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@article{Angelopoulos:2014:10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013,
author = {Angelopoulos, T and Kokkinos, A and Liaskos, C and Tentolouris, N and Alexiadou, K and Miras, AD and Mourouzis, I and Perrea, D and Pantos, C and Katsilambros, N and Bloom, SR and le, Roux CW},
doi = {10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013},
journal = {BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care},
title = {The effect of slow spaced eating on hunger and satiety in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013},
volume = {2},
year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Slow spaced eating is associated with improved satiety and gut hormone responses in normal-weight participants. This crossover study compared the effect of slow and rapid eating patterns on hunger, fullness, glucose, insulin, and the appetite-related gut hormones peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and ghrelin in overweight and obese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: 20 overweight and obese participants with T2DM on metformin were recruited. A test meal of 300mL ice-cream was consumed in random order in two different sessions by each participant; meal duration was 5 or 30min. Fullness and hunger as assessed by visual analog scales (VAS), and glucose, insulin, PYY, GLP-1, and ghrelin were measured at baseline and at 30min intervals after meal termination for 3h. RESULTS: Fullness VAS ratings were significantly higher at the 90', 120', 150', and 180' time points and hunger ratings were lower at 90', 150', and 180' for the 30min meal. The area under the curve (AUC) for fullness was higher after the 30min meal than after the 5min meal (11943.7±541.2 vs 10901.0±568.8mmmin, p=0.003) whereas the hunger AUC was lower (4442.9±328 vs 4966.7±347.5mmmin, p=0.012). There were no differences in glucose, insulin, PYY, GLP-1, and ghrelin responses. CONCLUSIONS: Slow spaced eating increased fullness and decreased hunger ratings in overweight and obese participants with T2DM, without the improvement in gut hormone responses found in normal-weight participants. Slow spaced eating may be a useful prevention strategy, but might also help curb food intake in those already suffering from obesity and diabetes.
AU  - Angelopoulos,T
AU  - Kokkinos,A
AU  - Liaskos,C
AU  - Tentolouris,N
AU  - Alexiadou,K
AU  - Miras,AD
AU  - Mourouzis,I
AU  - Perrea,D
AU  - Pantos,C
AU  - Katsilambros,N
AU  - Bloom,SR
AU  - le,Roux CW
DO  - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013
PY  - 2014///
SN  - 2052-4897
TI  - The effect of slow spaced eating on hunger and satiety in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
T2  - BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2013-000013
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30505
VL  - 2
ER  -

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