Publications
2089 results found
Barbir M, Lazem F, Ilsley C, et al., 1994, Coronary artery surgery in women compared with men: analysis of coronary risk factors and in-hospital mortality in a single centre., Br Heart J, Vol: 71, Pages: 408-412, ISSN: 0007-0769
OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in coronary risk factors between women and men and their relation to in-hospital mortality associated with coronary artery bypass grafting. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: A regional cardiothoracic centre. PATIENTS: 482 (362 (75%) men and 120 (25%) women) consecutive patients who had primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. RESULTS: The women were on average three years older than the men (63 v 60 years, P < 0.001). Women more frequently had hypertension (47% v 33%, P < 0.01), diabetes mellitus (21% v 10%, P < 0.005), hypothyroidism (9% v 2%, P < 0.003), and a family history of premature coronary heart disease (49% v 31%, P < 0.0006). More of the men were cigarette smokers (67% v 45%, P > 0.00001). Many of the women and men had dyslipidaemia. Postmenopausal women had a higher concentration of serum total cholesterol than men of a comparable age, (7.3 mmol/l v 6.5 mmol/l, P = 0.0002). Although arterial grafts were often used in both sexes, they were more often used in men than in women (91% v 78% respectively, P = 0.0003). In-hospital mortality was 2.1% (1.4% in men and 4.2% in women, P = 0.14). The estimated one year probability of survival in men who had survived 30 days was 0.99 with 95% confidence interval 0.98 to approximately 1 while that for women was 0.97 with 95% confidence interval 0.91 to approximately 1. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative history of diabetes mellitus was a predictor of mortality (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: There were differences in the incidence and type of risk factors in men and women who had coronary artery bypass grafting. Preoperative diabetes mellitus was a predictor of in-hospital mortality.
KUSHWAHA SS, BANNER NR, PATEL N, et al., 1994, EFFECT OF BETA-BLOCKADE ON THE NEUROHUMORAL AND CARDIOPULMONARY RESPONSE TO DYNAMIC EXERCISE IN CARDIAC TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS - ABSTRACTS, BRITISH HEART JOURNAL, Vol: 71, Pages: 431-436, ISSN: 0007-0769
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- Citations: 26
WARD JK, BARNES PJ, TADJKARIMI S, et al., 1994, NONADRENERGIC NONCHOLINERGIC NEURAL RELAXATION IN HUMAN TRACHEAL SMOOTH-MUSCLE IS MEDIATED BY AN INCREASE IN CGMP - FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF NITRIC-OXIDE, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 112, Pages: U42-U42, ISSN: 0007-1188
CHESTER AH, PANDA R, BORLAND JAA, et al., 1994, EFFECT OF MODE OF APPLICATION OF PAPAVERINE ON THE CONTRACTILE RESPONSE OF THE INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY, BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Vol: 81, Pages: 527-531, ISSN: 0007-1323
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- Citations: 9
Madden BP, Gosney J, Coghlan JG, et al., 1994, Pretransplant clinicopathological correlation in end-stage primary pulmonary hypertension., Eur Respir J, Vol: 7, Pages: 672-678, ISSN: 0903-1936
The aim of the study was to see if there was any correlation between the histopathology, ultrastructure, pulmonary endocrinology and clinical manifestations of end-stage primary pulmonary hypertension. Twenty patients undergoing heart-lung transplantation for the disease were studied. The nature and duration of symptoms and signs, results of haematological, electrocardiographic, radiographic, echocardiographic and haemodynamic studies, and the response of patients to vasodilators were compared with data from histopathological and ultrastructural study of lungs removed at transplantation. Length of clinical history and clinical evidence of severe disease were not necessarily associated with advanced histopathology, nor did the presence of small, contracted muscular pulmonary arteries imply responsiveness to vasodilators. Numbers of gastrin-releasing peptide-containing pulmonary endocrine cells were greater in lungs in which there was activity of myofibroblasts in pulmonary arterial vessels, and correlated negatively with mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Whereas the prognosis of primary pulmonary hypertension cannot as yet be defined by other than its clinical manifestations, intimal proliferation as well as vasoconstriction may be important in its pathogenesis. The release of gastrin-releasing peptide from pulmonary endocrine cells may possibly be involved in this process.
