The folding of chromosomes is a carefully regulated process, essential to the function and propagation of DNA molecule(s) over generations. Past and recent work have revealed its importance in bacteria or eukaryotes, where regulatory mechanisms have evolved to coordinate chromosome organization with other DNA-related metabolic processes such as segregation. Our research is focusing on the interplay between chromosome dynamics, cell cycle, and consequences on chromosome stability, that we study principally on microorganisms. To do so, we use a combination of genome-wide and single-cell technologies (3C, Hi-C, imaging), synthetic methods (neo-chromosome assembly), as well as in vitro and in vivo approaches.