Publications
528 results found
Ward H, Bell G, 2014, Partner notification., Medicine (Abingdon), Vol: 42, Pages: 314-317, ISSN: 1357-3039
Partner notification is an essential part of case management for sexually transmitted infections. Done correctly it reduces persistent or recurrent infection in the index patient, identifies previously undiagnosed infections, and may thus contribute to reduced transmission in the population. The effectiveness of patient referral of partners can be enhanced through the provision of written information and easy access to tests and medication. A recent systematic review of partner notification found that enhanced partner therapy (helping get treatment to partners more rapidly) reduced re-infection in the index case by almost 30% compared with simple patient referral. Provider referral, where the healthcare worker contacts partners directly, can also be effective, and provides an important service for patients who are wary of informing partners themselves. Partner notification services should be available for all patients found to have a sexually transmitted infection, whether the diagnosis is made in specialist settings, or in primary or community-based care. For patients with HIV, partner notification should be addressed when the infection is first diagnosed and revisited for subsequent partners. Access to specialist partner notification services is an important part of any sexual healthcare system. The professional competencies required to undertake partner notification have now been clearly defined.
Macdonald N, Sullivan AK, French P, et al., 2014, Risk factors for rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in gay men: results of a multicentre case-control study in the UK, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 90, Pages: 262-268, ISSN: 1368-4973
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- Citations: 36
Roenn M, Hughes G, White P, et al., 2014, Characteristics of LGV repeaters: analysis of LGV surveillance data, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 90, Pages: 275-278, ISSN: 1368-4973
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- Citations: 13
Pallawela SNS, Sullivan AK, Macdonald N, et al., 2014, Clinical predictors of rectal lymphogranuloma venereum infection: results from a multicentre case-control study in the UK, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Vol: 90, Pages: 269-274, ISSN: 1368-4973
Objective: Since 2003, over 2000 cases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) have been diagnosed in the UK in men who have sex with men (MSM). Most cases present with proctitis, but there are limited data on how to differentiate clinically between LGV and other pathology. We analysed the clinical presentations of rectal LGV in MSM to identify clinical characteristics predictive of LGV proctitis and produced a clinical prediction model.Design: A prospective multicentre case–control study was conducted at six UK hospitals from 2008 to 2010. Cases of rectal LGV were compared with controls with rectal symptoms but without LGV.Methods: Data from 98 LGV cases and 81 controls were collected from patients and clinicians using computer-assisted self-interviews and clinical report forms. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare symptoms and signs. Clinical prediction models for LGV were compared using receiver operating curves.Results: Tenesmus, constipation, anal discharge and weight loss were significantly more common in cases than controls. In multivariate analysis, tenesmus and constipation alone were suggestive of LGV (OR 2.98, 95% CI 0.99 to 8.98 and 2.87, 95% CI 1.01 to 8.15, respectively) and that tenesmus alone or in combination with constipation was a significant predictor of LGV (OR 6.97, 95% CI 2.71 to 17.92). The best clinical prediction was having one or more of tenesmus, constipation and exudate on proctoscopy, with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 65%.Conclusions: This study indicates that tenesmus alone or in combination with constipation makes a diagnosis of LGV in MSM presenting with rectal symptoms more likely.
Crawford MJ, Sanatinia R, Barrett B, et al., 2014, The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of brief intervention for excessive alcohol consumption among people attending sexual health clinics: a randomised controlled trial (SHEAR), HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, Vol: 18, Pages: 1-+, ISSN: 1366-5278
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- Citations: 12
Elmahdi R, Cooke G, Fidler S, et al., 2014, Continued late diagnosis of HIV in general clinical practice: review of newly diagnosed cases in a large acute London trust (2009-2013), HIV MEDICINE, Vol: 15, Pages: 86-86, ISSN: 1464-2662
Elmahdi R, Fidler S, Ward H, et al., 2014, SPIT (Saliva Patient Initiated Testing for HIV) Study: Feasibility and acceptability of repeat home-based HIV saliva testing using self-sampling amongst men who have sex with men, HIV MEDICINE, Vol: 15, Pages: 101-101, ISSN: 1464-2662
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- Citations: 1
Roenn M, McGrath-Lone L, Davies B, et al., 2014, The comparative performance of vaginal specimens in detecting chlamydia and gonorrhoea infection: a meta-analytic review
McGrath-Lone L, Hughes G, Marsh K, et al., 2014, How accurate are data on sex worker status in genitourinary clinics in England? Results of a cross-sectional survey on the identification and coding of sex worker attendances, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 84-85, ISSN: 1464-2662
Rai T, Lambert H, Ward H, 2014, The relationship between migration and HIV risk in north India, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 46-46, ISSN: 1464-2662
Bone A, Mc Grath-Lone L, Day S, 2014, BMJ Open 2014; 4:e004567., BMJ OPEN, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2044-6055
de Silva S, Dabrera G, Ward H, 2014, The BASHH Public Health Special Interest Group, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 90, Pages: 2-2, ISSN: 1368-4973
Mc Grath-Lone L, Marsh K, Hughes G, et al., 2014, The sexual health of male sex workers in England: analysis of cross-sectional data from genitourinary medicine clinics, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 90, Pages: 38-40, ISSN: 1368-4973