TSANG VT, JOHNSTON A, HERITIER F, et al., 1994, CYCLOSPORINE PHARMACOKINETICS IN HEART-LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH CYSTIC-FIBROSIS - EFFECTS OF PANCREATIC-ENZYMES AND RANITIDINE, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 46, Pages: 261-265, ISSN: 0031-6970
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- Citations: 27
CRICK SJ, WHARTON J, SHEPPARD MN, et al., 1994, INNERVATION OF THE HUMAN CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM - A QUANTITATIVE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL-STUDY, CIRCULATION, Vol: 89, Pages: 1697-1708, ISSN: 0009-7322
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- Citations: 101
Stratton JR, Kemp GJ, Daly RC, et al., 1994, Effects of cardiac transplantation on bioenergetic abnormalities of skeletal muscle in congestive heart failure., Circulation, Vol: 89, Pages: 1624-1631, ISSN: 0009-7322
BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced heart failure have bioenergetic abnormalities of skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise. Using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we sought to determine whether skeletal metabolic responses to exercise are normalized by orthotopic cardiac transplantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four groups were studied: healthy normal volunteers (n = 9), subjects awaiting heart transplantation (n = 10), subjects < 6 months (mean, 4 months) after transplant (n = 9), and subjects > 6 months (mean, 15 months) after transplant (n = 8). None of the posttransplant patients had biopsy evidence of rejection at the time of study. There were no significant differences in age, preoperative functional class, or symptom duration among the three patient groups. Metabolic responses were monitored in the dominant arm during incremental weight pull exercise and 10 minutes of recovery by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, with measurement of pH and the phosphocreatine (PCr)/(PCr + inorganic phosphate [Pi]) ratio, an index of PCr concentration. In addition, based on recovery data, the rate of PCr resynthesis was calculated as a measure of oxidative metabolism that is independent of work level, recruitment, or muscle mass, and the effective maximal rate of mitochondrial ATP synthesis (Vmax) was determined. Analysis was by ANOVA. There were no differences between groups in pH or PCr/(PCr + Pi) at rest. Compared with the normal control group, the pretransplant group had a decreased exercise duration (11.3 +/- 2.5 versus 15.0 +/- 1.3 minutes, P = .02), a lower submaximal exercise PCr/(PCr + Pi) ratio (0.58 +/- 0.11 versus 0.76 +/- 0.08, P < .05), a reduced PCr resynthesis rate (13 +/- 6 versus 22 +/- 9 mmol/L per minute, P < .05), and a lower calculated Vmax (26 +/- 14 versus 53 +/- 26 mmol/L per minute, P < .05). In the group studied early after transplantation, all the changes noted in the pretransplant group persisted and were if anything somewhat
CATRAVAS JD, CHESTER AH, MAIZZA AF, et al., 1994, ASSAY OF PULMONARY CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM-BOUND ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME-ACTIVITY IN MAN, FASEB JOURNAL, Vol: 8, Pages: A796-A796, ISSN: 0892-6638
Ohri SK, Bowles CT, Siddiqui A, et al., 1994, The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on gastric and colonic mucosal perfusion: a tonometric assessment., Perfusion, Vol: 9, Pages: 101-108, ISSN: 0267-6591
In a study to assess the potential effect of nonpulsatile hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), intramucosal pH (pHi) of the gastric and colonic mucosae was determined by tonometry (n = 8). During the hypothermic phase of CPB, gastric and colonic pHi did not change significantly. Forty minutes after the start of rewarming, despite increases in the cardiac index and mean arterial blood pressure, gastric pHi fell from 7.53 +/- 0.02 to 7.31 +/- 0.03 (p = 0.017) and colonic pHi fell from 7.50 +/- 0.02 to 7.32 +/- 0.03 (p = 0.028). Forty minutes after the end of CPB both the colonic (p = 0.017) and gastric (p = 0.046) pHi remained depressed below pre-CPB values. The difference in the arterial (pHa) and the gastric mucosal pH changed from -0.097 before CPB to 0.016, 40 minutes after the end of CPB (p = 0.027). This alteration in the pHa-pHi underlines the importance of measuring intramucosal pH by tonometry, since the pHa and pHi may move in opposite directions during episodes of haemodynamic stress. Both the gastric and colonic pHi were found to have a linear correlation with the pHa, although changes in the gastric pHi (r = 0.41, p = 0.018) were more strongly correlated with the pHa than the colonic pHi (r = 0.23, p = 0.19) in the rewarming phase of CPB and the immediate post-CPB period when there was a tendency towards intramucosal acidosis. The development of intramucosal acidosis in the rewarming and immediate post-CPB phases following hypothermic nonpulsatile CPB may impair the gut barrier and predispose patients to the absorption of luminal toxins.
