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@article{Leonzio:2022:10.1016/j.seta.2022.102866,
author = {Leonzio, G and Fennell, PS and Shah, N},
doi = {10.1016/j.seta.2022.102866},
journal = {Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments},
pages = {1--22},
title = {Air-source heat pumps for water heating at a high temperature: State of the art},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102866},
volume = {54},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - Concerns about climate changes are urging the decarbonisation of the energy sector and heat pumps are evaluated for this purpose here. About half of total energy consumption is caused by heating, and the use of heat pumps for this aim is gaining the attention of the research community.This work shows a comprehensive overview of air-source heat pumps used for water heating at a high temperature, with a particular aim to add the supplied heat into the air capture cycle. Air-source heat pumps use different cycles. The literature analysis shows that high temperatures (up to 90 °C) can be easily achieved by trans-critical cycles, while innovative schemes based on heat recuperative solutions might provide hot water up to 99 °C. Very few studies have been conducted about absorption cycles, although these can potentially ensure higher temperatures for the supplied water (up to 115 °C).Although real industrial air source heat pumps achieve a water temperatures lower than those reported above, their utilization is encouraged because, even at high temperatures (up to 100 °C), there are primary energy consumption, cost and carbon dioxide emission savings compared to a traditional boiler, especially when the renewable electricity is used.
AU - Leonzio,G
AU - Fennell,PS
AU - Shah,N
DO - 10.1016/j.seta.2022.102866
EP - 22
PY - 2022///
SN - 2213-1388
SP - 1
TI - Air-source heat pumps for water heating at a high temperature: State of the art
T2 - Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102866
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213138822009146?via%3Dihub
VL - 54
ER -