BibTex format
@article{Singh:2026:ajrccm/aamag015,
author = {Singh, S and Darawshy, F and Erlandson, K and Narayana, JK and Li, Q and Li, Y and Atandi, I and Krolikowski, K and Patel, S and Collazo, D and Mac, Aogáin M and Gilmour, A and Long, M and Chang, M and Hoque, A and Schluger, R and Kumar, S and Chung, CJ and Wong, K and Porter, G and Feng, Y and Czachor, A and McCormick, C and Clementi, E and Kyeremateng, Y and Lukovnikova, A and Harris, D and Gomez, S and Kain, T and Kocak, I and Singh, R and Rodriguez, C and Kwok, B and Barnett, C and Kugler, M and Weiden, MD and Nelson, N and Natalini, JG and Luglio, D and Desvignes, L and Gautam, S and McGuire, E and Gordon, T and Sulaiman, I and Tsay, J-CJ and Basavaraj, A and Wu, BG and Kamelhar, D and Addrizzo-Harris, D and Chalmers, JD and Chotirmall, SH and Segal, LN},
doi = {ajrccm/aamag015},
journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med},
pages = {936--951},
title = {Lower airway dysbiosis in nontuberculous mycobacteria-positive bronchiectasis is associated with neutrophil extracellular trap-predominant severe phenotypes.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag015},
volume = {212},
year = {2026}
}
RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)
TY - JOUR
AB - RATIONALE: The discoveries of neutrophilic inflammation and Pseudomonas-dominant pulmonary dysbiosis have helped pave the way for host-directed therapy in bronchiectasis. Substantial knowledge gaps still remain about the interplay between neutrophilic signatures and microbes in nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD), a phenotypically diverse lung infection that is increasingly prevalent in the United States and other parts of the world. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the lower airway microbiota and neutrophilic traits in NTM-negative (NTM-) and NTM-positive (NTM+) bronchiectasis. METHODS: 16S rRNA gene sequencing, cell counts, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) immunoassays were performed on bronchoscopic lower airway samples in 200 bronchiectasis subjects (108 NTM-, 92 NTM+). A preclinical model of oral commensal microaspiration and NTM infection was used to profile the murine lower airways with flow cytometry and a NET assay. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Lower airways of NTM+ bronchiectasis patients were enriched with Mycobacterium and oral commensals (eg, Veillonella, Prevotella, and Streptococcus). NET levels were higher in NTM+ BAL fluid. Mycobacterium and oral commensals co-occurred with NET and neutrophils in network studies. Distinct oral commensal taxa were associated with severe disease phenotypes such as cavitary disease and exacerbators. In a murine microaspiration model, the combination of oral commensals and Mycobacterium led to a sustained proinflammatory immune response marked by an increase in Th17 cells, γδT cells, and PD-1+ T lymphocytes as well as higher NET levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses showed that distinct microbiome features beyond the primary pathogen can contribute to neutrophilic inflammation and severe disease phenotypes in bronchiectasis/NTM-LD.
AU - Singh,S
AU - Darawshy,F
AU - Erlandson,K
AU - Narayana,JK
AU - Li,Q
AU - Li,Y
AU - Atandi,I
AU - Krolikowski,K
AU - Patel,S
AU - Collazo,D
AU - Mac,Aogáin M
AU - Gilmour,A
AU - Long,M
AU - Chang,M
AU - Hoque,A
AU - Schluger,R
AU - Kumar,S
AU - Chung,CJ
AU - Wong,K
AU - Porter,G
AU - Feng,Y
AU - Czachor,A
AU - McCormick,C
AU - Clementi,E
AU - Kyeremateng,Y
AU - Lukovnikova,A
AU - Harris,D
AU - Gomez,S
AU - Kain,T
AU - Kocak,I
AU - Singh,R
AU - Rodriguez,C
AU - Kwok,B
AU - Barnett,C
AU - Kugler,M
AU - Weiden,MD
AU - Nelson,N
AU - Natalini,JG
AU - Luglio,D
AU - Desvignes,L
AU - Gautam,S
AU - McGuire,E
AU - Gordon,T
AU - Sulaiman,I
AU - Tsay,J-CJ
AU - Basavaraj,A
AU - Wu,BG
AU - Kamelhar,D
AU - Addrizzo-Harris,D
AU - Chalmers,JD
AU - Chotirmall,SH
AU - Segal,LN
DO - ajrccm/aamag015
EP - 951
PY - 2026///
SP - 936
TI - Lower airway dysbiosis in nontuberculous mycobacteria-positive bronchiectasis is associated with neutrophil extracellular trap-predominant severe phenotypes.
T2 - Am J Respir Crit Care Med
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag015
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41738242
VL - 212
ER -