BARTON PJR, THOMPSON RP, ROBERT B, et al., 1994, EXPRESSION OF HOMEOBOX GENES MSX-1 AND MSX-2 DURING CARDIAC DEVELOPMENT, FASEB JOURNAL, Vol: 8, Pages: A264-A264, ISSN: 0892-6638
MCDOUALL RM, SUITTERS AJ, SMITH H, et al., 1994, INCREASED CYCLOSPORINE SENSITIVITY OF T-CELLS FROM CORD-BLOOD COMPARED WITH THOSE FROM THE ADULT, CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 95, Pages: 519-524, ISSN: 0009-9104
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- Citations: 20
SINGER DRJ, MARKANDU ND, BUCKLEY MG, et al., 1994, BLOOD-PRESSURE AND ENDOCRINE RESPONSES TO CHANGES IN DIETARY-SODIUM INTAKE IN CARDIAC TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF SODIUM-BALANCE, CIRCULATION, Vol: 89, Pages: 1153-1159, ISSN: 0009-7322
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- Citations: 38
ONEIL GS, CHESTER AH, SCHYNS CJ, et al., 1994, EFFECT OF SURGICAL PREPARATION AND ARTERIALIZATION ON VASOMOTION OF HUMAN SAPHENOUS-VEIN, JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY, Vol: 107, Pages: 699-706, ISSN: 0022-5223
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- Citations: 25
Barbir M, Hunt BJ, Galloway D, et al., 1994, A randomized pilot trial of low-dose combination lipid-lowering therapy following coronary artery bypass grafting., Clin Cardiol, Vol: 17, Pages: 59-64, ISSN: 0160-9289
Vein graft atherosclerosis is a common and serious complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). There is mounting evidence that lipoprotein abnormalities play an equally important role in the development of lesions in saphenous vein grafts after CABG as in native coronary vessel disease. The potential benefit of low-dose lipid lowering combination therapy in these patients has not been investigated. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we compared the efficacy and safety of a low-dose combination of colestipol 10 g and simvastatin 10 mg/day (CS) to colestipol 10 mg and bezafibrate 400 mg/day (CB) for 2 months in 33 patients with serum total cholesterol > 6.5 mmol/l and triglyceride < 4.5 mmol/l who had undergone CABG for severe coronary artery disease. In the CS group, total cholesterol decreased by 29% and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by 42%; similarly, CB reduced total cholesterol by 17%, LDL cholesterol by 23%, triglyceride by 19%, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by 14%. Lipoprotein (a) and hemostatic factors were unaffected by either therapy in this study. Both combination therapies were well tolerated with no significant clinical or biochemical side effects. We conclude that low-dose combinations of colestipol and simvastatin or colestipol and bezafibrate are effective and well tolerated in the management of moderate hyperlipidemia in patients who had undergone CABG.
ADAMS DH, COCHRANE AD, KHAGHANI A, et al., 1994, RETRANSPLANTATION IN HEART-LUNG RECIPIENTS WITH OBLITERATIVE BRONCHIOLITIS, JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY, Vol: 107, Pages: 450-459, ISSN: 0022-5223
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- Citations: 23
KUSHWAHA SS, BUSTAMI M, LYTHALL DA, et al., 1994, CORONARY ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN CARDIAC TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH ACCELERATED CORONARY-DISEASE, CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, Vol: 5, Pages: 147-154, ISSN: 0954-6928
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- Citations: 9
Ramrakha PS, Marks DI, O'Brien SG, et al., 1994, Orthotopic cardiac transplantation for dilated cardiomyopathy after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation., Clin Transplant, Vol: 8, Pages: 23-26, ISSN: 0902-0063
We report the case of a 26-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-identical sibling-donor when in first complete remission. He developed a dilated cardiomyopathy 9 months post-BMT and subsequently underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. He remains in complete hematological remission more than 12 months after surgery with normal cardiac function and an excellent performance status. Although cardiac transplantation has been carried out for chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy in cancer patients, to our knowledge cardiac transplantation following BMT has not been reported previously.
