Imperial College London
Alternate

ProfessorRobinShattock

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease

Chair in Mucosal Infection and Immunity
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 7594 5206r.shattock

 
 
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Location

 

453Wright Fleming WingSt Mary's Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Zhou:2023:10.1073/pnas.2308655120,
author = {Zhou, J and Sukhova, K and Peacock, TP and McKay, PF and Brown, JC and Frise, R and Baillon, L and Moshe, M and Kugathasan, R and Shattock, RJ and Barclay, WS},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2308655120},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA},
title = {Omicron breakthrough infections in vaccinated or previously infected hamsters},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2308655120},
volume = {120},
year = {2023}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 epidemic was marked by the repeated emergence and replacement of “variants” with genetic and phenotypic distance from the ancestral strains, the most recent examples being viruses of the Omicron lineage. Here, we describe a hamster direct contact exposure challenge model to assess protection against reinfection conferred by either vaccination or prior infection. We found that two doses of self-amplifying RNA vaccine based on the ancestral Spike ameliorated weight loss following Delta infection and decreased viral loads but had minimal effect on Omicron BA.1 infection. Prior vaccination followed by Delta or BA.1 breakthrough infections led to a high degree of cross-reactivity to all tested variants, suggesting that repeated exposure to antigenically distinct Spikes, via infection and/or vaccination drives a cross-reactive immune response. Prior infection with ancestral or Alpha variant was partially protective against BA.1 infection, whereas all animals previously infected with Delta and exposed to BA.1 became reinfected, although they shed less virus than BA.1-infected naive hamsters. Hamsters reinfected with BA.1 after prior Delta infection emitted infectious virus into the air, indicating that they could be responsible for onwards airborne transmission. We further tested whether prior infection with BA.1 protected from reinfection with Delta or later Omicron sublineages BA.2, BA.4, or BA.5. BA.1 was protective against BA.2 but not against Delta, BA.4, or BA.5 reinfection. These findings suggest that cohorts whose only immune experience of COVID-19 is Omicron BA.1 infection may be vulnerable to future circulation of reemerged Delta-like derivatives, as well as emerging Omicron sublineages.
AU  - Zhou,J
AU  - Sukhova,K
AU  - Peacock,TP
AU  - McKay,PF
AU  - Brown,JC
AU  - Frise,R
AU  - Baillon,L
AU  - Moshe,M
AU  - Kugathasan,R
AU  - Shattock,RJ
AU  - Barclay,WS
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2308655120
PY  - 2023///
SN  - 0027-8424
TI  - Omicron breakthrough infections in vaccinated or previously infected hamsters
T2  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2308655120
UR  - https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2308655120
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/108053
VL  - 120
ER  -
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