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Journal articleSzabo A, Larson D, Whittlesey P, et al., 2020,
The Heliospheric Current Sheet in the Inner Heliosphere Observed by the<i>Parker Solar Probe</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049 -
Journal articleParashar TN, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, et al., 2020,
Measures of Scale-dependent Alfvenicity in the First <i>PSP</i> Solar Encounter
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Cite
- Citations: 59
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Journal articleMoncuquet M, Meyer-Vernet N, Issautier K, et al., 2020,
First In Situ Measurements of Electron Density and Temperature from Quasi-thermal Noise Spectroscopy with <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>/FIELDS
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Cite
- Citations: 147
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Journal articleNieves-Chinchilla T, Szabo A, Korreck KE, et al., 2020,
Analysis of the Internal Structure of the Streamer Blowout Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> During the First Solar Encounter
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 38
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Journal articleMaksimovic M, Bale SD, Bercic L, et al., 2020,
Anticorrelation between the Bulk Speed and the Electron Temperature in the Pristine Solar Wind: First Results from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> and Comparison with <i>Helios</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Cite
- Citations: 67
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Journal articleVech D, Kasper JC, Klein KG, et al., 2020,
Kinetic-scale Spectral Features of Cross Helicity and Residual Energy in the Inner Heliosphere
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 8
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ReportCeppi P, Gregory J, 2020,
Climate sensitivity: What is it, and why is it important?
, Climate sensitivity: What is it, and why is it important?, Publisher: The Grantham Institute, 11Climate sensitivity is a fundamental measure of global climate change. This briefing paper explains how climate sensitivity is estimated from different lines of evidence – modelling, observations, and palaeoclimate records – and why its exact value remains uncertain.
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Journal articleShatwell P, Czaja A, Ferreira D, 2020,
Ocean heat storage rate unaffected by MOC weakening in an idealised climate model
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Journal articleCohen CMS, Christian ER, Cummings AC, et al., 2020,
Energetic Particle Increases Associated with Stream Interaction Regions
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 32
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Journal articleDesai MI, Mitchell DG, Szalay JR, et al., 2020,
Properties of Suprathermal-through-energetic He Ions Associated with Stream Interaction Regions Observed over the <i>Parker Solar Probe's</i> First Two Orbits
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 39
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Journal articleSchwadron NA, Bale S, Bonnell J, et al., 2020,
Seed Population Preconditioning and Acceleration Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 26
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Journal articleMitchell DG, Giacalone J, Allen RC, et al., 2020,
CME-associated Energetic Ions at 0.23 au: Consideration of the Auroral Pressure Cooker Mechanism Operating in the Low Corona as a Possible Energization Process
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 21
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Journal articleHalekas JS, Whittlesey P, Larson DE, et al., 2020,
Electrons in the Young Solar Wind: First Results from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 125
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Journal articleMozer FS, Agapitov OV, Bale SD, et al., 2020,
Switchbacks in the Solar Magnetic Field: Their Evolution, Their Content, and Their Effects on the Plasma
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 97
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Journal articleMalaspina DM, Halekas J, Bercic L, et al., 2020,
Plasma Waves near the Electron Cyclotron Frequency in the Near-Sun Solar Wind
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 35
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Journal articleBadman ST, Bale SD, Oliveros JCM, et al., 2020,
Magnetic Connectivity of the Ecliptic Plane within 0.5 au: Potential Field Source Surface Modeling of the First<i>Parker Solar Probe</i>Encounter
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049 -
Journal articleKim TK, Pogorelov NV, Arge CN, et al., 2020,
Predicting the Solar Wind at the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Using an Empirically Driven MHD Model
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 15
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Journal articleAllen RC, Lario D, Odstrcil D, et al., 2020,
Solar Wind Streams and Stream Interaction Regions Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> with Corresponding Observations at 1 au
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 37
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Journal articleBandyopadhyay R, Matthaeus WH, Parashar TN, et al., 2020,
Observations of Energetic-particle Population Enhancements along Intermittent Structures near the Sun from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 26
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Journal articleBowen TA, Mallet A, Huang J, et al., 2020,
Ion-scale Electromagnetic Waves in the Inner Heliosphere
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 98
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Journal articleKrupar V, Szabo A, Maksimovic M, et al., 2020,
Density Fluctuations in the Solar Wind Based on Type III Radio Bursts Observed by <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 60
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Journal articleKorreck KE, Szabo A, Chinchilla TN, et al., 2020,
Source and Propagation of a Streamer Blowout Coronal Mass Ejection Observed by theParker Solar Probe
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049 -
Journal articleMcManus MD, Bowen TA, Mallet A, et al., 2020,
Cross Helicity Reversals in Magnetic Switchbacks
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 70
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Journal articleDuan D, Bowen TA, Chen CHK, et al., 2020,
The Radial Dependence of Proton-scale Magnetic Spectral Break in Slow Solar Wind during <i>PSP</i> Encounter 2
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 40
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Journal articlePulupa M, Bale SD, Badman ST, et al., 2020,
Statistics and Polarization of Type III Radio Bursts Observed in the Inner Heliosphere
