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Journal articleErritzoe D, Godlewska BR, Rizzo G, et al., 2023,
Brain Serotonin Release Is Reduced in Patients With Depression: A [11C]Cimbi-36 Positron Emission Tomography Study With a d-Amphetamine Challenge
, BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 93, Pages: 1089-1098, ISSN: 0006-3223- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 13
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Journal articleRabiner EA, Agnorelli C, Howes O, et al., 2023,
Reply to: No Clear Evidence of Reduced Brain Serotonin Release Capacity in Patients With Depression
, BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY, Vol: 93, Pages: E53-E54, ISSN: 0006-3223 -
Journal articleZafar R, 2023,
Psychedelic therapy in the treatment of addiction: the past, present and future
, Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol: 14, Pages: 1-24, ISSN: 1664-0640Psychedelic therapy has witnessed a resurgence in interest in the last decade from the scientific and medical communities with evidence now building for its safety and efficacy in treating a range of psychiatric disorders including addiction (Nutt, Spriggs and Erritzoe, 2023). In this review we will chart the research investigating the role of these interventions in individuals with addiction beginning with an overview of the current socioeconomic impact of addiction, treatment options, and outcomes. We will start by examining historical studies from the first psychedelic research era of the mid-late 1900s, followed by an overview of the available real-world evidence gathered from naturalistic, observational, and survey-based studies. We will then cover modern-day clinical trials of psychedelic therapies in addiction from first-in-human to phase II clinical trials. Finally, we will provide an overview of the different translational human neuropsychopharmacology techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), that can be applied to foster a mechanistic understanding of therapeutic mechanisms. A more granular understanding of the treatment effects of psychedelics will facilitate the optimisation of the psychedelic therapy drug development landscape, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Journal articleWeiss B, Wingert A, Erritzoe D, et al., 2023,
Prevalence and therapeutic impact of adverse life event reexperiencing under ceremonial ayahuasca
, Scientific Reports, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-17, ISSN: 2045-2322The present study examined the safety and efficacy of the ceremonial use of ayahuasca in relation to reports of heightened life event reexperiencing under psychedelics. The study examined (1) the prevalence of specific types of adverse life event reexperiencing, (2) characteristics predictive of reexperiencing, (3) the psychological character of reexperiencing, and (4) the impact of reexperiencing on mental health. Participants were recruited from three ayahuasca healing and spiritual centers in South and Central America (N = 33 military veterans, 306 non-veterans) using self-report data at three timepoints (Pre-retreat, Post-retreat, 3-months post-retreat). Reexperiencing adverse life events under ayahuasca was common, with women showing particularly high probability of reexperiencing sexual assault, veterans reexperiencing combat-related trauma, and individuals with a self-reported lifetime diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder exhibiting a substantively higher prevalence of reexperiencing. Reexperiencing was associated with states of reappraisal, psychological flexibility, and discomfort during ceremony, and incremental reductions in trait neuroticism. Clinical implications of these results for the application of psychedelics to mood and stress disorders are discussed.
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Journal articleAday JS, Carhart-Harris RL, Woolley JD, 2023,
Emerging Challenges for Psychedelic Therapy.
, JAMA Psychiatry, Vol: 80, Pages: 533-534 -
Journal articleParker CAA, Nutt DJJ, Tyacke RJJ, 2023,
Imidazoline-I2 PET Tracers in Neuroimaging
, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, Vol: 24, ISSN: 1661-6596 -
Journal articleBuchborn T, Lyons T, Song C, et al., 2023,
Cortical correlates of psychedelic-induced shaking behavior revealed by voltage imaging
, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol: 24, ISSN: 1422-0067(1) From mouse to man, shaking behavior (head twitches and/or wet dog shakes) is a reliable readout of psychedelic drug action. Shaking behavior like psychedelia is thought to be mediated by serotonin 2A receptors on cortical pyramidal cells. The involvement of pyramidal cells in psychedelic-induced shaking behavior remains hypothetical, though, as experimental in vivo evidence is limited. (2) Here, we use cell type-specific voltage imaging in awake mice to address this issue. We intersectionally express the genetically encoded voltage indicator VSFP Butterfly 1.2 in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons. We simultaneously capture cortical hemodynamics and cell type-specific voltage activity while mice display psychedelic shaking behavior. (3) Shaking behavior is preceded by high-frequency oscillations and overlaps with low-frequency oscillations in the motor cortex. Oscillations spectrally mirror the rhythmics of shaking behavior and reflect layer 2/3 pyramidal cell activity complemented by hemodynamics. (4) Our results reveal a clear cortical fingerprint of serotonin-2A-receptor-mediated shaking behavior and open a promising methodological avenue relating a cross-mammalian psychedelic effect to cell-type specific brain dynamics.
