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Journal articleO'Keeffe C, Gannon P, Gilson P, et al., 2013,
Air purification by heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation with multi-doped thin film titanium dioxide
, THIN SOLID FILMS, Vol: 537, Pages: 131-136, ISSN: 0040-6090- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 9
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Journal articleWilkinson M, Kafizas A, Bawaked SM, et al., 2013,
Combinatorial Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Graded TiO<sub>2</sub>-VO<sub>2</sub> Mixed-Phase Composites and Their Dual Functional Property as Self-Cleaning and Photochromic Window Coatings
, ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE, Vol: 15, Pages: 309-319, ISSN: 2156-8952- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 43
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Book chapterParkin IP, Kafizas A, 2013,
Exothermic Metathesis Reactions
, Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II (Second Edition): From Elements to Applications, Pages: 471-490The development of solid-state metathesis (SSM) routes over the last two decades has revolutionized the way in which several industrially important refractory ceramics, intermetallics, and semiconductors are made. In this chapter, the development of SSM routes in synthesizing a range of materials including metal borides and aluminides, carbides and silicides, nitrides, phosphides, arsenides and antimonides, oxides and sulfides, selenides and tellurides is covered. In addition, an overview of the new directions in metathesis is presented, including carbon nanotube and nanocrystal formation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Journal articlePonja S, Sathasivam S, Chadwick N, et al., 2013,
Aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition of hydrophobic TiO<sub>2</sub>-SnO<sub>2</sub> composite film with novel microstructure and enhanced photocatalytic activity
, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 1, Pages: 6271-6278, ISSN: 2050-7488- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 49
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Journal articleUppal MA, Kafizas A, Ewing MB, et al., 2013,
The room temperature formation of gold nanoparticles from the reaction of cyclohexanone and auric acid; a transition from dendritic particles to compact shapes and nanoplates
, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 1, Pages: 7351-7359, ISSN: 2050-7488- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 29
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Journal articleKafizas A, Parry SA, Chadwick AV, et al., 2013,
An EXAFS study on the photo-assisted growth of silver nanoparticles on titanium dioxide thin-films and the identification of their photochromic states
, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 15, Pages: 8254-8263, ISSN: 1463-9076- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 15
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Journal articleKafizas A, Noor N, Carmalt CJ, et al., 2013,
TiO<sub>2</sub>-based transparent conducting oxides; the search for optimum electrical conductivity using a combinatorial approach
, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C, Vol: 1, Pages: 6335-6346, ISSN: 2050-7526- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 30
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Journal articleKafizas A, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, 2012,
Does a Photocatalytic Synergy in an Anatase-Rutile TiO2 Composite Thin-Film Exist?
, Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol: 18, Pages: 13048-13048, ISSN: 1521-3765It has often been suggested that anatase-rutile mixtures/composites synergistically enhance photocatalysis. However, in the case of dense thin-films containing an intimate mix of both anatase and rutile phases, such an effect has not been observed. In synthesising combinatorial films with graded film thickness and phase, and applying established photocatalytic mapping methods, we were able to assess how dense thin-films of intimately mixed anatase-rutile mixtures affect photocatalytic performance. We found that no photocatalytic synergy between anatase-rutile composites (29≤rutile %≤83) within such dense thin-film systems exists. In fact, an increased presence of rutile caused the photocatalytic activity to fall. This was explained by the unfavourable energetics in the multiple electron transfers required between several neighbouring rutile and anatase sites for the photo-generated electron to reach the material’s surface; encouraging the trapping of electrons within the bulk and increasing the likelihood of charge recombination. The decrease in photocatalytic activity was found to vary linearly with rutile component.
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Journal articleCabrera RQ, Latimer ER, Kafizas A, et al., 2012,
Photocatalytic activity of needle-like TiO2/WO3−x thin films prepared by chemical vapour deposition
, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A, Vol: 239, Pages: 60-60, ISSN: 1010-6030The enhanced photocatalyticactivity of needle-like TiO2/WO3−x (0 < x ≤ 0.3) composite thinfilms is demonstrated in the degradation of stearic acid, a model system for the organic pollutants typically present on window surfaces. The films were synthesised by atmospheric pressure chemicalvapourdeposition (APCVD) from reaction of tungsten and titanium chlorides with ethanol and ethyl acetate as oxygen sources, respectively, and characterised by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and AFM. The increase in activity of films is explained in terms of an effective vectorial charge separation at the interface of the two oxide semiconductors. The interaction of water with the surface of the TiO2/WO3−x composite film is also discussed after water droplet contact angle measurements.
