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  • Journal article
    Walter ERH, Lee LCC, Leung PKK, Lo KKW, Long NJet al., 2024,

    Mitochondria-targeting biocompatible fluorescent BODIPY probes

    , Chemical Science, ISSN: 2041-6520

    An increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is a characteristic feature of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it remains of crucial importance to develop new and improved fluorescent probes that are sensitive to the MMP, to report on mitochondrial health and function. Reported here are the design, synthesis, photophysical properties and biological characterisation of a series of BODIPY dyes, BODIPY-Mito-n, for mitochondria-targeted fluorescence imaging applications. Six BODIPY-Mito-n analogues were synthesised under mild conditions, and displayed excellent fluorescence quantum yields of between 0.59 and 0.72 in aqueous environments at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). The incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains to the triarylphosphonium cation moiety significantly improved the biocompatibility of the probes (BODIPY-Mito-6, IC50 > 50 μM). All BODIPY-Mito-n compounds demonstrated a high MMP-sensitive localisation in the mitochondria, with Pearson's correlation coefficients (PCC) of between 0.76 and 0.96. Compounds BODIPY-Mito-2 and BODIPY-Mito-6 revealed the highest sensitivity to the MMP, with a decrease in the emission intensity of 62% and 75%, respectively following MMP depolarisation. It is anticipated that the highest MMP sensitivity and enhanced biocompatibility of BODIPY-Mito-6 could lead to the development of new probes for mitochondrial imaging in the future.

  • Journal article
    Bennett TLR, Long NJ, 2023,

    A convenient synthesis of ferrocene-(ethynylphenyl)thioacetates.

    , Dalton Trans, Vol: 52, Pages: 16465-16471

    Ferrocene is popular within the field of molecular electronics due to its well-defined electronic properties. However, where the conductance of highly-conjugated oligophenylethylenes has been widely studied, work on analogous ferrocenyl systems has been relatively rare, possibly due to difficulties associated with the synthesis of molecules containing terminal thioacetates, which are often used to bind molecules to metallic electrodes. Herein, a widely applicable synthetic methodology is demonstrated which can be used to synthesize a variety of conjugated ferrocene-alkyne systems terminated with thioacetates, including symmetric, asymmetric and multi-ferrocene systems. Conjugation of the ferrocene units to their terminal atoms is then shown through the use of both UV/Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. This work paves the way for future studies and applications of conjugated ferrocene systems in the field of nanoelectronics.

  • Journal article
    Yue TTC, Ge Y, Aprile FA, Ma MT, Pham TT, Long NJet al., 2023,

    Site-Specific <SUP>68</SUP>Ga Radiolabeling of Trastuzumab Fab via Methionine for ImmunoPET Imaging

    , BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY, ISSN: 1043-1802
  • Journal article
    Aboagye E, Teh JH, Amgheib A, Fu R, Barnes C, Abrahams J, Ashek A, Wang N, Yang Z, Mansoorudeen M, Long NJ, Aboagye Eet al., 2023,

    Evaluation of [18F]AlF-EMP-105 for molecular imaging of 2 C-Met

    , Pharmaceutics, Vol: 15, Pages: 1-13, ISSN: 1999-4923

    C-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed in a range of different cancer types, and has been identified as a potential biomarker for cancer imaging and therapy. Previously, a 68Ga-labelled peptide, [68Ga]Ga-EMP-100, has shown promise for imaging c-Met in renal cell carcinoma in humans. Herein, we report the synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of an [18F]AlF-labelled analogue, [18F]AlF-EMP-105, for c-Met imaging by positron emission tomography. EMP-105 was radiolabelled using the aluminium-[18F]fluoride method with 46 ± 2% RCY and >95% RCP in 35–40 min. In vitro evaluation showed that [18F]AlF-EMP-105 has a high specificity for c-Met-expressing cells. Radioactive metabolite analysis at 5 and 30 min post-injection revealed that [18F]AlF-EMP-105 has good blood stability, but undergoes transformation—transchelation, defluorination or demetallation—in the liver and kidneys. PET imaging in non-tumour-bearing mice showed high radioactive accumulation in the kidneys, bladder and urine, demonstrating that the tracer is cleared predominantly as [18F]fluoride by the renal system. With its high specificity for c-Met expressing cells, [18F]AlF-EMP-105 shows promise as a potential diagnostic tool for imaging cancer.

