Publications
37 results found
Eluwah C, Fennell PS, Tighe CJ, et al., 2023, A novel technological blue hydrogen production process: industrial sorption enhanced autothermal membrane (ISEAM), Energy Advances, Vol: 2, Pages: 1476-1494, ISSN: 2753-1457
A novel technological industrial blue hydrogen production process – the Industrial Sorption Enhanced Autothermal Membrane (ISEAM) process, with the potential to produce constant fuel cell grade hydrogen with a purity of 99.99%, regardless of upstream process upsets, has been modelled using an Aspen Plus simulator and MATLAB (including both thermodynamics and kinetics analysis). The process exhibits a very high hydrogen yield (99%), and methane conversion (99.9%), with a low carbon monoxide footprint (at ppm levels). The results were validated by comparing against experimental data published in the literature. Parametric evaluations were later conducted to identify the optimal operating conditions for the developed blue hydrogen ISEAM process. The required reforming heat is provided by the exothermic carbonation reaction of a sorbent, while chemical looping of the oxygen carrier (metal oxides) provides the regeneration heat required for the saturated sorbent, in a novel multi-tubular packed shell and tube reactor. Pinch analysis shows that the process is auto thermal (so it does not need any external heating utility) and can achieve an extremely high 97.5% thermal and hydrogen production efficiency. The ISEAM process was benchmarked against an industrial steam methane reforming (SMR) plant and the result shows ≥32% improvements in most of the technical parameters that were evaluated. Economic evaluation shows a levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of $2.6 per kg-H2 for the baseline SMR plant compared with $1.3 per kg-H2 for the ISEAM process (a 50% cost reduction). The cost of CO2 removal (CCR) was calculated as $180 per tonneCO2 for the baseline SMR process compared with $33.2 per tonneCO2 (81.6% cost reduction) for the novel process. The novel ISEAM process utilizes mature and existing industry technologies such as desulphurization, pre-reforming, adsorption, membranes, waste heat boilers, and pressure swing adsorption. Because of this, scale-up is easier and
Braddock D, Lancaster B, Tighe C, et al., 2023, Surmounting byproduct inhibition in an intermolecular catalytic asymmetric alkene bromoesterification reaction as revealed by kinetic profiling, Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol: 88, Pages: 8904-8914, ISSN: 0022-3263
Kinetic profiling has shown that a (DHQD)2PHAL catalysed intermolecular asymmetric alkene bromoesterification reaction is inhibited by primary amides, imides, hydantoins and secondary cyclic amides, which are by-products of common stoichiometric bromenium ion sources. Two approaches to resolving the inhibition are presented enabling the (DHQD)2PHAL loading to be dropped from 10 to 1 mol% while maintaining high bromoester conversions over short reaction times. Iterative post-reaction recrystallisations enabled a homochiral bromonaphthoate ester to be synthesised using only 1 mol% (DHQD)2PHAL.
Wang S, Panayides J-L, Riley D, et al., 2021, Rapid formation of 2-lithio-1-(triphenylmethyl)imidazole and substitution reactions in flow, Reaction Chemistry and Engineering, Vol: 6, Pages: 2018-2023, ISSN: 2058-9883
The functionalisation of imidazoles is a necessary step in the formation of many active pharmaceutical intermediates. Herein, we report a flow chemistry approach for the rapid and efficient formation of 2-lithio-1-(triphenylmethyl)imidazole at ambient temperature and its reaction with a range of electrophiles, achieving modest to high yields (40–94%) in short reaction times (<1 min). The method is amenable to the scale-up of this highly reactive lithio-imidazole intermediate.
Tighe CJ, Maraj MP, Richardson SM, 2021, Sharing good practice in process safety teaching, Education for Chemical Engineers, Vol: 36, Pages: 73-81, ISSN: 1749-7728
The teaching of safety is one of the most important and transferrable subjects in the undergraduate chemical engineering curriculum. However, whilst different institutions have a broadly similar approach to educating students in core topics such as transport processes, approaches to safety teaching are somewhat more variable. This paper describes, analyses and reflects on our approach to safety teaching. It was found that not only are the requirements for accreditation of the degree programme by the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) met, but the majority of the IChemE Safety Centre’s (ISC) recommendations are also covered. Student feedback on the 3rd year Safety and Loss Prevention (S&LP) module showed that the course has been consistently well received by the students, pointing to good course structure and coherence being a significant factor. Analysis of the outcomes of the 2020 final examination for S&LP, using Bloom’s taxonomy, supported existing plans to change the mode of assessment of S&LP to a significant coursework project. Finally, plans for a future revision of the S&LP module are presented to serve as one exemplar of good practice in safety teaching, which not only meets the requirements of the accrediting body and industry, but is also enjoyed by students.
Ashley AE, Fuchter MJ, Tighe C, et al., 2018, Direct reductive amination of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by a moisture tolerant Tin (IV) Lewis acid, Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, Vol: 360, Pages: 1066-1071, ISSN: 1615-4150
Despite the ever-broadening applications of main-group ‘frustrated Lewis pair’ (FLP) chemistry to both new and established reactions, their typical intolerance of water, especially at elevated temperatures (>100 °C), represents a key barrier to their mainstream adoption. Herein we report that FLPs based on the Lewis acid iPr3SnOTf are moisture tolerant in the presence of moderately strong nitrogenous bases, even under high temperature regimes, allowing them to operate as simple and effective catalysts for the reductive amination of organic carbonyls, including for challenging bulky amine and carbonyl substrate partners.