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- Citations: 21
Davies B, Anderson S-J, Turner KME, et al., 2014, How robust are the natural history parameters used in chlamydia transmission dynamic models? A systematic review, THEORETICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL MODELLING, Vol: 11
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- Citations: 17
Aghaizu A, Murphy G, Tosswill J, et al., 2014, Recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) applied to new HIV diagnoses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 2009 to 2011, EUROSURVEILLANCE, Vol: 19, Pages: 5-11, ISSN: 1560-7917
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- Citations: 20
Elmahdi R, Gerver SM, Guillen GG, et al., 2014, Low levels of HIV test coverage in clinical settings in the UK: a systematic review of adherence to 2008 guidelines, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Vol: 90, Pages: 119-124, ISSN: 1368-4973
Objectives: To quantify the extent to which guideline recommendations for routine testing for HIV are adhered to outside of genitourinary medicine (GUM), sexual health (SH) and antenatal clinics.Methods: A systematic review of published data on testing levels following publication of 2008 guidelines was undertaken. Medline, Embase and conference abstracts were searched according to a predefined protocol. We included studies reporting the number of HIV tests administered in those eligible for guideline recommended testing. We excluded reports of testing in settings with established testing surveillance (GUM/SH and antenatal clinics). A random effects meta-analysis was carried out to summarise level of HIV testing across the studies identified.Results: Thirty studies were identified, most of which were retrospective studies or audits of testing practice. Results were heterogeneous. The overall pooled estimate of HIV test coverage was 27.2% (95% CI 22.4% to 32%). Test coverage was marginally higher in patients tested in settings where routine testing is recommended (29.5%) than in those with clinical indicator diseases (22.4%). Provider test offer was found to be lower (40.4%) than patient acceptance of testing (71.5%).Conclusions: Adherence to 2008 national guidelines for HIV testing in the UK is poor outside of GUM/SH and antenatal clinics. Low levels of provider test offer appear to be a major contributor to this. Failure to adhere to testing guidelines is likely to be contributing to late diagnosis with implications for poorer clinical outcomes and continued onwards transmission of HIV. Improved surveillance of HIV testing outside of specialist settings may be useful in increasing adherence testing guidelines.
Day S, Ward H, 2014, Approaching health through the prism of stigma: Research in seven european countries, Sex Work, Mobility & Health, Pages: 139-159, ISBN: 9780710309426
Sophie Day and Helen Ward for the health research group in Europap 1 Introduction: The ‘prostitute’s’ body is inscribed as a site of disease and a source of contagion; these webs of signification affect the research and interventions designed as well as the interpretation of results. Yet, stereotypes about sex work also change and we describe shifts in the imagery since the 1980s, when an AIDS panic was projected on to sex workers who, it was feared, would infect everyone else. This fear was soon dispelled through a lack of corroborative evidence.
Visser J, Randers-Pehrson A, Day S, et al., 2014, Policies towards the sex industry in europe: New models of control, Sex Work, Mobility & Health, Pages: 241-257, ISBN: 9780710309426
Jan Visser, with Arne Randers-Pehrson, Sophie Day, Helen Ward Introduction: It is not easy to acquire reliable information on the nature and scope of the sex industries in the European Union, nor how they change over time. It is equally difficult to agree a common vocabulary and set of concepts to describe this picture. Should we be asking, “how many women, men and children are selling sexual services” or should we formulate this question in other terms: “how many are sold into prostitution?" Some ask, “what kinds of clients buy these services?", whereas others inquire instead, “how many men abuse these victims of sexual exploitation, and what kind of men are they?".
Ward H, Day S, 2014, Introduction: Containing women: Competing moralities in prostitution, ISBN: 9780710309426
Prostitution is a significant part of the European landscape: the sex industry is a major employer today, attracting millions of customers. Images of ‘the prostitute’ shape the gender identity of men and women alike in both negative and positive ways: women may have to avoid red lipstick, longing for red shoes, for fear of being branded a whore; men may have to translate their emotions into hard cash through which they seduce. Men who sell sex themselves are often defined by their bodies, their looks, and they are labelled ‘different’. Prostitution promotes a flurry of anxiety about boundaries, around gender, the family, the nation state, Fortress Europe… Since the times of the so-called White Slave Trade, states have implemented policies for controlling prostitution by containing women at home and unpaid as Wives and Mothers who are not allowed an existence independently of men, and containing women as prostitutes in separate zones, brothels or prisons. During the second half of the 20 th century, women in Europe broke many of these constraints, making use of economic and social opportunities to join the workforce, live and travel independently. Prostitution appeared less central to the definition of women. Yet, contemporary alarm at the massive influx of women into Europe, called Trafficking, has once more prompted new, often contradictory, policies from states seeking both to defend the nation and restrict the space of prostitution as far as possible. As in the 19 th century, prostitution is still the Enlightenment in nightmare form - a caricature of universalism, a network of global intercourse, of interchangeable private female parts loosed from the domestic into the public sphere, transforming the particular (my wife, your daughter) into a public woman accessible to all men.
