Imperial College London
Alternate

Emeritus ProfessorAnitaHoldcroft

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer

Emeritus Reader in Anaesthetics
 
 
 
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Contact

 

a.holdcroft

 
 
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Location

 

G4.42Chelsea and Westminster HospitalChelsea and Westminster Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Richardson:2009:10.2217/17455057.5.1.79,
author = {Richardson, J and Holdcroft, A},
doi = {10.2217/17455057.5.1.79},
journal = {Womens Health (Lond)},
pages = {79--90},
title = {Gender differences and pain medication.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17455057.5.1.79},
volume = {5},
year = {2009}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Subtle genetic and psychological variations are increasingly recognized to contribute to pain and analgesic efficacy and safety. The influence of sex on this relationship remains poorly understood, particularly in humans. The issue is complicated by the overlay of gender onto physical sex, and its associated stereotypes and expectations. Women appear to use more pain-relieving medications than men; however, it remains unclear whether these observations represent true differences in analgesic usage patterns, or reporting bias. Differences in analgesic efficacy relating to body composition, metabolism and hormonal profiles have been demonstrated. Psychological and social elements of gender have also been associated with altered pain experiences and analgesic use profiles, albeit with significant individual variations. Intra-group differences may ultimately prove more important than sex differences. Further research may unravel the various threads linking gender and sex effects on analgesia with the aim of individualizing analgesia to optimize pain relief.
AU  - Richardson,J
AU  - Holdcroft,A
DO  - 10.2217/17455057.5.1.79
EP  - 90
PY  - 2009///
SP  - 79
TI  - Gender differences and pain medication.
T2  - Womens Health (Lond)
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17455057.5.1.79
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19102644
VL  - 5
ER  -
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