Publications
370 results found
Jaffe A, 2009, Not wrapped up yet, Physics World, Vol: 22, Pages: 36-37, ISSN: 0953-8585
Jaffe AH, 2009, Bayesian analysis of cosmic microwave background data, Bayesian Methods in Cosmology, Pages: 229-244, ISBN: 9780521887946
Introduction Surveying the Universe is the ultimate remote sensing problem. Inferring the intrinsic properties of the galaxy population, via analysis of survey-generated catalogues, is a major challenge for twenty-first century cosmology, but this challenge must be met without any prospect of measuring these properties in situ. Thus, for example, our knowledge of the intrinsic luminosity and spatial distribution of galaxies is filtered by imperfect distance information and by observational selection effects, issues which have come to be known generically in the literature as 'Malmquist bias'. Figure 11.1 shows schematically how such effects may distort our inferences about the underlying population since, in general, these must be derived from a noisy, sparse and truncated sample of galaxies. There is a long (and mostly honourable!) tradition in the astronomical literature of attempts to cast such remote surveying problems within a rigorous statistical framework. Indeed, it is interesting to note that seminal examples from the early twentieth century (Eddington 1913, 1940; Malmquist 1920, 1922) display, at least with hindsight, hints of a Bayesian formulation long before the recent renaissance of Bayesian methods in astronomy. Unfortunately, space does not permit us to review in detail that early literature, nor many of the more recent papers which evolved from it. A more thorough discussion of the literature on statistical analysis of survey data can be found in, e.g., Hendry and Simmons (1995), Strauss and Willick (1995), Teerikorpi (1997) and Loredo (2007).
Hobson MP, Jaffe AH, Liddle AR, et al., 2009, Bayesian methods in cosmology, ISBN: 9780521887946
In recent years cosmologists have advanced from largely qualitative models of the Universe to precision modelling using Bayesian methods, in order to determine the properties of the Universe to high accuracy. This timely book is the only comprehensive introduction to the use of Bayesian methods in cosmological studies, and is an essential reference for graduate students and researchers in cosmology, astrophysics and applied statistics. The first part of the book focuses on methodology, setting the basic foundations and giving a detailed description of techniques. It covers topics including the estimation of parameters, Bayesian model comparison, and separation of signals. The second part explores a diverse range of applications, from the detection of astronomical sources (including through gravitational waves), to cosmic microwave background analysis and the quantification and classification of galaxy properties. Contributions from 24 highly regarded cosmologists and statisticians make this an authoritative guide to the subject.
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- Citations: 43
Jaffe A, 2008, Blog life:<i>Leaves on the line</i>, Physics World, Vol: 21, Pages: 41-41, ISSN: 0953-8585
Grainger W, Aboobaker AM, Ade P, et al., 2008, EBEX - The e and B experiment, ISSN: 0277-786X
The E and B Experiment, EBEX, is a Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiment designed to detect or set upper limits on the signature of primordial gravity waves. Primordial gravity waves are predicted to be produced by inflation, and a measurement of the power spectrum of these gravity waves is a measurement of the energy scale of inflation. EBEX has sufficient sensitivity to detect or set an upper limit at 95% confidence on the energy scale of inflation of < 1.4 × 1016 GeV. This article reviews our strategy for achieving our science goals and discusses the implementation of the instrument.
Lee AT, Tran H, Ade P, et al., 2008, POLARBEAR: Ultra-high energy physics with measurements of CMB polarization, Conference on Accelerators in the Universe, Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 66-+, ISSN: 0094-243X
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- Citations: 23
De Troia G, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2007, Searching for non-Gaussian signals in the BOOMERANG 2003 CMB maps, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 670, Pages: L73-L76, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 18
Jaffe A, 2007, Space and time gift-wrapped, Nature, Vol: 450, Pages: 32-32, ISSN: 0028-0836
Niarchou A, Jaffe A, 2007, Imprints of spherical nontrivial topologies on the cosmic microwave background., Phys Rev Lett, Vol: 99, ISSN: 0031-9007
The apparent low power in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy power spectrum derived from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe motivated us to consider the possibility of a nontrivial topology. We focus on simple spherical multiconnected manifolds and discuss their implications for the CMB in terms of the power spectrum, maps, and the correlation matrix. We perform a Bayesian model comparison against the fiducial best-fit cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant based both on the power spectrum and the correlation matrix to assess their statistical significance. We find that the first-year power spectrum shows a slight preference for the truncated cube space, but the three-year data show no evidence for any of these spaces.