  • Journal article
    Lim Kee Chang W, Chan T, Raguseo F, Mishra A, Chattenton D, de Rosales RTM, Long N, Morse Set al., 2023,

    Rapid short-pulses of focused ultrasound and microbubbles deliver a range of agent sizes to the brain

    , Scientific Reports, Vol: 13, ISSN: 2045-2322

    Focused ultrasound and microbubbles can non-invasively and locally deliver therapeutics and imaging agents across the blood–brain barrier. Uniform treatment and minimal adverse bioeffects are critical to achieve reliable doses and enable safe routine use of this technique. Towards these aims, we have previously designed a rapid short-pulse ultrasound sequence and used it to deliver a 3 kDa model agent to mouse brains. We observed a homogeneous distribution in delivery and blood–brain barrier closing within 10 min. However, many therapeutics and imaging agents are larger than 3 kDa, such as antibody fragments and antisense oligonucleotides. Here, we evaluate the feasibility of using rapid short-pulses to deliver higher-molecular-weight model agents. 3, 10 and 70 kDa dextrans were successfully delivered to mouse brains, with decreasing doses and more heterogeneous distributions with increasing agent size. Minimal extravasation of endogenous albumin (66.5 kDa) was observed, while immunoglobulin (~ 150 kDa) and PEGylated liposomes (97.9 nm) were not detected. This study indicates that rapid short-pulses are versatile and, at an acoustic pressure of 0.35 MPa, can deliver therapeutics and imaging agents of sizes up to a hydrodynamic diameter between 8 nm (70 kDa dextran) and 11 nm (immunoglobulin). Increasing the acoustic pressure can extend the use of rapid short-pulses to deliver agents beyond this threshold, with little compromise on safety. This study demonstrates the potential for deliveries of higher-molecular-weight therapeutics and imaging agents using rapid short-pulses.

  • Journal article
    Hamill JM, Ismael A, Al-Jobory A, Bennett TLR, Alshahrani M, Wang X, Akers-Douglas M, Wilkinson LA, Robinson BJ, Long NJ, Lambert C, Albrecht Tet al., 2023,

    Quantum Interference and Contact Effects in the Thermoelectric Performance of Anthracene-Based Molecules

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, Vol: 127, Pages: 7484-7491, ISSN: 1932-7447
  • Journal article
    Long NJ, Bhargava S, 2022,

    Professor Edward Abel, FRSC, CBE (1931-2021)

    , DALTON TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 51, Pages: 16781-16783, ISSN: 1477-9226
  • Journal article
    Cooper SM, Siakalli C, White AJP, Frei A, Miller PW, Long NJet al., 2022,

    Synthesis and anti-microbial activity of a new series of bis(diphosphine) rhenium(v) dioxo complexes

    , DALTON TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 51, Pages: 12791-12795, ISSN: 1477-9226
  • Journal article
    Wilkinson LA, Bennett TLR, Grace IM, Hamill J, Wang X, Au-Yong S, Ismael A, Jarvis SP, Hou S, Albrecht T, Cohen LF, Lambert C, Robinson BJ, Long NJet al., 2022,

    Assembly, structure and thermoelectric properties of 1,1 '-dialkynylferrocene 'hinges'

    , CHEMICAL SCIENCE, ISSN: 2041-6520
  • Journal article
    Frei A, Rigby A, Yue TTC, Firth G, Ma MT, Long NJet al., 2022,

    To chelate thallium(i) - synthesis and evaluation of Kryptofix-based chelators for Tl-201

    , DALTON TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 51, Pages: 9039-9048, ISSN: 1477-9226
  • Journal article
    Cooper SM, White AJP, Eykyn TR, Ma MT, Miller PW, Long NJet al., 2022,

    N-Centered Tripodal Phosphine Re(V) and Tc(V) Oxo Complexes: Revisiting a [3+2] Mixed-Ligand Approach

    , INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Vol: 61, Pages: 8000-8014, ISSN: 0020-1669
  • Journal article
    Bennett TLR, Alshammari M, Au-Yong S, Almutlg A, Wang X, Wilkinson LA, Albrecht T, Jarvis SP, Cohen LF, Ismael A, Lambert CJ, Robinson BJ, Long NJet al., 2022,

    Multi-component self-assembled molecular-electronic films: towards new high-performance thermoelectric systems

    , CHEMICAL SCIENCE, Vol: 13, Pages: 5176-5185, ISSN: 2041-6520
  • Journal article
    Sheppard SA, Bennett TLR, Long NJ, 2022,

    Development and Characterisation of Highly Conjugated Functionalised Ferrocenylene Macrocycles

    , EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Vol: 2022, ISSN: 1434-1948
  • Journal article
    Li Z, Li B, Wu X, Sheppard SA, Zhang S, Gao D, Long NJ, Zhu Zet al., 2022,

    Organometallic-functionalized interfaces for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

    , SCIENCE, Vol: 376, Pages: 416-+, ISSN: 0036-8075
  • Journal article
    Bourke S, Urbano L, Midson MM, Olona A, Qazi-Choudhry B, Panamarova M, Valderrama F, Long NJ, Dailey L-A, Green Met al., 2022,

    Nearly monodispersed, emission-tuneable conjugated polymer nanoparticles

    , Sensors &amp; Diagnostics, Vol: 1, Pages: 1185-1188

    <jats:p>We describe the synthesis of monodispersed, silica encapsulated conjugated polymer nanoparticles, their colour tunability and use in imaging HeLa cells.</jats:p>

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