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• Journal article
  Szalay JR, Pokorny P, Bale SD, Christian ER, Goetz K, Goodrich K, Hill ME, Kuchner M, Larsen R, Malaspina D, McComas DJ, Mitchell D, Page B, Schwadron Net al., 2020,

  The Near-Sun Dust Environment: Initial Observations from <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 62
• Journal article
  Chen CHK, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Borovikov D, Bowen TA, Burgess D, Case AW, Chandran BDG, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Mallet A, McManus MD, Moncuquet M, Pulupa M, Stevens ML, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

  The Evolution and Role of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 202
• Journal article
  Bandyopadhyay R, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Parashar TN, Ruffolo D, Chhiber R, Usmanov A, Chasapis A, Qudsi R, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Klein KG, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

  Enhanced Energy Transfer Rate in Solar Wind Turbulence Observed near the Sun from <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 68
• Journal article
  Martinovic MM, Klein KG, Kasper JC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Chandran BDG, Alterman BL, Huang J, Chen CHK, Bale SD, Pulupa M, Malaspina DM, Bonnell JW, Harvey PR, Goetz K, de Wit TD, MacDowall RJet al., 2020,

  The Enhancement of Proton Stochastic Heating in the Near-Sun Solar Wind

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 31
• Journal article
  Leske RA, Christian ER, Cohen CMS, Cummings AC, Davis AJ, Desai MI, Giacalone J, Hill ME, Joyce CJ, Krimigis SM, Labrador AW, Malandraki O, Matthaeus WH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mewaldt RA, Mitchell DG, Posner A, Rankin JS, Roelof EC, Schwadron NA, Stone EC, Szalay JR, Wiedenbeck ME, Vourlidas A, Bale SD, MacDowall RJ, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Allen RC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Livi R, Stevens ML, Whittlesey P, Poduval Bet al., 2020,

  Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 23
• Journal article
  Giacalone J, Mitchell DG, Allen RC, Hill ME, McNutt RL, Szalay JR, Desai MI, Rouillard AP, Kouloumvakos A, McComas DJ, Christian ER, Schwadron NA, Wiedenbeck ME, Bale S, Brown LE, Case A, Chen X, Cohen CMS, Joyce C, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Korreck K, Larson DE, Livi R, Leske RA, MacDowall RJ, Matthaeus WH, Mewaldt RA, Nieves-Chinchilla T, Pulupa M, Roelof EC, Stevens ML, Szabo A, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

  Solar Energetic Particles Produced by a Slow Coronal Mass Ejection at ∼0.25 au

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 30
• Journal article
  Tenerani A, Velli M, Matteini L, Reville V, Shi C, Bale SD, Kasper JC, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Klein KG, Korreck K, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

  Magnetic field kinks and folds in the solar wind

  , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol: 246, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 0067-0049

  Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations during its first encounter at 35.7 R ⊙ have shown the presence of magnetic field lines that are strongly perturbed to the point that they produce local inversions of the radial magnetic field, known as switchbacks. Their counterparts in the solar wind velocity field are local enhancements in the radial speed, or jets, displaying (in all components) the velocity–magnetic field correlation typical of large amplitude Alfvén waves propagating away from the Sun. Switchbacks and radial jets have previously been observed over a wide range of heliocentric distances by Helios, Wind, and Ulysses, although they were prevalent in significantly faster streams than seen at PSP. Here we study via numerical magnetohydrodynamics simulations the evolution of such large amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations by including, in agreement with observations, both a radial magnetic field inversion and an initially constant total magnetic pressure. Despite the extremely large excursion of magnetic and velocity fields, switchbacks are seen to persist for up to hundreds of Alfvén crossing times before eventually decaying due to the parametric decay instability. Our results suggest that such switchback/jet configurations might indeed originate in the lower corona and survive out to PSP distances, provided the background solar wind is sufficiently calm, in the sense of not being pervaded by strong density fluctuations or other gradients, such as stream or magnetic field shears, that might destabilize or destroy them over shorter timescales.

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• Journal article
  de Wit TD, Krasnoselskikh VV, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Bowen TA, Chen CHK, Froment C, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Jagarlamudi VK, Larosa A, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Matthaeus WH, Pulupa M, Velli M, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

  Switchbacks in the Near-Sun Magnetic Field: Long Memory and Impact on the Turbulence Cascade

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 182
• Journal article
  Nemecek Z, Durovcova T, Safrankova J, Nemec F, Matteini L, Stansby D, Janitzek N, Berger L, Wimmer-Schweingruber RFet al., 2020,

  What is the solar wind frame of reference?

