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  • Journal article
    Kontoe S, Zdravkovic L, Potts DM, Menkiti COet al., 2008,

    Case study on seismic tunnel response

    , Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol: 45, Pages: 1743-1764

    This paper presents a case study of the Bolu highway twin tunnels that experienced a wide range of damage during the 1999 Duzce earthquake in Turkey. Attention is focused on a particular section of the left tunnel that was still under construction when the earthquake struck and that experienced extensive damage during the seismic event. Static and dynamic plane strain finite element (FE) analyses were undertaken to investigate the seismic tunnel response at two sections and to compare the results with the post-earthquake field observations. The predicted maximum total hoop stress during the earthquake exceeds the strength of shotcrete in the examined section. The occurrence of lining failure and the predicted failure mechanism compare very favourably with field observations. The results of the dynamic FE analyses are also compared with those obtain by simplified methodologies (i.e. two analytical elastic solutions and quasi-static elasto-plastic FE analyses). For this example, the quasi-static racking analysis gave thrust and bending moment distributions around the lining that differed significantly from those obtained from full dynamic analyses. However, the resulting hoop stress distributions were in reasonable agreement.
  • Journal article
    Stafford PJ, Pettinga JR, Berrill JB, 2008,

    Seismic source identification and characterisation for probabilistic seismic hazard analyses conducted in the Buller-NW Nelson region, South Island, New Zealand

    , Journal of Seismology, Vol: 12, Pages: 477-498, ISSN: 1383-4649
  • Conference paper
    Taborda D, Zdravkovic L, Kontoe S, Potts DMet al., 2008,

    Modelling cyclic pile response using the Finite Element Method

    , 8th International Conference on the Application of Stress-Wave Theory to Piles, Pages: 327-333
  • Journal article
    Gomes JLMA, Pain CC, Eaton MD, Piggott MD, Goddard AJH, Ziver AK, Yamane Y, de Oliveira CREet al., 2008,

    Investigation of nuclear criticality within a powder using coupled neutronics and thermofluids

    , Annals of Nuclear Engineering, Vol: 35, Pages: 2073-2093
  • Book chapter
    Piggott MD, Pain CC, Gorman GJ, 2008,

    Unstructured adaptive meshes for ocean modeling

    , Ocean modeling in an eddying regime, Editors: Hecht, Hasumi, Hecht, Hasumi, Publisher: Amer Geophysical Union, Pages: 383-408, ISBN: 9780875904429
  • Journal article
    van Reeuwijk M, Jonker HJJ, Hanjalic K, 2008,

    Wind and boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection. I. Analysis and modeling

    , PHYS REV E, Vol: 77
  • Journal article
    Crowley H, Bommer JJ, Stafford PJ, 2008,

    Recent developments in the treatment of ground-motion variability in earthquake loss models

    , Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Vol: 12, Pages: 71-80, ISSN: 1363-2469
  • Journal article
    Stafford PJ, 2008,

    Conditional Prediction of Absolute Durations

    , Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol: 98, Pages: 1588-1594
  • Journal article
    Crowley H, Stafford PJ, Bommer JJ, 2008,

    Can earthquake loss models be validated using field observations?

    , Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Vol: 12, Pages: 1078-1104
  • Journal article
    Verdoold J, van Reeuwijk M, Tummers MJ, Jonker HJJ, Hanjalic Ket al., 2008,

    Spectral analysis of boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection

    , PHYS REV E, Vol: 77
  • Journal article
    Kontoe S, Zdravkovic L, Potts DM, 2008,

    The Domain Reduction Method for dynamic coupled consolidation problems in geotechnical engineering

    , International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol: 32, Pages: 659-680
  • Journal article
    saunders J, jackson M, pain C, 2008,

    Fluid flow monitoring in oilfields using downhole measurements of electrokinetic potential