Hunt BJ, Parratt R, Rose M, et al., 1994, Does cyclosporin affect lipoprotein(a) concentrations?, Lancet, Vol: 343, Pages: 119-120, ISSN: 0140-6736
CRISP SJ, DUNN MJ, ROSE ML, et al., 1994, ANTIENDOTHELIAL ANTIBODIES AFTER HEART-TRANSPLANTATION - THE ACCELERATING FACTOR IN TRANSPLANT-ASSOCIATED CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE, 13th Annual Meeting and Scientific Session of the International-Society-for-Heart-and-Lung-Transplantation, Publisher: MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC, Pages: 81-92, ISSN: 1053-2498
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- Citations: 63
Nishimura K, Yacoub M, 1994, Ventricular assisted circulation (VAS) as bridge to cardiac transplantation or for post-transplant allograft failure (PTAF), Japanese Journal of Artificial Organs, Vol: 23, Pages: 634-636, ISSN: 0300-0818
Early and late results of VAS were evaluated in conjunction with cardiac transplantation. The pumps employed were ABIOMED in 13 and Biomedicus in 4 patients. All of 5 bridge patients improved hemodynamically after initiation of VAS, among which 2 patients were successfully transplanted. In 12 PTAF patients, 2 were weaned from VAS, and one survived. One other patient underwent re-transplantation successfully. Complications were commonly observed such as bleeding, renal failure and infection. The results suggest that the use of VAS is effective, but it requires improvement of device itself to achieve better outcome.
Takahashi T, Belvisi MG, Patel H, et al., 1994, Effect of Ba 679 BR, a novel long-acting anticholinergic agent, on cholinergic neurotransmission in guinea pig and human airways, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 150, Pages: 1640-1645, ISSN: 1073-449X
We investigated the effect of Ba 679 BR, a novel long-acting antimuscarinic agent, on cholinergic neural responses in guinea pig and human airways. Ba 679 BR, atropine, and ipratropium bromide inhibited electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contraction with IC50 values of 0.17, 0.74, and 0.58 nM, respectively, in guinea pig trachea. Ba 679 BR had a slower onset and longer duration of action than atropine or ipratropium bromide (the times required to attain 50% of the maximum response were 34.8, 3.8, and 7.6 min, respectively, and the times required for 50% recovery of the response were 540, 31.6, and 81.2 min, respectively). Ba 679 BR, as well as atropine and ipratropium bromide, facilitated evoked [3H]acetylcholine release (an inhibitory effect on prejunctional muscarinic M2 receptors). The facilitation of acetylcholine release by Ba 679 BR was lost 2 h after washout, however, when there was still complete blockade of cholinergic contractile responses evoked by EFS (an effect on airway smooth muscle M3 receptors), confirming binding studies that suggest that Ba 679 BR shows 'kinetic receptor subtype selectivity' for M3 over M2 receptors. The high potency, slow onset, and long duration of action of Ba 679 BR were also observed in human bronchi, suggesting that Ba 679 BR may be a useful drug to provide convenient therapy for patients with obstructive airway disease.