Efika EC, Contreras Quintanilla C, Torin Ollarves GA, et al., 2017, High-Pressure High-Temperature Phase Equilibria of Crude Oil + CO2, Petrophase 2017
Contreras Quintanilla C, Efika EC, Torin Ollarves GA, et al., 2016, Experimental and Modelling study of the HPHT Phase Equilibria of crude oil, 29th European Symposium on Applied Thermodynamics (ESAT 2017)
Tighe CJ, Twigg MV, Hayhurst AN, et al., 2016, The kinetics of oxidation of Diesel soots and a carbon black (Printex U) by O2 with reference to changes in both size and internal structure of the spherules during burnout, Carbon, Vol: 107, Pages: 20-35, ISSN: 0008-6223
The rates of oxidation of two soots, produced from burning either ultra low sulphur Diesel or biodiesel in an engine, were measured at 450–550 °C, with oxygen concentrations of 2.7–24.4 vol%; Printex U was also studied. These carbons were first heated in argon to remove any volatile material; the resulting particles were found to burn in two stages. An initial, fast, transient reaction consumed almost 20% of the carbon in a soot particle. The rates of oxidation, during the second part of burnout were consistent with a model assuming these soots are comprised of porous spherules, which burn throughout their interiors. The overall rates in this second stage of burning were half-order with respect to O2, with an apparent activation energy of 145 ± 8 kJ mol−1. For the two Diesel soots, [CO2] and [CO] in the off-gases decreased, whilst the carbon burned, but the rate of oxidation of Printex U increased to a second maximum. This was consistent with the spherules in this carbon having pores, which grew and intersected, whilst the carbon was consumed. Thus the interiors of spherules of both Diesel soots and Printex U must have been accessible to O2, whilst they burned.
Makwana NM, Tighe CJ, Gruar RI, et al., 2016, Pilot plant scale continuous hydrothermal synthesis of nano-titania; effect of size on photocatalytic activity, MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING, Vol: 42, Pages: 131-137, ISSN: 1369-8001
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- Citations: 21
Marchand P, Makwana NM, Tighe CJ, et al., 2016, High-Throughput Synthesis, Screening, and Scale-Up of Optimized Conducting Indium Tin Oxides, ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE, Vol: 18, Pages: 130-137, ISSN: 2156-8952
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- Citations: 21
Johnson ID, Luebke M, Wu OY, et al., 2016, Pilot-scale continuous synthesis of a vanadium-doped LiFePO4/C nanocomposite high-rate cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, Journal of Power Sources, Vol: 302, Pages: 410-418, ISSN: 0378-7753
A high performance vanadium-doped LiFePO4 (LFP) electrode is synthesized using a continuous hydrothermal method at a production rate of 6 kg per day. The supercritical water reagent rapidly generates core/shell nanoparticles with a thin, continuous carbon coating on the surface of LFP, which aids electron transport dynamics across the particle surface. Vanadium dopant concentration has a profound effect on the performance of LFP, where the composition LiFe0.95V0.05PO4, achieves a specific discharge capacity which is among the highest in the comparable literature (119 mA h g−1 at a discharge rate of 1500 mA g−1). Additionally, a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis and hybrid-exchange density functional theory, suggest that vanadium ions replace both phosphorous and iron in the structure, thereby facilitating Li+ diffusion due to Li+ vacancy generation and changes in the crystal structure.
Naik AJT, Gruar R, Tighe CJ, et al., 2015, Environmental sensing semiconducting nanoceramics made using a continuous hydrothermal synthesis pilot plant, SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL, Vol: 217, Pages: 136-145, ISSN: 0925-4005
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- Citations: 10
Luebke M, Makwana NM, Gruar R, et al., 2015, High capacity nanocomposite Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Fe anodes for Li-ion batteries, JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, Vol: 291, Pages: 102-107, ISSN: 0378-7753
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- Citations: 34
Denis CJ, Tighe CJ, Gruar RI, et al., 2015, Nucleation and Growth of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in a Continuous Hydrothermal Reactor under Laminar and Turbulent Flow, CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN, Vol: 15, Pages: 4256-4265, ISSN: 1528-7483
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- Citations: 22
Gruar RI, Tighe CJ, Southern P, et al., 2015, A Direct and Continuous Supercritical Water Process for the Synthesis of Surface-Functionalized Nanoparticles, INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, Vol: 54, Pages: 7436-7451, ISSN: 0888-5885
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- Citations: 11
Boldrin P, Ruiz Trejo E, Tighe C, et al., 2015, Impregnation of nanoparticle scaffolds for syngas-fed solid oxide fuel cell anodes, ECS Conference on Electrochemical Energy Conversion & Storage with SOFC-XIV, Publisher: Electrochemical Society, Pages: 1219-1227, ISSN: 1938-6737
A strategy for fabrication of solid oxide fuel cell anodes with improved porosity and lower sintering temperatures by impregnation of nanoparticle-containing porous scaffolds of ceria-gadolinia (CGO) has been developed. The CGO scaffolds are fabricated using a screen-printed ink containing nanoparticles and commercial particles of CGO and polymeric pore formers. Scanning electron microscopy and in situ ultra-small angle X-ray scattering show that incorporation of nanoparticles increases the porosity by allowing a reduction in sintering temperature. Electrochemical characterisation of symmetrical cells shows that the cells sintered at 1000°C possess similar electrode polarisation compared to those sintered at 1300°C. Button cell testing showed that reducing the sintering temperature produced cells which perform better at 700°C and below in hydrogen, and performed better at all temperatures using syngas. This approach has the potential to allow the use of a wider range of nanomaterials, giving a finer control over microstructure.