    , Geophysics, Vol: 73, Pages: E165-E180

    Downhole measurements of electrokinetic potential are a promising new technology for hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring. Using a 3Dfinite-element model combining both multiphase flow and electrokinetic components, we investigated the behavior of electrokinetic (streaming) potential during oil production in a range of reservoir environments. We found that streaming-potential signals originate at fluid fronts and at geologic boundaries where fluid saturation changes. As water encroaches on an oil production well, the streaming-potential signal associated with the water front encompasses the well even when the front is up to 100 m away, so the potential measured at the well starts to change significantly relative to a distant reference electrode. Variations in the geometry of the encroaching water front can be characterized using an array of electrodes positioned along the well, but a good understanding of the local reservoir geology is required to identify signals caused by the front. The streaming potential measured at a well is maximized in low-permeability reservoirs produced at a high rate and in thick reservoirs with low shale content. However, considerable uncertainties remain, particularly relating to the nature of electrokinetic coupling at high salinity and during multiphase flow. Our results suggest that the streaming potential at low salinity (10^-3–10^-4 mol/L) is large (100–1000 mV) but might become too small to resolve (<0.1) mV at high salinity (0.5–2 mol/L), depending on how the available data for the electrokinetic coupling at low salinity are extrapolated into the high-salinity domain. More work remains to determine the behavior of electrokinetic coupling and therefore the utility of this technique at high salinity.
  • Conference paper
    van Reeuwijk M, Mathias SA, Simmons CT, Ward JDet al., 2008,

    Improving the worthiness of the Elder problem as a benchmark for buoyancy driven convection models

    , Virtual Conference on Climate Change and CO2 Storage, Publisher: Nature Precedings
  • Journal article
    van Reeuwijk M, Jonker HJJ, Hanjalic K, 2008,

    Wind and boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection. II. Boundary layer character and scaling

    , PHYS REV E, Vol: 77
  • Journal article
    Sargeant SL, Stafford PJ, Lawley R, Weatherill G, Weston A-J, Bommer JJ, Burton PW, Free M, Musson RMW, Kuuyuor T, Rossetto Tet al., 2008,

    Observations from the Folkestone, U.K., earthquake of 28 April 2007

    , Seismological Research Letters, Vol: 79, Pages: 672-687
  • Journal article
    Stafford PJ, Strasser FO, Bommer JJ, 2008,

    An evaluation of the applicability of the NGA models to ground-motion prediction in the Euro-Mediterranean region

    , Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, Vol: 6, Pages: 149-177, ISSN: 1570-761X

    The first phase of the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) project has now finished, resulting in the publication of five new sets of empirical ground-motion models for PGA, PGV and response spectral ordinates. These models mark a significant advancement in the state-of-the-art in empirical ground-motion modelling and include many effects that are not accounted for in existing European equations. Under the assumption that the Euro-Mediterranean database from which the European relationships are derived is unlikely to drastically change in the near future, a prudent question to ask is: can the NGA models be applied in Europe? In order to answer this question, the NGA model of Boore and Atkinson (PEER Report 2007/01, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 234 pp., 2007), which is shown to be representative of the NGA models as a suite, is compared with the dataset used for the development of the most recent European empirical ground-motion models for response spectral ordinates and peak ground velocity. The comparisons are made using analyses of model residuals and the likelihood approach of Scherbaum et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 94(6):2164–2185, 2004). The analyses indicate that for most engineering applications, and particularly for displacement-based approaches to seismic design, the NGA models may confidently be applied within Europe. Furthermore, it is recommended that they be used in conjunction with existing European models to provide constraint on finite-fault effects and non-linear site response within logic-tree frameworks. The findings also point to the potential benefits of merging the NGA and European datasets.
  • Journal article
    Rushmer T, Jackson MD, 2008,

    Impact of melt segregation on tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) petrogenesis

    , Trans. Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Science, Vol: 79, Pages: 325-336
  • Journal article
    Hancock J, Bommer JJ, Stafford PJ, 2008,

    Numbers of scaled and matched accelerograms required for inelastic dynamic analyses

    , Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol: 37, Pages: 1585-1607, ISSN: 0098-8847
  • Journal article
    Grammatikopoulou A, Zdravkovic L, Potts DM, 2007,

    The effect of the yield and plastic potential deviatoric surfaces on the failure height of an embankment

    , GEOTECHNIQUE, Vol: 57, Pages: 795-806, ISSN: 0016-8505
  • Journal article
    Whittaker AC, Cowie PA, Attal M, Tucker GE, Roberts GPet al., 2007,

    Contrasting transient and steady-state rivers crossing active normal faults: new field observations from the Central Apennines, Italy

    , BASIN RESEARCH, Vol: 19, Pages: 529-556, ISSN: 0950-091X

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