Johnson BR, Collins J, Abroe ME, et al., 2007, Maxipol: Cosmic microwave background polarimetry using a rotating half-wave plate, ASTROPHYS J, Vol: 665, Pages: 42-54, ISSN: 0004-637X
We discuss MAXIPOL, a bolometric balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the E-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). MAXIPOL is the first bolometric CMB experiment to observe the sky using rapid polarization modulation. To build MAXIPOL, the CMB temperature anisotropy experiment MAXIMA was retrofitted with a rotating half-wave plate and a stationary analyzer. We describe the instrument, the observations, the calibration, and the reduction of data collected with 12 polarimeters operating at 140 GHz and with a FWHM beam size of 10'. We present maps of the Q and U Stokes parameters of an 8 deg(2) region of the sky near the star beta UMi. The power spectra computed from these maps give weak evidence for an EE signal. The maximum likelihood amplitude of l(l +/- 1) C-l(EE)/2 pi is 55(-45)(+51) mu K-2 (68%), and the likelihood function is asymmetric and skewed positive such that with a uniform prior the probability that the amplitude is positive is 96%. This result is consistent with the expected concordance Lambda CDM amplitude of 14 mu K-2. The maximum likelihood amplitudes for l(l + 1) C-l(BB)/2 pi and l(l + 1) C-l(EB)/2 pi are -31(-19)(+31) and 18(-34)(+27) mu K-2 ( 68%), respectively, which are consistent with zero. All of the results are for one bin in the range 151 <= l <= 693. Tests revealed no residual systematic errors in the time or map domain. A comprehensive discussion of the analysis of the data is presented in a companion paper.
Johnson BR, Other AN, Jaffe AH, et al., 2007, MAXIPOL: Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimetry Using a Rotating Half-Wave Plate, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 665, Pages: 42-54
Why do I have to type this if I know the DOI???
Wu JHP, Zuntz JA, Abroe MA, et al., 2007, MAXIPOL: Data Analysis and Results, Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 665, Pages: 55-66
We present results from and the analysis of data from MAXIPOL, a balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the polarization in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). MAXIPOL is the first CMB experiment to obtain results using a rotating half-wave plate as a rapid polarization modulator. We report results from observations of a sky area of 8 deg2 with 10' resolution, providing information up to l~700. We use a maximum likelihood method to estimate maps of the Q and U Stokes parameters from the demodulated time streams, and then both Bayesian and frequentist approaches to compute the EE, EB, and BB power spectra. Detailed formalisms of the analyses are given. We give results for the amplitude of the power spectra assuming different shape functions within the l bins, with and without a prior CEBl=CBBl=0, and with and without inclusion of calibration uncertainty. We show results from systematic tests including differencing of maps, analyzing sky areas of different sizes, assessing the influence of leakage from temperature to polarization, and quantifying the Gaussianity of the maps. We find no evidence for systematic errors. The Bayesian analysis gives weak evidence for an EE signal. The EE power is 55+51-45 μK2 at the 68% confidence level for l=151-693. Its likelihood function is asymmetric and skewed positive such that with a uniform prior the probability of a positive EE power is 96%. The powers of EB and BB signals at the 68% confidence level are 18+27-34 and -31+31-19 μK2, respectively, and thus consistent with zero. The upper limit of the BB-mode at the 95% confidence level is 9.5 μK. Results from the frequentist approach are in agreement within statistical errors. These results are consistent with the current concordance ΛCDM model.
