Imperial College London
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DrDavidGreen

Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health

Senior Research Fellow
 
 
 
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d.green

 
 
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Sir Michael Uren HubWhite City Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Liu:2024:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519,
author = {Liu, X and Lara, R and Dufresne, M and Wu, L and Zhang, X and Wang, T and Monge, M and Reche, C and Di, Leo A and Lanzani, G and Colombi, C and Font, A and Sheehan, A and Green, DC and Makkonen, U and Sauvage, S and Salameh, T and Petit, J-E and Chatain, M and Coe, H and Hou, S and Harrison, R and Hopke, PK and Petäjä, T and Alastuey, A and Querol, X},
doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519},
journal = {Environment International},
title = {Variability of ambient air ammonia in urban Europe (Finland, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK)},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519},
volume = {185},
year = {2024}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - This study addressed the scarcity of NH3 measurements in urban Europe and the diverse monitoring protocols, hindering direct data comparison. Sixty-nine datasets from Finland, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK across various site types, including industrial (IND, 8), traffic (TR, 12), urban (UB, 22), suburban (SUB, 12), and regional background (RB, 15), are analyzed to this study. Among these, 26 sites provided 5, or more, years of data for time series analysis. Despite varied protocols, necessitating future harmonization, the average NH3 concentration across sites reached 8.0 ± 8.9 μg/m3. Excluding farming/agricultural hotspots (FAHs), IND and TR sites had the highest concentrations (4.7 ± 3.2 and 4.5 ± 1.0 μg/m3), followed by UB, SUB, and RB sites (3.3 ± 1.5, 2.7 ± 1.3, and 1.0 ± 0.3 μg/m3, respectively) indicating that industrial, traffic, and other urban sources were primary contributors to NH3 outside FAH regions. When referring exclusively to the FAHs, concentrations ranged from 10.0 ± 2.3 to 15.6 ± 17.2 μg/m3, with the highest concentrations being reached in RB sites close to the farming and agricultural sources, and that, on average for FAHs there is a decreasing NH3 concentration gradient towards the city. Time trends showed that over half of the sites (18/26) observed statistically significant trends. Approximately 50 % of UB and TR sites showed a decreasing trend, while 30 % an increasing one. Meta-analysis revealed a small insignificant decreasing trend for non-FAH RB sites. In FAHs, there was a significant upward trend at a rate of 3.51[0.45,6.57]%/yr. Seasonal patterns of NH3 concentrations varied, with urban areas experiencing fluctuations influenced by surrounding emissions, particularly in FAHs. Diel variation showed differing patterns at urban monitoring sites, all with high
AU  - Liu,X
AU  - Lara,R
AU  - Dufresne,M
AU  - Wu,L
AU  - Zhang,X
AU  - Wang,T
AU  - Monge,M
AU  - Reche,C
AU  - Di,Leo A
AU  - Lanzani,G
AU  - Colombi,C
AU  - Font,A
AU  - Sheehan,A
AU  - Green,DC
AU  - Makkonen,U
AU  - Sauvage,S
AU  - Salameh,T
AU  - Petit,J-E
AU  - Chatain,M
AU  - Coe,H
AU  - Hou,S
AU  - Harrison,R
AU  - Hopke,PK
AU  - Petäjä,T
AU  - Alastuey,A
AU  - Querol,X
DO  - 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519
PY  - 2024///
SN  - 0160-4120
TI  - Variability of ambient air ammonia in urban Europe (Finland, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK)
T2  - Environment International
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38428189
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024001053?via%3Dihub
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/110393
VL  - 185
ER  -
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