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Journal articleCrick CR, Bear JC, Kafizas A, et al., 2012,
Superhydrophobic Photocatalytic Surfaces through Direct Incorporation of Titania Nanoparticles into a Polymer Matrix by Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition
, Vol: 24, Pages: 3505–3508-3505–3508, ISSN: 1521-4095 -
Journal articleDunnill CW, Kafizas A, Parkin IP, 2012,
CVD Production of Doped Titanium Dioxide Thin Films
, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Vol: 18, Pages: 89-89, ISSN: 0948-1907 -
Journal articleKafizas A, Parkin IP, 2012,
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Thin‐Film Combinatorial Studies for Rapidly Optimizing Functional Properties
, ChemInform, Vol: 43, ISSN: 0931-7597<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Review: 217 refs.</jats:p>
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Journal articleKafizas A, Parkin IP, 2012,
Inorganic thin-film combinatorial studies for rapidly optimising functional properties
, Chemical Society Reviews, Vol: 41, Pages: 738-738 -
Journal articleKafizas A, Parkin IP, 2011,
Combinatorial atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (cAPCVD); a route to functional property optimization.
, Journal of the American Chemical Society, ISSN: 1520-5126ABSTRACT: We demonstrate how combinatorial atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (cAPCVD) can be used as a synthetic tool for rapidly optimizing the functional properties of thin-films; by analyzing the self-cleaning properties of tungsten doped anatase as an example. By introducing reagents at separate points inside the reactor, a tungsten/ titanium compositional gradient was formed and a diverse range of film growth conditions were obtained. By partially mixing the metal sources, a combinatorial film with a compositional profile that varied primarily in the lateral plane was synthesized. A combinatorial thin-film of anatase TiO2 doped with an array of tungsten levels as a solid solution ranging from 0.38 - 13.8 W: Ti atom % was formed on a single glass substrate. The compositional-functional relationships were understood through comprehensively analyzing combinatorial phase space; with 200 positions investigated by high-throughput methods in this study. Physical and functional properties, and their compositional dependencies, were inter-correlated. It was found that increases in photocatalytic activity and conductivity were most highly dependent on film crystallinity within the 0.38 - 13.8 atom % W: Ti doping regime. However, enhancements in photo-induced surface wetting were primarily dependent on increases in preferred growth in the (211) crystal plane.
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Journal articleKafizas A, Dunnill CW, Parkin IP, 2011,
The relationship between photocatalytic activity and photochromic state of nanoparticulate silver surface loaded titanium dioxide thin-films.
, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol: 13, Pages: 13827-13827, ISSN: 1463-9084Anatase titania thin-films were prepared by a modified spray-pyrolysis method. Glass substrates were coated at room temperature with an aerosol-spray of a titania sol-gel solution and then annealed at 500 °C to form rough, transparent, crystalline thin-films of anatase TiO(2). Silver nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of these films by a photo-assisted deposition method; films were dip-coated in methanolic solutions of silver nitrate salt and then photo-irradiated for 5 h with UVC light. The AgNO(3) concentration was adjusted to create an array of films with varying silver loadings. The films displayed photochromism; changing colour to orange-brown in UV-light to colourless under white light. The rates of photochromic change, when subjected to four different lighting conditions (UVC, UVA, white light and dark), were analysed by UV-visible spectroscopy. By assessing the photocatalytic activity to these light sources it was found that the initial photochromic state of the material had a profound effect on the films photocatalytic ability. This effect was more pronounced in the more concentrated silver loaded films; where significant enhancements in photoactivity occurred when reactions were initiated from the photo-reduced state. The mode of improved photocatalysis was attributed to the photo-generated electron trapping by silver nanoparticles, which stabilised photo-generated holes and drove photo-oxidation processes. We believe this is the first study in which the relationship between the photochromic state of a thin-film and its subsequent photocatalytic activity is reported.
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Journal articleKnapp CE, Kafizas A, Parkin IP, et al., 2011,
The use of combinatorial aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition for the formation of gallium-indium-oxide thin films
, Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol: 21, Pages: 12644-12644, ISSN: 0959-9428 -
Journal articleDunnill CW, Page K, Aiken ZA, et al., 2011,
Nanoparticulate silver coated-titania thin films-Photo-oxidative destruction of stearic acid under different light sources and antimicrobial effects under hospital lighting conditions
, JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY, Vol: 220, Pages: 113-123, ISSN: 1010-6030- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 63
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Journal articleKundu S, Kafizas A, Hyett G, et al., 2011,
An investigation into the effect of thickness of titanium dioxide and gold–silver nanoparticle titanium dioxide composite thin-films on photocatalytic activity and photo-induced oxygen production in a sacrificial system
, Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol: 21, Pages: 6854-6854, ISSN: 0959-9428 -
Journal articleDunnill CW, Ansari Z, Kafizas A, et al., 2011,
Visible light photocatalysts—N-doped TiO2 by sol–gel, enhanced with surface bound silver nanoparticle islands
, Journal of Materials Chemistry, Pages: 11854-11861, ISSN: 0959-9428 -
Journal articleKafizas A, Crick C, Parkin IP, 2010,
The combinatorial atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (cAPCVD) of a gradating substitutional/interstitial N-doped anatase TiO2 thin-film; UVA and visible light photocatalytic activities.
, Vol: 216, Pages: 156-166-156-166, ISSN: 1010-6030
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Dr. Andreas Kafizas
Leader - Solar Coatings Group
e-mail: a.kafizas@imperial.ac.uk
tel: +44(0)20 7594 6752
twitter: @CoatingsSolar