AMRANI M, CORBETT J, ALLEN NJ, et al., 1994, INDUCTION OF HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS ENHANCES MYOCARDIAL AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER PROLONGED CARDIOPLEGIC ARREST, ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY, Vol: 57, Pages: 157-160, ISSN: 0003-4975
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- Citations: 41
ALBERTUCCI M, WONG K, PETROU M, et al., 1994, THE USE OF UNSTENTED HOMOGRAFT VALVES FOR AORTIC-VALVE REOPERATIONS - REVIEW OF A 23-YEAR EXPERIENCE, 73rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Thoracic-Surgery, Publisher: MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC, Pages: 152-161, ISSN: 0022-5223
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- Citations: 33
SMOLENSKI RT, KOCHAN Z, MCDOUALL R, et al., 1994, ENDOTHELIAL NUCLEOTIDE CATABOLISM AND ADENOSINE PRODUCTION, CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, Vol: 28, Pages: 100-104, ISSN: 0008-6363
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- Citations: 40
Hornick P, Akles E S, Yacoub M, 1994, Causes and results of repeat bypass surgery, Cardiology Board Review, Vol: 11, Pages: 56-60
Khaghani A, Tadjkarimi S, al-Kattan K, et al., 1994, Wrapping the anastomosis with omentum or an internal mammary artery pedicle does not improve bronchial healing after single lung transplantation: results of a randomized clinical trial., J Heart Lung Transplant, Vol: 13, Pages: 767-773, ISSN: 1053-2498
Between May 1989 and March 1990, 36 patients undergoing a first single lung transplantation were randomized to three groups. In the omentum group the bronchial anastomosis was wrapped with an omental pedicle. In the internal mammary artery group, the anastomosis was wrapped in a pedicle of tissue surrounding the internal mammary artery. In the no wrap group, no attempt was made to revascularize the anastomosis. No significant differences were found in the indications for transplantation, recipient age, organ ischemic time, or preoperative steroid use in the three groups. There were two early deaths: one in the omentum group as a result of infection and one in the internal mammary artery group as a result of multiorgan failure. During a mean follow-up period of 21 months (range 9 to 32), there were two additional deaths in the no wrap group and four in the omentum group, one of which involved an anastomotic complication. Actuarial survival at 1 year was 75%, 92%, and 80% in the omentum, internal mammary artery, and no wrap groups, respectively (p = 0.25). Granulation tissue at the site of the anastomosis requiring cryotherapy or bronchial dilatation occurred in two patients in the omentum group, three in the internal mammary artery group, and three in the no wrap group. Bronchial stents were required in one patient in the omentum group and one in the internal mammary artery group. Actuarial survival free of anastomotic complications was similar in the three groups. The incidence of bronchial anastomotic complications after single lung transplantation is not affected by wrapping the anastomosis with either omentum or an internal mammary artery pedicle.
LATIF N, SMITH J, DUNN MJ, et al., 1994, COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ANTI-HEART ANTIBODIES PRESENT IN THE SERA OF PATIENTS WITH DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, AUTOIMMUNITY, Vol: 19, Pages: 99-104, ISSN: 0891-6934
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- Citations: 9
Crisp SJ, Dunn MJ, Rose ML, et al., 1994, Antiendothelial antibodies after heart transplantation: the accelerating factor in transplant-associated coronary artery disease?, J Heart Lung Transplant, Vol: 13, Pages: 81-91, ISSN: 1053-2498
Although the precise cause of transplant-associated coronary artery disease is unknown, immune mechanisms have been implicated. Using the techniques of SDS-PAGe and Western immunoblotting, we have previously shown that a strong positive correlation exists between the development of coronary artery disease and the presence of antiendothelial antibodies reactive with a doublet of polypeptides of approximately 60 and 62 kDa. We have now extended this study to investigate the temporal pattern of antiendothelial antibody formation after transplantation and its association with cellular rejection episodes. The original study used patients in whom coronary artery disease had developed early after transplantation, that is at 1 or 2 years. Here we investigate whether antiendothelial antibodies are also made in patients in whom the disease does not develop until 5 to 10 years after heart transplantation and whether the antibodies are found in patients with severe nontransplant atherosclerosis. We confirm the 60 to 62 kDa antigens are membrane bound, and recalculation of their molecular mass makes the doublet 56 and 57.5 kDa. The results show that antibodies specific for the doublet of endothelial antigens are rarely produced by patients other than those in whom rapidly progressing coronary artery disease develops early after transplantation. The antibodies are unrelated to cellular rejection episodes. We believe their production may be an accelerating factor for the rapid development of transplant-associated coronary artery disease.
OGINO H, SMOLENSKI RT, SEYMOUR AML, et al., 1994, The effect of ischemic preconditioning on nucleotide metabolism and function of rat heart after prolonged cold storage, PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE METABOLISM IN MAN VIII, Vol: 370, Pages: 287-290, ISSN: 0065-2598
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