  , The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 889, Pages: 1-14, ISSN: 0004-637X

  Various solar wind ion species move with different speeds and theoretical considerations as well as limited observations in a region close to the Sun show that heavy solar wind ions tend to flow faster than protons, at least in less-aged fast solar wind streams. The solar wind flow carries the frozen-in interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and this situation evokes three related questions: (i) what is the proper solar wind speed, (ii) is this speed equal to the speed of the dominant component, whatever that may be, and (iii) what is the speed of the magnetic field? We show that simple theoretical considerations based on the MHD approximation as well as on the dynamics of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields suggest that the IMF velocity of motion (de Hoffmann–Teller (HT) velocity) would be deliberated as the velocity appropriate for solar wind studies. Our analysis based on the Wind, Helios, ACE, and SOHO observations of differential streaming of solar wind populations shows that their energy is conserved in the HT frame. On the other hand, the noise and temporal resolution of the data do not allow us to decide whether the total momentum is also conserved in this frame.

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• Journal article
  Stansby D, Matteini L, Horbury TS, Perrone D, D'Amicis R, Bercic Let al., 2020,

  The origin of slow Alfvenic solar wind at solar minimum

  , Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol: 492, Pages: 39-44, ISSN: 0035-8711

  Although the origins of slow solar wind are unclear, there is increasing evidence that at least some of it is released in a steady state on overexpanded coronal hole magnetic field lines. This type of slow wind has similar properties to the fast solar wind, including strongly Alfvénic fluctuations. In this study, a combination of proton, alpha particle, and electron measurements are used to investigate the kinetic properties of a single interval of slow Alfvénic wind at 0.35 au. It is shown that this slow Alfvénic interval is characterized by high alpha particle abundances, pronounced alpha–proton differential streaming, strong proton beams, and large alpha-to-proton temperature ratios. These are all features observed consistently in the fast solar wind, adding evidence that at least some Alfvénic slow solar wind also originates in coronal holes. Observed differences between speed, mass flux, and electron temperature between slow Alfvénic and fast winds are explained by differing magnetic field geometry in the lower corona.

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• Report
  Ceppi P, Gregory J, 2020,

  Climate sensitivity: What is it, and why is it important?

  , Climate sensitivity: What is it, and why is it important?, Publisher: The Grantham Institute, 11

  Climate sensitivity is a fundamental measure of global climate change. This briefing paper explains how climate sensitivity is estimated from different lines of evidence – modelling, observations, and palaeoclimate records – and why its exact value remains uncertain.

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• Journal article
  Vech D, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Huang J, Stevens ML, Chen CHK, Case AW, Korreck K, Bale SD, Bowen TA, Whittlesey PL, Livi R, Larson DE, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Bonnell J, Harvey P, Goetz K, de Wit TD, MacDowall Ret al., 2020,

  Kinetic-scale Spectral Features of Cross Helicity and Residual Energy in the Inner Heliosphere

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 8
• Journal article
  Maksimovic M, Bale SD, Bercic L, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Halekas JS, Harvey PR, Issautier K, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Jagarlamudi VK, Lahmiti N, Larson DE, Lecacheux A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Martinovic MM, Meyer-Vernet N, Moncuquet M, Pulupa M, Salem C, Stevens ML, Stverak S, Velli M, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

  Anticorrelation between the Bulk Speed and the Electron Temperature in the Pristine Solar Wind: First Results from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> and Comparison with <i>Helios</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Cite
  • Citations: 67
• Journal article
  Page B, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Goetz K, Goodrich K, Harvey PR, Larsen R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pokorny P, Pulupa M, Szalay JRet al., 2020,

  Examining Dust Directionality with the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> FIELDS Instrument

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 32
• Journal article
  Nieves-Chinchilla T, Szabo A, Korreck KE, Alzate N, Balmaceda LA, Lavraud B, Paulson K, Narock AA, Wallace S, Jian LK, Luhmann JG, Morgan H, Higginson A, Arge CN, Bale SD, Case AW, de Wit TD, Giacalone J, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Jones-Melosky SI, Kasper JC, Larson DE, Livi R, McComas DJ, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Raouafi NE, Schwadron N, Stevens ML, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

  Analysis of the Internal Structure of the Streamer Blowout Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> During the First Solar Encounter

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 38
• Journal article
  Wiedenbeck ME, Bucik R, Mason GM, Ho GC, Leske RA, Cohen CMS, Christian ER, Cummings AC, Davis AJ, Desai M, Giacalone J, Haggerty DK, Hill ME, Joyce CJ, Labrador AW, Malandraki O, Matthaeus WH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mewaldt RA, Mitchell DG, Posner A, Rankin JS, Roelof EC, Schwadron NA, Stone EC, Szalay JR, Bale SD, Case AW, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Larson DE, MacDowall RJ, Pulupa M, Stevens MLet al., 2020,

  <SUP>3</SUP>He-rich Solar Energetic Particle Observations at the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> and near Earth

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 33
• Journal article
  Reville V, Velli M, Panasenco O, Tenerani A, Shi C, Badman ST, Bale SD, Kasper JC, Stevens ML, Korreck KE, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Larson DE, Livi R, Malaspina DM, MacDowall RJ, Pulupa M, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

  The Role of Alfven Wave Dynamics on the Large-scale Properties of the Solar Wind: Comparing an MHD Simulation with <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> E1 Data