Piacentini F, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2007, CMB polarization with BOOMERANG 2003, Francesco Melchiorri Memorial Conference, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, Pages: 244-249, ISSN: 1387-6473
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- Citations: 2
De Troia G, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2007, Searching for non-Gaussian signals in the BOOMERanG 2003 CMB map: Preliminary results, Francesco Melchiorri Memorial Conference, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, Pages: 250-255, ISSN: 1387-6473
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- Citations: 3
Masi S, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2007, The millimeter sky as seen with BOOMERanG, Francesco Melchiorri Memorial Conference, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, Pages: 236-243, ISSN: 1387-6473
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- Citations: 2
Jones WC, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, Observations of the temperature and polarization anisotropies with BOOMERANG 2003, Workshop on Fundamental Physics with Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, Pages: 945-950, ISSN: 1387-6473
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- Citations: 6
Masi S, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, Instrument, method, brightness, and polarization maps from the 2003 flight of BOOMERanG, ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, Vol: 458, Pages: 687-716, ISSN: 1432-0746
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- Citations: 98
MacTavish CJ, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, Cosmological parameters from the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 647, Pages: 799-812, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 163
Jones WC, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, A measurement of the angular power spectrum of the CMB temperature anisotropy from the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 647, Pages: 823-832, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 187
Piacentini F, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, A measurement of the polarization-temperature angular cross-power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background from the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 647, Pages: 833-839, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 126
Montroy TE, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, A measurement of the CMB {EE} spectrum from the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 647, Pages: 813-822, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 221
Rabii B, Winant CD, Collins JS, et al., 2006, MAXIMA: A balloon-borne cosmic microwave background anisotropy experiment, REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, Vol: 77, ISSN: 0034-6748
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- Citations: 12
Johnson BR, Abroe LE, Ade PAR, et al., 2006, Half-Wave Plate Polarimetry with MAXIPOL, Pages: 86-89
We discuss the use of half-wave plate (HWP) polarimetry for bolometric measurements ofthe polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation ( CMB) . The information presented here comes from experience gained during a balloon-borne experiment called MAXIPOL, which is the instrument from the CMB temperature anisotropy experiment, MAXIMA, retrofitted with a rotating HWP and wire-grid analyzer. We describe the HWP polarimetry technique and associated systematic errors. For MAXIPOL, we found the method worked well and that after appropriate corrections, any residual HWP systematic errors were less than the statistical noise. Therefore, the method appears to be promising for E and Bmode characterization. The hardware and data analysis techniques developed for MAXIPOL may be useful for the development of future B-mode experiments.
Jaffe AH, 2006, Statistics in astrophysics and cosmology: Phystat05, Pages: 273-278
In this conference summary on Astrophysics talks at PhyStat05, I will discuss the various philosophical and pragmatic approaches to problems of statistics in astrophysics (and cosmology in particular), and their application to a few modern problems discussed at this meeting. In particular, I will develop a Bayesian formalism for the analysis of data from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments. Copyright © 2006 by Imperial College Press.
Bernardis PD, Ade PAR, Bock JJ, et al., 2006, BOOMERANG-BO3 observations of CMB anisotropy and polarization, Pages: 57-64
The BOOMERANg-B03 experiment has performed three surveys (deep, shallow, galactic) of selected regions of the southern sky. Maps of the Stores parameters I. Q, U at 145, 245, 345 GHz have been obtained, covering several hundreds of square degrees, with a resolution of ~ 10'. In the deep and shallow surveys, both at high Galactic: Latitudes, the 1 45 GHz I map is dominated by CMB anisotropy. The angular power spectrum cj 1 is consistent with previous measurements from BOOMERanG-B98 . with extended multipoles range and improved precision. A polarized CMB component is detected in the deep survey. The level and shape of cjE and cfE are consistent with the CMB polarization expected in the adiabatic inflationary model best fitting the c7r. Foregrounds are shown to be negligible in the deep survey at 145 GHz.
Niarchou A, Jaffe AH, 2006, Predicting and analyzing topological correlations in the CMB, 7th International Conference of the Hellenic-Astronomical-Society, Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 774-+, ISSN: 0094-243X
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- Citations: 4
Polenta G, Ade PAR, Balbi A, et al., 2005, BOOMERanG results, 35th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, Pages: 1064-1069, ISSN: 0273-1177
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- Citations: 2
de Bernardis P, De Troia G, Giacometti M, et al., 2005, Maps of the millimetre sky from the BOOMERanG experiment, 216th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union, Publisher: ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC, Pages: 35-42, ISSN: 0074-1809
Jaffe AH, 2004, Observing gravitational radiation with QSO proper motions and the SKA, NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS, Vol: 48, Pages: 1483-1485, ISSN: 1387-6473
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- Citations: 12
Jaffe AH, Balbi A, Bond JR, et al., 2004, Determining foreground contamination in cosmic microwave background observations: Diffuse Galactic emission in the MAXIMA-I field, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 615, Pages: 55-62, ISSN: 0004-637X
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- Citations: 9
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