a median follow up of 2.7 years (18,666 person-years), 2087 deaths were recorded, including 829 attributable to cardiovascular causes. One third of the study participants consumed sufficient (at least 1.75 g/week) n-3 PUFA recommended for primary cardiovascular prevention, and less than 10% recommended for secondary prevention (7-14 g/week). Compared to patients with the lowest tertile of dietary n-3 PUFA intake ( < 0.37 g/week), the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for cardiovascular mortality for patients in the middle (0.37 to < 1.8 g/week) and highest (≥1.8 g/week) tertiles of n-3 PUFA were 0.82 (0.69-0.98) and 1.03 (0.84-1.26), respectively. Corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.96 (0.86-1.08) and 1.00 (0.88-1.13), respectively. Conclusions: Dietary n-3 PUFA intake was not associated with cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in patients on hemodialysis. As dietary
Garcia Larsen V, Potts J, Omenaas E, et al., 2017, Dietary antioxidants and ten year lung function decline in adults from the ECRHS survey, European Respiratory Journal, Vol: 50, Pages: 1-9, ISSN: 0903-1936
The relationship between lung function decline and dietary antioxidants over 10 years in adults from three European countries was investigated.In 2002, adults from three participating countries of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) answered a questionnaire and underwent spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)), which were repeated 10 years later. Dietary intake was estimated at baseline with food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Associations between annual lung function decline (mL) and diet (tertiles) were examined with multivariable analyses. Simes’ procedure was applied to control for multiple testing.A total of 680 individuals (baseline mean age 43.8±6.6 years) were included. A per-tertile increase in apple and banana intake was associated with a 3.59 mL·year−1 (95% CI 0.40, 7.68) and 3.69 mL·year−1 (95% CI 0.25, 7.14) slower decline in FEV1 and FVC, respectively. Tomato intake was also associated with a slower decline in FVC (4.5 mL·year−1; 95% CI 1.28, 8.02). Only the association with tomato intake remained statistically significant after the Simes’ procedure was performed. Subgroup analyses showed that apple, banana and tomato intake were all associated with a slower decline in FVC in ex-smokers.Intake of fruits and tomatoes might delay lung function decline in adults, particularly in ex-smokers.
Garcia-Larsen V, Arnardottir ES, Bjornsdottir E, et al., 2017, DIETARY INTAKE OF CARBOHYDRATES, DAYTIME SLEEPINESS AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA IN ADULTS FROM REYKJAVIK, ICELAND, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: E107-E108, ISSN: 1389-9457
Ruparelia A, Devani P, Garcia-Larsen V, et al., 2017, Fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy, lactation or infancy and risk of allergic outcomes: A systematic review, Annual Meeting of the British-Society-for-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (BSACI), Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 1720-1720, ISSN: 0954-7894
Devani P, Ruparelia A, Garcia-Larsen V, et al., 2017, Optimal mode of delivery for using probiotics or prebiotics to prevent eczema: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Annual Meeting of the British-Society-for-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (BSACI), Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 1700-1700, ISSN: 0954-7894
Saglimbene V, Wong G, Ruospo M, et al., 2017, Dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and risk of mortality in people on hemodialysis: The DIET-HD multinational cohort study, Annual Scientific Meeting Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology (ANZSN)
Saglimbene V, Wong G, Bondonno N, et al., 2017, Fruit intake and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults on hemodialysis: The DIET-HD multinational cohort study, Annual Scientific Meeting Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology (ANZSN)
Mattioli V, Cazzoletti L, Zanolin ME, et al., 2017, Late Breaking Abstract - Dietary flavonoids and respiratory diseases: a population-based multi-case control study in Italian adults, European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Chamitava L, Bakolis I, Burney PGJ, et al., 2017, Respiratory health and dietary patterns in adults from ECRHS III, European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Cepeda AM, Thawer S, Boyle RJ, et al., 2017, Diet and respiratory health in children from 11 Latin American countries: evidence from ISAAC Phase III, Lung, Vol: 195, Pages: 683-692, ISSN: 0341-2040
Background and Aim The burden of childhood asthma andits risk factors is an important but neglected public healthchallenge in Latin America. We investigated the associationbetween allergic symptoms and dietary intake inchildren from this region.Methods As part of the International Study of Asthma andAllergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III, questionnairecollected dietary intake was investigated in relation to riskof parental/child reported current wheeze (primary outcome)and rhino-conjunctivitis and eczema. Per-countryadjusted logistic regressions were performed, and combinedeffect sizes were calculated with meta-analyses.Results 143,967 children from 11 countries had completedata. In children aged 6–7 years, current wheeze wasnegatively associated with higher fruit intake (adjustedodds ratio [aOR] 0.65; 95% CI 0.74, 0.97). Current rhinoconjunctivitisand eczema were statistically negativelyassociated with fruit intake (aOR 0.72; 95% CI 0.64, 0.82;and OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.56, 0.74, respectively).Vegetable intake was negatively associated with risk ofsymptoms in younger children, but these associations wereattenuated in the 13–14 years old group. Fastfood/burgerintake was positively associated with all three outcomes inthe older children.Conclusion A higher intake of fruits and vegetables wasassociated with a lower prevalence of allergic symptoms inLatin American children. Conversely, intake of fastfood was positively associated with a higher prevalence ofwheeze in adolescents. Improved dietary habits in childrenmight help reduce the epidemic of allergic symptoms inLatin America. Food interventions in asthmatic childrenare needed to evaluate the possible public health impact ofa better diet on respiratory health.
Garcia-Larsen V, Arthur R, Potts JF, et al., 2017, Is fruit and vegetable intake associated with asthma or chronic rhino-sinusitis in European adults? Results from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA(2)LEN) Survey, Clinical and Translational Allergy, Vol: 7, ISSN: 2045-7022
Background:Fruits and vegetables are rich in compounds with proposed antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, which could contribute to reduce the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases.Objective:We investigated the association between asthma, and chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS) with intake of fruits and vegetables in European adults.Methods:A stratified random sample was drawn from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA2LEN) screening survey, in which 55,000 adults aged 15–75 answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. Asthma score (derived from self-reported asthma symptoms) and CRS were the outcomes of interest. Dietary intake of 22 subgroups of fruits and vegetables was ascertained using the internationally validated GA2LEN Food Frequency Questionnaire. Adjusted associations were examined with negative binomial and multiple regressions. Simes procedure was used to control for multiple testing.Results:A total of 3206 individuals had valid data on asthma and dietary exposures of interest. 22.8% reported having at least 1 asthma symptom (asthma score ≥1), whilst 19.5% had CRS. After adjustment for potential confounders, asthma score was negatively associated with intake of dried fruits (β-coefficient −2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] −4.09, −0.59), whilst CRS was statistically negatively associated with total intake of fruits (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.55, 0.97). Conversely, a positive association was observed between asthma score and alliums vegetables (adjusted β-coefficient 0.23; 95% CI 0.06, 0.40). None of these associations remained statistically significant after controlling for multiple testing.Conclusion and clinical relevance:There was no consistent evidence for an association of asthma or CRS with fruit and vegetable intake in this representative sample of European adults.
Ierodiakonou D, Garcia-Larsen V, Boyle RJ, 2017, Allergenic food introduction and childhood risk of allergic or autoimmune disease — reply, JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol: 317, Pages: 87-87, ISSN: 0098-7484
Ierodiakonou D, Garcia-Larsen V, Boyle RJ, 2017, Allergenic Food Introduction and Childhood Risk of Allergic or Autoimmune Disease Reply, JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, Vol: 317, Pages: 87-87, ISSN: 0098-7484
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