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 88
• Journal article
  Moncuquet M, Meyer-Vernet N, Issautier K, Pulupa M, Bonnell JW, Bale SD, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Griton L, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Maksimovic M, Malaspina DMet al., 2020,

  First In Situ Measurements of Electron Density and Temperature from Quasi-thermal Noise Spectroscopy with <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>/FIELDS

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 147
• Journal article
  Parashar TN, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Ruffolo D, Bandyopadhyay R, Chhiber R, Chasapis A, Qudsi R, Vech D, Roberts DA, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

  Measures of Scale-dependent Alfvenicity in the First <i>PSP</i> Solar Encounter

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 59
• Journal article
  Szabo A, Larson D, Whittlesey P, Stevens ML, Lavraud B, Phan T, Wallace S, Jones-Mecholsky S, Arge CN, Badman ST, Odstrcil D, Pogorelov N, Kim T, Riley P, Henney CJ, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey P, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Koval A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa Met al., 2020,

  The Heliospheric Current Sheet in the Inner Heliosphere Observed by the<i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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• Journal article
  Chhiber R, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Chasapis A, Matthaeus WH, Ruffolo D, Bandyopadhyay R, Parashar TN, Qudsi R, de Wit TD, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

  Clustering of Intermittent Magnetic and Flow Structures near <i>Parker</i> <i>Solar Probe</i>'s First Perihelion-A Partial-variance-of-increments Analysis

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 42
• Journal article
  Panasenco O, Velli M, D'Amicis R, Shi C, Reville V, Bale SD, Badman ST, Kasper J, Korreck K, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Case AW, Larson D, Livi R, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

  Exploring Solar Wind Origins and Connecting Plasma Flows from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> to 1 au: Nonspherical Source Surface and Alfvenic Fluctuations

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 55
• Journal article
  Rouillard AP, Kouloumvakos A, Vourlidas A, Kasper J, Bale S, Raouafi N-E, Lavraud B, Howard RA, Stenborg G, Stevens M, Poirier N, Davies JA, Hess P, Higginson AK, Lavarra M, Viall NM, Korreck K, Pinto RF, Griton L, Reville V, Louarn P, Wu Y, Dalmasse K, Genot V, Case AW, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Halekas JS, Livi R, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Bonnell J, de Witt TD, Penou Eet al., 2020,

  Relating Streamer Flows to Density and Magnetic Structures at the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 60
• Journal article
  Qudsi RA, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Parashar TN, Bandyopadhyay R, Chhiber R, Chasapis A, Goldstein ML, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

  Observations of Heating along Intermittent Structures in the Inner Heliosphere from <i>PSP</i> Data

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 29
• Journal article
  Zhao L-L, Zank GP, Adhikari L, Hu Q, Kasper JC, Bale SD, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Larson DE, Livi R, Whittlesey P, Klein KGet al., 2020,

  Identification of Magnetic Flux Ropes from <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Observations during the First Encounter

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 72
• Journal article
  Mozer FS, Agapitov OV, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Goetz K, Goodrich KA, Gore R, Harvey PR, Kellogg PJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Schumm Get al., 2020,

  Time Domain Structures and Dust in the Solar Vicinity: <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Observations

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 14
• Journal article
  Pulupa M, Bale SD, Badman ST, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Hegedus AM, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Krasnoselskikh V, Larson D, Lecacheux A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Maksimovic M, Malaspina DM, Martinez Oliveros JC, Meyer-Vernet N, Moncuquet M, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

  Statistics and Polarization of Type III Radio Bursts Observed in the Inner Heliosphere

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 46
• Journal article
  Duan D, Bowen TA, Chen CHK, Mallet A, He J, Bale SD, Vech D, Kasper JC, Pulupa M, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

  The Radial Dependence of Proton-scale Magnetic Spectral Break in Slow Solar Wind during <i>PSP</i> Encounter 2

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 40
• Journal article
  Huang J, Kasper JC, Vech D, Klein KG, Stevens M, Martinovic MM, Alterman BL, Durovcova T, Paulson K, Maruca BA, Qudsi RA, Case AW, Korreck KE, Jian LK, Velli M, Lavraud B, Hegedus A, Bert CM, Holmes J, Bale SD, Larson DE, Livi R, Whittlesey P, Pulupa M, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Bonnell JW, Harvey P, Goetz K, de Wit TDet al., 2020,

  Proton Temperature Anisotropy Variations in Inner Heliosphere Estimated with the First <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Observations

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 74
• Journal article
  Chaston CC, Bonnell JW, Bale SD, Kasper JC, Pulupa M, de Wit TD, Bowen TA, Larson DE, Whittlesey PL, Wygant JR, Salem CS, MacDowall RJ, Livi RL, Vech D, Case AW, Stevens ML, Korreck KE, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Malaspina DMet al., 2020,

  MHD Mode Composition in the Inner Heliosphere from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>'s First Perihelion

  , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
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  • Citations: 28

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