Day S, Ward H, 2014, Approaching health through the prism of stigma: A longer term perspective, Sex Work, Mobility & Health, Pages: 161-178, ISBN: 9780710309426
Stigma in sex work tends to be so taken for granted that it becomes either mere platitude or monolithic cause, making change unnecessary or impossible. Perhaps because it is so difficult even to conceive of sex work independently of stigma, and because the interactions between stigma and health are so complex, it seems critical to disentangle the various effects at both a conceptual and empirical level. In this chapter, we argue that problems noted in the literature can, in fact, be turned to advantage.
Althaus CL, Turner KME, Mercer CH, et al., 2014, Scientific summary, HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, Vol: 18, Pages: XIX-+, ISSN: 1366-5278
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- Citations: 57
Rönn M, Hughes G, Simms I, et al., 2014, Challenges Presented by Re-Emerging Sexually Transmitted Infections in HIV Positive Men who have Sex with Men: An Observational Study of Lymphogranuloma Venereum in the UK, Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, Vol: 5:329
Bone A, Mc Grath-Lone L, Day S, et al., 2014, Inequalities in the care experiences of patients with cancer: analysis of data from the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey 2011-2012, BMJ OPEN, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2044-6055
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- Citations: 34
Low N, Redmond S, Uusküla A, et al., 2013, Screening for genital chlamydia infection, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Vol: 2013
This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects and safety of chlamydia screening in pregnant and non-pregnant women and in men, compared with standard care, on chlamydia transmission and on complications of infection.
Roenn M, Hughes G, Simms I, et al., 2013, Challenges presented by re-emerging sexually transmitted infections: an observational study of lymphogranuloma venereum in the UK, National Conference on Public Health Science - Dedicated to New Research in Public Health, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Pages: 86-86, ISSN: 0140-6736
Hughes G, Alexander S, Simms I, et al., 2013, Lymphogranuloma venereum diagnoses among men who have sex with men in the UK: interpreting a cross-sectional study using an epidemic phase-specific framework, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 89, Pages: 542-547, ISSN: 1368-4973
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- Citations: 33
Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, et al., 2013, Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, New England Journal of Medicine, Vol: 369, Pages: 1317-1326, ISSN: 1533-4406
BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular safety and efficacy of many current antihyperglycemic agents, including saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, are unclear. METHODS: We randomly assigned 16,492 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a history of, or were at risk for, cardiovascular events to receive saxagliptin or placebo and followed them for a median of 2.1 years. Physicians were permitted to adjust other medications, including antihyperglycemic agents. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. RESULTS: A primary end-point event occurred in 613 patients in the saxagliptin group and in 609 patients in the placebo group (7.3% and 7.2%, respectively, according to 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio with saxagliptin, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.12; P=0.99 for superiority; P<0.001 for noninferiority); the results were similar in the "on-treatment" analysis (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.17). The major secondary end point of a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or heart failure occurred in 1059 patients in the saxagliptin group and in 1034 patients in the placebo group (12.8% and 12.4%, respectively, according to 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.11; P=0.66). More patients in the saxagliptin group than in the placebo group were hospitalized for heart failure (3.5% vs. 2.8%; hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.51; P=0.007). Rates of adjudicated cases of acute and chronic pancreatitis were similar in the two groups (acute pancreatitis, 0.3% in the saxagliptin group and 0.2% in the placebo group; chronic pancreatitis, <0.1% and 0.1% in the two groups, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: DPP-4 inhibition with saxagliptin did not increase or decrease the rate of ischemic events, though the rate of hospitalization for heart fa
Davies B, Anderson S, Turner KME, et al., 2013, HOW ROBUST ARE THE DESCRIPTIONS OF CHLAMYDIA NATURAL HISTORY USED IN ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS OF CONTROL STRATEGIES?
Redmond S, Woodhall S, van Bergen J, et al., 2013, ESTIMATING THE POPULATION PREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIA IN EUROPE: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 89, Pages: A152-A152, ISSN: 1368-4973
Lone LMG, Marsh K, Hughes G, et al., 2013, THE SEXUAL HEALTH OF MALE AND FEMALE SEX WORKERS ATTENDING GENITOURINARY MEDICINE CLINICS IN ENGLAND, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 89, Pages: A201-A202, ISSN: 1368-4973
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