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 46
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Journal articleEscoubet CP, Hwang K-J, Toledo-Redondo S, et al., 2020,
Cluster and MMS simultaneous observations of magnetosheath high speed jets and their impact on the magnetopause
, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol: 6, Pages: 1-21, ISSN: 2296-987XWhen the supersonic solar wind encounters the Earth's magnetosphere a shock, called bow shock, is formed and the plasma is decelerated and thermalized in the magnetosheath downstream from the shock. Sometimes, however, due to discontinuities in the solar wind, bow shock ripples or ionized dust clouds carried by the solar wind, high speed jets (HSJs) are observed in the magnetosheath. These HSJs have typically a Vx component larger than 200 km s−1 and their dynamic pressure can be a few times the solar wind dynamic pressure. They are typically observed downstream from the quasi-parallel bow shock and have a typical size around one Earth radius (RE) in XGSE. We use a conjunction of Cluster and MMS, crossing simultaneously the magnetopause, to study the characteristics of these HSJs and their impact on the magnetopause. Over 1 h 15 min interval in the magnetosheath, Cluster observed 21 HSJs. During the same period, MMS observed 12 HSJs and entered the magnetosphere several times. A jet was observed simultaneously by both MMS and Cluster and it is very likely that they were two distinct HSJs. This shows that HSJs are not localized into small regions but could span a region larger than 10 RE, especially when the quasi-parallel shock is covering the entire dayside magnetosphere under radial IMF. During this period, two and six magnetopause crossings were observed, respectively, on Cluster and MMS with a significant angle between the observation and the expected normal deduced from models. The angles observed range between from 11° up to 114°. One inbound magnetopause crossing observed by Cluster (magnetopause moving out at 142 km s−1) was observed simultaneous to an outbound magnetopause crossing observed by MMS (magnetopause moving in at −83 km s−1), showing that the magnetopause can have multiple local indentation places, most likely independent from each other. Under the continuous impacts of HSJs, the magnetopause is deformed significan
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Journal articlePerrone D, D'Amicis R, De Marco R, et al., 2020,
Highly Alfvenic slow solar wind at 0.3 au during a solar minimum: Helios insights for Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter
, Astronomy and Astrophysics: a European journal, Vol: 633, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 0004-6361Alfvénic fluctuations in solar wind are an intrinsic property of fast streams, while slow intervals typically have a very low degree of Alfvénicity, with much more variable parameters. However, sometimes a slow wind can be highly Alfvénic. Here we compare three different regimes of solar wind, in terms of Alfvénic content and spectral properties, during a minimum phase of the solar activity and at 0.3 au. We show that fast and Alfvénic slow intervals share some common characteristics. This would suggest a similar solar origin, with the latter coming from over-expanded magnetic field lines, in agreement with observations at 1 au and at the maximum of the solar cycle. Due to the Alfvénic nature of the fluctuations in both fast and Alfvénic slow winds, we observe a well-defined correlation between the flow speed and the angle between magnetic field vector and radial direction. The high level of Alfvénicity is also responsible of intermittent enhancements (i.e. spikes), in plasma speed. Moreover, only for the Alfvénic intervals do we observe a break between the inertial range and large scales, on about the timescale typical of the Alfvénic fluctuations and where the magnetic fluctuations saturate, limited by the magnitude of the local magnetic field. In agreement with this, we recover a characteristic low-frequency 1/f scaling, as expected for fluctuations that are scale-independent. This work is directly relevant for the next solar missions, Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter. One of the goals of these two missions is to study the origin and evolution of slow solar wind. In particular, Parker Solar Probe will give information about the Alfvénic slow wind in the unexplored region much closer to the Sun and Solar Orbiter will allow us to connect the observed physics to the source of the plasma.
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Journal articleWang R, Vasko IY, Mozer FS, et al., 2020,
Electrostatic Turbulence and Debye-scale Structures in Collisionless Shocks
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, Vol: 889, ISSN: 2041-8205- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 43
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Journal articleLiu Z, Wang L, Shi Q, et al., 2020,
Case Study of Solar Wind Suprathermal Electron Acceleration at the Earth's Bow Shock
, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, Vol: 889, ISSN: 2041-8205- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 5
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Journal articleGryspeerdt E, Mülmenstädt J, Gettelman A, et al., 2020,
Surprising similarities in model and observational aerosol radiative forcing estimates
, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol: 20, Pages: 613-623, ISSN: 1680-7316The radiative forcing from aerosols (particularly through their interaction with clouds) remains one of the mostuncertain components of the human forcing of the climate. Observation-based studies have typically found a smaller aerosoleffective radiative forcing than in model simulations and were given preferential weighting in the IPCC AR5 report. With theirown sources of uncertainty, it is not clear that observation-based estimates are more reliable. Understanding the source of the model-observational difference is thus vital to reduce uncertainty in the impact of aerosols on the climate.These reported discrepancies arise from the different methods of separating the components of aerosol forcing used in modeland observational studies. Applying the observational decomposition to global climate model output, the two different linesof evidence are surprisingly similar, with a much better agreement on the magnitude of aerosol impacts on cloud properties.Cloud adjustments remain a significant source of uncertainty, particularly for ice clouds. However, they are consistent with the uncertainty from observation-based methods, with the liquid water path adjustment usually enhancing the Twomey effectby less than 50%. Depending on different sets of assumptions, this work suggests that model and observation-based estimatescould be more equally weighted in future synthesis studies.
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