Boldrin P, Ruiz-Trejo E, Yu J, et al., 2015, Nanoparticle scaffolds for syngas-fed solid oxide fuel cells, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 3, Pages: 3011-3018, ISSN: 2050-7488
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- Citations: 11
Robinson BW, Tighe CJ, Gruar RI, et al., 2015, Suspension plasma sprayed coatings using dilute hydrothermally produced titania feedstocks for photocatalytic applications, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 3, Pages: 12680-12689, ISSN: 2050-7488
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- Citations: 19
Ruiz-Trejo E, Boldrin P, Lubin A, et al., 2014, Novel Composite Cermet for Low-Metal-Content Oxygen Separation Membranes, Chemistry of Materials
Middelkoop V, Tighe CJ, Kellici S, et al., 2014, Imaging the continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of nanoparticulate CeO<sub>2</sub> at different supercritical water temperatures using in situ angle-dispersive diffraction, JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS, Vol: 87, Pages: 118-128, ISSN: 0896-8446
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- Citations: 19
Cooper JFK, Ionescu A, Langford RM, et al., 2013, Core/shell magnetism in NiO nanoparticles, JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, Vol: 114, ISSN: 0021-8979
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- Citations: 42
Shi L, Naik AJT, Goodall JBM, et al., 2013, Highly Sensitive ZnO Nanorod- and Nanoprism-Based NO<sub>2</sub> Gas Sensors: Size and Shape Control Using a Continuous Hydrothermal Pilot Plant, LANGMUIR, Vol: 29, Pages: 10603-10609, ISSN: 0743-7463
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- Citations: 85
Tighe CJ, Cabrera RQ, Gruar RI, et al., 2013, Scale Up Production of Nanoparticles: Continuous Supercritical Water Synthesis of Ce-Zn Oxides, INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, Vol: 52, Pages: 5522-5528, ISSN: 0888-5885
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- Citations: 76
Gruar RI, Tighe CJ, Darr JA, 2013, Scaling-up a Confined Jet Reactor for the Continuous Hydrothermal Manufacture of Nanomaterials, INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, Vol: 52, Pages: 5270-5281, ISSN: 0888-5885
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- Citations: 82
Tighe CJ, Gruar RI, Ma CY, et al., 2012, Investigation of counter-current mixing in a continuous hydrothermal flow reactor, JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS, Vol: 62, Pages: 165-172, ISSN: 0896-8446
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- Citations: 32
Ma CY, Wang XZ, Tighe CJ, et al., 2012, Modelling and simulation of counter-current and confined jet reactors for continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of nano-materials, Pages: 874-879, ISSN: 1474-6670
Computational fluid dynamics is applied to a comparative study of a counter-current reactor and a confined jet reactor for continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of nanomaterials under supercritical water conditions. The fluid flow and heat transfer variables including velocity and temperature profiles in both reactor configurations are simulated using ANSYS Fluent package. The tracer concentration profiles are also modelled via solving species equations from which the mixing behaviour in the reactors is investigated. The predicted temperatures are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. The simulation also provides suggestions to improving the reactor designs and process control. © 2012 IFAC.
Tighe CJ, Twigg MV, Hayhurst AN, et al., 2012, The kinetics of oxidation of Diesel soots by NO<sub>2</sub>, COMBUSTION AND FLAME, Vol: 159, Pages: 77-90, ISSN: 0010-2180
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- Citations: 75
Gruar RI, Tighe CJ, Muir J, et al., 2012, Continuous hydrothermal synthesis of surface-functionalised nanophosphors for biological imaging, RSC ADVANCES, Vol: 2, Pages: 10037-10047
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- Citations: 11
Ma CY, Wang XZ, Tighe CJ, et al., 2012, Simulation of Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in Confined Jet Reactors of Different Size Scales for Nanomaterial Production, 11TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, PTS A AND B, Vol: 31, Pages: 1236-1240, ISSN: 1570-7946
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- Citations: 3
Tighe CJ, Twigg MV, Hayhurst AN, et al., 2011, Adsorption and Reaction of NO<sub>2</sub> on Carbon Black and Diesel Soot at Near-Ambient Temperatures, INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, Vol: 50, Pages: 10480-10492, ISSN: 0888-5885
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- Citations: 19
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