Results
- Showing results for:
- Reset all filters
Search results
-
Journal articleBrook TS, Hutton IJ, Papadopulos AST, et al., 2025,
Two new species of Currant Bush Coprosma (Rubiaceae) from an endemic radiation on Lord Howe Island
, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, ISSN: 0024-4074Molecular and morphological evidence provide support for the description of two new species of Coprosma (Rubiaceae) from Lord Howe Island, a remote oceanic island in the Tasman Sea. The first species, C. savolainenii sp. nov., was discovered during a plant survey, whereas the second species, C. ptotopetra sp. nov. was identified using DNA fingerprinting. Confirmation of both has recently been reconfirmed through high-throughput sequencing. We provide detailed descriptions of each new species, alongside an updated description of C. putida, a species with similar morphology to C. ptotopetra sp. nov.. We also provide phenological, distribution, and conservation data for each species. This description goes beyond a traditional species account, as it represents a unique endemic radiation occurring in sympatry on an isolated island of global conservation significance. It may also represent a rare botanical example of the syngameon hypothesis, where hybrid speciation accelerates evolutionary radiation.
-
Journal articleShah A, 2025,
CFTR modulators partially restore the epithelial interferome in Aspergillus infection to improve clinical outcome
, EBioMedicine, ISSN: 2352-3964BackgroundThe impact of CFTR modulator therapy on host immunity and outcomes in people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF)-related Aspergillus lung disease is poorly defined. We aimed to characterise fungal-relevant clinical outcomes post-CFTR modulators and assess effects on the Aspergillus-dependent Type I/III interferome.MethodsBiomarkers of Aspergillus-related lung disease (Aspergillus-specific IgE/IgG), anti-fungal and corticosteroid therapy were analysed in a retrospective cohort of people with CF pre and post Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) modulator therapy. Homozygous F508del (CF) and CFTR TALEN-corrected bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were challenged with Aspergillus conidia and hyphae in the presence or absence of ETI CFTR modulator therapy with bulk RNA transcriptomics and RT-PCR used to analyse Type I/III interferon genes. Effects of exogenous type I and III interferons on CF-neutrophil antifungal effector function was further characterised. FindingsCFTR modulator (ETI) therapy was associated with a significant reduction in Aspergillus biomarkers alongside use of corticosteroid and anti-fungal therapy. In vitro Aspergillus stimulation enriched the Type I/III interferome in CFTR-corrected BECs compared to CF BECs, with ETI therapy partially restoring type I/III interferon gene expression in CF BECs. Administration of exogenous IFN𝝀1 increased anti-fungal killing in CF neutrophils without increased reactive-oxygen species or neutrophil extracellular trap production.InterpretationCFTR modulators have led to improved clinical outcomes in CF related Aspergillus-related lung disease potentially due to partial restoration of the host antifungal epithelial type I/III interferon response. Exogenous IFNλ1 further improved antifungal killing capacity of CF-neutrophils presenting a plausible future therapeutic strategy.Funding: This study was funded by the Cystic Fibrosis Trust (SRC015).
-
Journal articleQi M, Bidartondo MI, Suz LM, et al., 2025,
Predicted Effects of Climate Change on Future Distributions of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi
, ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2045-7758 -
Journal articleMayer F, Sampson WW, Wloch D, et al., 2025,
Towards the efficient preparation of tough cellulose nanopapers
, CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, Vol: 370, ISSN: 0144-8617 -
Journal articleBouchali R, Sentenac H, Bates KA, et al., 2025,
Unraveling the disease pyramid: the role of environmental micro-eukaryotes in amphibian resistance to the deadly fungal pathogen <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i>
, MSYSTEMS -
Journal articleMugunthan S, Dong Z, Chotirmall SH, et al., 2025,
Stress-induced toxic genomic R-loops support biofilm extracellular matrix formation.
, Nat Commun, Vol: 16Self-aggregation into biofilms is a bacterial stress response that promotes antimicrobial resistance because biofilms comprise viscous extracellular polymeric matrices that impede antimicrobial diffusion. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is typically a principal component of the biofilm matrix. Here we show that persistent R-loops, which are three-stranded nucleic acid structures consisting of single DNA and a DNA:RNA hybrid, contribute to the viscoelastic behaviour of eDNA in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. The RNA strands are inserted throughout the genome by the strand exchange protein RecA, at locations in the genome distant from the site of their own transcription i.e. in trans. R-loop formation creates genomic instability in bacterial cells that subsequently die and release R-loops. These events appear to occur as part of a programmed cell death pathway, which is activated by the stringent stress response. The released R-loops become building blocks of the viscoelastic extracellular matrix, for the benefit of the remaining population. Our results indicate that R-loops facilitate the formation of the viscoelastic eDNA matrix in the context of bacterial stress responses, and that interfering with the R-loops may provide a broadly effective strategy for biofilm control.
