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  • Journal article
    Scagliarini T, Nuzzi D, Antonacci Y, Faes L, Rosas FE, Marinazzo D, Stramaglia Set al., 2023,

    Gradients of O-information: Low-order descriptors of high-order dependencies

    , Physical Review Research, Vol: 5, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 2643-1564

    O-information is an information-theoretic metric that captures the overall balance between redundant and synergistic information shared by groups of three or more variables. To complement the global assessment provided by this metric, here we propose the gradients of the O-information as low-order descriptors that can characterize how high-order effects are localized across a system of interest. We illustrate the capabilities of the proposed framework by revealing the role of specific spins in Ising models with frustration, in Ising models with three-spin interactions, and in a linear vectorial autoregressive process. We also provide an example of practical data analysis on U.S. macroeconomic data. Our theoretical and empirical analyses demonstrate the potential of these gradients to highlight the contribution of variables in forming high-order informational circuits.

  • Journal article
    Zeifman R, Spriggs M, Kettner H, Lyons T, Rosas F, Mediano P, Erritzoe D, Carhart-Harris Ret al., 2023,

    From Relaxed Beliefs Under Psychedelics (REBUS) to Revised Beliefs After Psychedelics (REBAS)

    , Scientific Reports, ISSN: 2045-2322

    Objectives: This was a cross sectional study aimed at describing chest x-ray findings among children hospitalised with clinically diagnosed severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia (SpO2<92%) in three tertiary facilities in Uganda.Methods: We studied chest x-rays of 375 children aged 28 days to 12 years enrolled into the Children’s Oxygen Administration Strategies Trial (COAST)(ISRCTN15622505). Radiologists blinded to the clinical findings reported chest x-rays using the standardized World Health Organization methodology for paediatric chest Xray reporting. We summarised clinical data and chest x-ray findings using descriptive statistics. Chi-square and proportion tests were used to compare proportions and quantile regression compared medians. Results: We found 172, (45.8%) children had radiological pneumonia, 136 (36.3%) normal chest radiographs while 123 (32.8%) non-pneumonia findings, the major one being cardiovascular abnormalities,106 (28.3%); 56 (14.9%) chest radiographs had both pneumonia and other abnormalities. There was no difference in the prevalence of radiological pneumonia, cardiovascular abnormalities, and mortality between the group with severe hypoxaemia (SpO2<80%) and that with mild hypoxaemia (SpO280 to <92%), (95% CI: -13.2,7.1, -6.1,15.9) and -37.2, 20.4) respectively. Conclusion: This study highlights a relatively high prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities in children who fulfill the WHO clinical criteria for severe pneumonia and have hypoxaemia. We recommend that chest x-ray examinations be routinely done for all children in this population because information concerning cardiovascular and respiratory systems can be obtained in one sitting and guide management better. We hope that these findings can prompt discussions into refining the clinical criteria used to classify and manage pneumonia in children in limited resource settings.

  • Journal article
    Dourron HM, Nichols CD, Simonsson O, Bradley M, Carhart-Harris R, Hendricks PSet al., 2023,

    5-MeO-DMT: An atypical psychedelic with unique pharmacology, phenomenology &amp; risk?

    , Psychopharmacology, ISSN: 0033-3158

    5-MeO-DMT is a tryptamine being developed as a potential antidepressant that may display a distinct therapeutic mechanism due to its unique pharmacology and subjective effects compared to typical psychedelics. In this article, we parallel the relatively distinct phenomenology and behavioral effects of the acute and post-acute effects of 5-MeO-DMT to those induced by epileptiform activity, particularly in instances within epileptogenic zones of the temporal lobes. This is done by reviewing aberrant 5-HT1A receptor functioning in epilepsy, noting that 5-MeO-DMT has notable 5-HT1A receptor agonist properties—and then comparing the acute behavioral and subjective effects induced by 5-MeO-DMT to those that occur in seizures. It might be that 5-MeO-DMT's therapeutic mechanism is partly mediated by evoking temporary epileptiform activity, suggesting a similarity to electroconvulsive therapy. It is also noted that “reactivations,” the sudden re-experiencing of drug effects common after 5-MeO-DMT but not after typical psychedelics, may suggest that 5-MeO-DMT produces recurrent epileptiform activity. Overall, this review indicates that further evaluation of 5-MeO-DMT's unique mechanisms in research settings and among naturalistic users are warranted.

  • Journal article
    Cieri F, Carhart-Harris RL, Mathys C, Turnbull O, Solms Met al., 2023,

    Editorial: Frontiers in psychodynamic neuroscience

    , Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol: 17
  • Journal article
    Hadar A, David J, Shalit N, Roseman L, Gross R, Sessa B, Lev-Ran Set al., 2023,

    The Psychedelic Renaissance in Clinical Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Three Decades of Human Studies with Classical Psychedelics

    , JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS, Vol: 55, Pages: 1-10, ISSN: 0279-1072
  • Journal article
    Vamvakopoulou IA, Narine KAD, Campbell I, Dyck JRB, Nutt DJet al., 2023,

    Mescaline: The forgotten psychedelic*

    , NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 222, ISSN: 0028-3908
  • Journal article
    Forstmann M, Kettner HS, Sagioglou C, Irvine A, Gandy S, Carhart-Harris RL, Luke Det al., 2023,

    Among psychedelic-experienced users, only past use of psilocybin reliably predicts nature relatedness

    , JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 37, Pages: 93-106, ISSN: 0269-8811
  • Journal article
    Shukuroglou M, Roseman L, Wall M, Nutt D, Kaelen M, Carhart-Harris Ret al., 2023,

    Changes in music-evoked emotion and ventral striatal functional connectivity after psilocybin therapy for depression

    , JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 37, Pages: 70-79, ISSN: 0269-8811
  • Journal article
    Hipolito I, Mago J, Rosas FE, Carhart-Harris Ret al., 2023,

    Pattern breaking: a complex systems approach to psychedelic medicine

    , Neuroscience of Consciousness, Vol: 2023, ISSN: 2057-2107

    Recent research has demonstrated the potential of psychedelic therapy for mental health care. However, the psychological experience underlying its therapeutic effects remains poorly understood. This paper proposes a framework that suggests psychedelics act as destabilizers, both psychologically and neurophysiologically. Drawing on the ‘entropic brain’ hypothesis and the ‘RElaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics’ model, this paper focuses on the richness of psychological experience. Through a complex systems theory perspective, we suggest that psychedelics destabilize fixed points or attractors, breaking reinforced patterns of thinking and behaving. Our approach explains how psychedelic-induced increases in brain entropy destabilize neurophysiological set points and lead to new conceptualizations of psychedelic psychotherapy. These insights have important implications for risk mitigation and treatment optimization in psychedelic medicine, both during the peak psychedelic experience and during the subacute period of potential recovery.

  • Journal article
    Bourke SL, Schlag AK, O'Sullivan SE, Nutt DJ, Finn DPet al., 2022,

    Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in fibromyalgia: A review of preclinical and clinical research

    , PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Vol: 240, ISSN: 0163-7258

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