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Journal articleSingleton SP, Timmermann C, Luppi AI, et al., 2023,
Time-resolved network control analysis links reduced control energy under DMT with the serotonin 2a receptor, signal diversity, and subjective experience.
, bioRxivPsychedelics offer a profound window into the functioning of the human brain and mind through their robust acute effects on perception, subjective experience, and brain activity patterns. In recent work using a receptor-informed network control theory framework, we demonstrated that the serotonergic psychedelics lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin flatten the brain's control energy landscape in a manner that covaries with more dynamic and entropic brain activity. Contrary to LSD and psilocybin, whose effects last for hours, the serotonergic psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) rapidly induces a profoundly immersive altered state of consciousness lasting less than 20 minutes, allowing for the entirety of the drug experience to be captured during a single resting-state fMRI scan. Using network control theory, which quantifies the amount of input necessary to drive transitions between functional brain states, we integrate brain structure and function to map the energy trajectories of 14 individuals undergoing fMRI during DMT and placebo. Consistent with previous work, we find that global control energy is reduced following injection with DMT compared to placebo. We additionally show longitudinal trajectories of global control energy correlate with longitudinal trajectories of EEG signal diversity (a measure of entropy) and subjective ratings of drug intensity. We interrogate these same relationships on a regional level and find that the spatial patterns of DMT's effects on these metrics are correlated with serotonin 2a receptor density (obtained from separately acquired PET data). Using receptor distribution and pharmacokinetic information, we were able to successfully recapitulate the effects of DMT on global control energy trajectories, demonstrating a proof-of-concept for the use of control models in predicting pharmacological intervention effects on brain dynamics.
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Journal articleSpriggs M, Bornemann J, Murphy-Beiner A, et al., 2023,
ARC: a framework for access, reciprocity and conduct in psychedelic therapies
, Frontiers in Psychology, Vol: 14, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 1664-1078The field of psychedelic assisted therapy (PAT) is growing at an unprecedented pace. The immense pressures this places on those working in this burgeoning field have already begun to raise important questions about risk and responsibility. It is imperative that the development of an ethical and equitable infrastructure for psychedelic care is prioritized to support this rapid expansion of PAT in research and clinical settings. Here we present Access, Reciprocity and Conduct (ARC); a framework for a culturally informed ethical infrastructure for ARC in psychedelic therapies. These three parallel yet interdependent pillars of ARC provide the bedrock for a sustainable psychedelic infrastructure which prioritized equal access to PAT for those in need of mental health treatment (Access), promotes the safety of those delivering and receiving PAT in clinical contexts (Conduct), and respects the traditional and spiritual uses of psychedelic medicines which often precede their clinical use (Reciprocity). In the development of ARC, we are taking a novel dual-phase co-design approach. The first phase involves co-development of an ethics statement for each arm with stakeholders from research, industry, therapy, community, and indigenous settings. A second phase will further disseminate the statements for collaborative review to a wider audience from these different stakeholder communities within the psychedelic therapy field to invite feedback and further refinement. By presenting ARC at this early stage, we hope to draw upon the collective wisdom of the wider psychedelic community and inspire the open dialogue and collaboration upon which the process of co-design depends. We aim to offer a framework through which psychedelic researchers, therapists and other stakeholders, may begin tackling the complex ethical questions arising within their own organizations and individual practice of PAT.
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Journal articleGirn M, Rosas FE, Daws RE, et al., 2023,
A complex systems perspective on psychedelic brain action
, TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES, Vol: 27, Pages: 433-445, ISSN: 1364-6613- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 3
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