-
Journal articleLim LHM, Juang YR, Chotirmall SH, et al., 2025,
Economic burden of asthma multimorbidity in Singapore: Shadow costs of steroid use
, World Allergy Organization Journal, Vol: 18Background In some countries including Singapore, biologic therapies are not routinely available. Instead, oral corticosteroid (OCS) is commonly used for severe asthma management, which could lead to substantial adverse health events. Objective To estimate the multimorbidity costs in asthma patients from a multi-ethnic Asian population. Methods We examined national health administrative data (2012–2019) from Singapore. Direct medical costs were summed from costs of hospitalisation, emergency department (ED), specialist care, and public primary care. Prescription data were not available but formed part of public primary care costs. We measured cost per patient-year (PY) in 2023 Singaporean dollars (SGD$1 = US$0.76 = ₤0.60 = €0.69). We performed propensity-score matching on asthma and non-asthma patients, and applied generalised linear models to estimate total and excess costs due to asthma, OCS-related comorbidities, and other comorbidity groups. Results We identified 19,979 paediatric and 48,237 adult asthma patients (48.2% males, 50.4% Chinese, 13.9% Indian, 26.8% Malay), and matched equal number of non-asthma patients. Paediatric and adult asthma patients respectively incurred $816.3/PY (95% CI: $803.0/PY-$829.5/PY) and $1855.9/PY (95% CI: $1845.0/PY-$1871.0/PY) in total costs. The average ($1610.9/PY [95% CI: $1599.5/PY-$1621.3/PY]) was thrice of non-asthma patients’ ($530.4/PY). Excess costs (mean = $927.2/PY) were driven by asthma ($403.0/PY), OCS-related comorbidities ($104.0/PY), other metabolic disease ($116.4/PY), circulatory diseases ($112.9/PY) and non-asthma respiratory conditions ($107.4/PY). All excess cost components increased steadily over the 8-year study period. Conclusion The burden of asthma multimorbidity in Singapore is severe, with a considerable fraction attributable to OCS-related comorbidities. Policies should aim to reduce excess OCS use and enhance integrated multimorbidity management.
-
Journal articleCollins K, Stanley CE, Ouldridge TE, 2025,
Biochemical surface patterning in microfluidic devices
, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Vol: 96, ISSN: 0958-1669The capacity to pattern biomolecules within microfluidic devices expands the scope of microfluidic technologies. In such patterned systems, surface-bound components remain localized, while the microfluidic network supplies reagents and removes waste products. This approach has enabled continuous protein expression from patterned DNA, chemical synthesis from immobilized enzymes, and cell capture assays. Here, we review methods to pattern surfaces within microfluidic devices. Patterns may be printed before or after the device is assembled; pre-bonding methods are compatible with well-established open-surface patterning protocols but present challenges for device bonding and alignment. Conversely, post-bonding methods are compatible with standard bonding procedures but rely on less established, sequential patterning protocols. Future progress will require consistent reporting of pattern signal and noise relative to controls.
-
Journal articleSim-Devadas AL, Soon SBS, Lakshmanan EM, et al., 2025,
OPENing the door for patient and public involvement in medical research in Singapore
, Research Involvement and Engagement, Vol: 11Patient and public involvement (PPI) in research in Singapore is developing. In the last 10 years, there has been strong growth in patient advocacy and support groups and increasing interest in contributing to research. In recognition of the positive benefits of PPI to generate high quality research that matters to patients and the community, the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine launched the Office of Patient Engagement, otherwise known as OPEN. OPEN has developed training workshops and networking opportunities for researchers and patients, developed the Patient Voices community and held its first symposium in November 2024. OPEN is collaborating with the Singapore Clinical Research Institute, healthcare clusters and Universities across Singapore with the aim of expanding training, developing culturally appropriate PPI guidance and undertaking research to understand how to best implement PPI in the Asian setting.
-
Journal articleKim JS, Pugashetti J, Ma S-F, et al., 2025,
Associations of interstitial lung disease subtype and CT pattern with lung function and survival
, Thorax, Vol: 80, Pages: 927-934, ISSN: 0040-6376Background Prior work suggests different interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that share the radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern have an overall worse prognosis. However, epidemiological data with longitudinal sampling and replication remains lacking.Methods Data was used from the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (PFF-PR) (n=932) and a meta-cohort of ILD research studies (n=1579). Linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine forced vital capacity (FVC) slopes and 5-year transplant-free survival, respectively, by ILD diagnosis and UIP radiological pattern. Secondarily, we examined FVC and survival by diagnosis and radiological fibrosis quantified by data-driven texture analysis (DTA) in the PFF-PR. Models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking and antifibrotic and immunosuppression medication use.Results The proportions of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP) and connective tissue disease (CTD)-ILD were the following for PFF-PR (70%, 11%, 19%) and meta-cohort (21%, 32%, 47%). In the PFF-PR, CTD-ILD with UIP CT pattern was associated with slower FVC decline (−34.4 mL/year) compared with IPF (−158.4 mL/year) and longer transplant-free survival (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.85). This was replicated in the meta cohort for FVC (−53.1 vs −185.9 mL/year, p<0.0001) and survival (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.53). A similar pattern was seen using DTA to objectively categorise patients into higher and lower radiological fibrosis. Between IPF and FHP-UIP, FVC decline was not significantly different in the PFF-PR (−203.4 vs −158.4 mL/year, p=0.58) and meta-cohort (−124.0 vs −185.9 mL/year, p=0.25).Conclusions Even in the presence of a UIP CT pattern, there may still be differences in lung function over time and survival, particularly for CTD-ILD.
This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.
General enquiries
For any enquiries about the Fungal Science Network at Imperial, please contact: