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• Conference paper
  Colella F, Rein G, Verda V, Borchiellini R, Torero JLet al., 2011,

  Time-dependent multiscale simulations of fire emergencies in longitudinally ventilated tunnels

  , Pages: 359-372, ISSN: 1817-4299

  This paper applies a novel and fast multiscale approach to model ventilation flows and fires in tunnels. The complexity and high cost of full CFD models and the inaccuracies of simplistic zone or analytical models are avoided by efficiently combining mono-dimensional (1-D) and CFD (3-D) modeling techniques. The multiscale model couples a 3-D CFD solver with a simple 1-D model allowing for a more rational use of the computational resources. The 1-D network models tunnel regions where the flow is fully developed (far field), and detailed CFD is used where flow conditions require 3-D resolution (near field). The multiscale method has been applied to model steady-state fires and tunnel ventilation systems, including jet fans, vertical shafts and portals, and it is applied here to study the transient flow interactions in a modern tunnel of 7 m diameter section and 1.2 km in length. Different ventilation scenarios are investigated to provide the timing to reach the critical velocity conditions at the seat of the fire and to remove the upstream back layering. The much lower computational cost is of great value, especially for parametric and sensitivity studies required in the design or assessment of real ventilation and fire safety systems. This is the first time that a comprehensive analysis of the transient fire and ventilation flow scenarios in a long tunnel is conducted. © 2011 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR FIRE SAFETY SCIENCE.

  • Abstract
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  • Citations: 3
• Journal article
  Bal N, Rein G, 2011,

  Numerical investigation of the ignition delay time of a translucent solid at high radiant heat fluxes

  , COMBUSTION AND FLAME, Vol: 158, Pages: 1109-1116, ISSN: 0010-2180
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 49
• Journal article
  Law A, Stern-Gottfried J, Gillie M, Rein Get al., 2011,

  The influence of travelling fires on a concrete frame

  , ENGINEERING STRUCTURES, Vol: 33, Pages: 1635-1642, ISSN: 0141-0296
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 43
• Journal article
  Jahn W, Rein G, Torero JL, 2011,

  A posteriori modelling of the growth phase of Dalmarnock Fire Test One

  , BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 46, Pages: 1065-1073, ISSN: 0360-1323
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  • Citations: 24
• Journal article
  Jahn W, Rein G, Torero JL, 2011,

  Forecasting fire growth using an inverse zone modelling approach

  , FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL, Vol: 46, Pages: 81-88, ISSN: 0379-7112
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 34
• Conference paper
  Rein G, 2011,

  Wildfires, Fire Science and Fire Safety Engineering

  , Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: 293-294, ISSN: 0015-2684
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• Journal article
  Pironi P, Switzer C, Gerhard JI, Rein G, Torero JLet al., 2011,

  Self-Sustaining Smoldering Combustion for NAPL Remediation: Laboratory Evaluation of Process Sensitivity to Key Parameters

  , ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 45, Pages: 2980-2986, ISSN: 0013-936X
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 52
• Journal article
  Carvel R, Steinhaus T, Rein G, Torero JLet al., 2011,

  Determination of the flammability properties of polymeric materials: A novel method

  , Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol: 96, Pages: 314-319, ISSN: 0141-3910
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• Journal article
  Hadden RM, Rein G, 2011,

  Small-scale experiments of self-sustaining decomposition of NPK fertilizer and application to events aboard the Ostedijk in 2007

  , JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, Vol: 186, Pages: 731-737, ISSN: 0304-3894
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  • Citations: 11
• Journal article
  Colella F, Rein G, Torero JL, Borchiellini Ret al., 2011,

  A Novel Multiscale Methodology for Simulating Tunnel Ventilation Flows During Fires

  , FIRE TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 47, Pages: 221-253, ISSN: 0015-2684
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 34
• Book chapter
  Rein G, 2011,

  Smoldering Combustion Phenomena and Coal Fires

  , COAL AND PEAT FIRES: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE, VOL 1: COAL - GEOLOGY AND COMBUSTION, Editors: Stracher, Prakash, Sokol, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 307-315
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 16
• Journal article
  Rogaume T, Valencia LB, Guillaume E, Richard F, Luche J, Rein G, Torero JLet al., 2011,

  DEVELOPMENT OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION MECHANISM OF POLYETHER POLYURETHANE FOAM USING BOTH CONDENSED AND GAS-PHASE RELEASE DATA

  , COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 183, Pages: 627-644, ISSN: 0010-2202
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 18
• Book chapter
  Hadden R, Rein G, 2011,

  Burning and Water Suppression of Smoldering Coal Fires in Small-Scale Laboratory Experiments

  , COAL AND PEAT FIRES: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE, VOL 1: COAL - GEOLOGY AND COMBUSTION, Editors: Stracher, Prakash, Sokol, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 317-326
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  • Citations: 16
• Journal article
  Belcher CM, Yearsley JM, Hadden RM, McElwain JC, Rein Get al., 2010,

  Baseline intrinsic flammability of Earth’s ecosystems estimated from paleoatmospheric oxygen over the past 350 million years

  , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol: 107, Pages: 22448-22453

  Atmospheric oxygen (O2) is estimated to have varied greatly throughout Earth’s history and has been capable of influencing wildfire activity wherever fuel and ignition sources were present. Fires consume huge quantities of biomass in all ecosystems and play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. This means that understanding the influence of O2 on past fire activity has far-reaching consequences for the evolution of life and Earth’s biodiversity over geological timescales. We have used a strong electrical ignition source to ignite smoldering fires, and we measured their self-sustaining propagation in atmospheres of different oxygen concentrations. These data have been used to build a model that we use to estimate the baseline intrinsic flammability of Earth’s ecosystems according to variations in O2 over the past 350 million years (Ma). Our aim is to highlight times in Earth’s history when fire has been capable of influencing the Earth system. We reveal that fire activity would be greatly suppressed below 18.5% O2, entirely switched off below 16% O2, and rapidly enhanced between 19–22% O2. We show that fire activity and, therefore, its influence on the Earth system would have been high during the Carboniferous (350–300 Ma) and Cretaceous (145–65 Ma) periods; intermediate in the Permian (299–251 Ma), Late Triassic (285–201 Ma), and Jurassic (201–145 Ma) periods; and surprisingly low to lacking in the Early–Middle Triassic period between 250–240 Ma. These baseline variations in Earth’s flammability must be factored into our understanding of past vegetation, biodiversity, evolution, and biogeochemical cycles.

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• Journal article
  Colella F, Rein G, Carvel R, Reszka P, Torero JLet al., 2010,

  Analysis of the ventilation systems in the Dartford tunnels using a multi-scale modelling approach

  , TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 25, Pages: 423-432, ISSN: 0886-7798
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 29
• Journal article
  Cowlard A, Jahn W, Abecassis-Empis C, Rein G, Torero JLet al., 2010,

  Sensor Assisted Fire Fighting

  , FIRE TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 46, Pages: 719-741, ISSN: 0015-2684
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 42
• Journal article
  Stern-Gottfried J, Rein G, Bisby LA, Torero JLet al., 2010,

  Experimental review of the homogeneous temperature assumption in post-flashover compartment fires

  , FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL, Vol: 45, Pages: 249-261, ISSN: 0379-7112
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  • Citations: 51
• Journal article
  Belcher CM, Mander L, Rein G, Jervis FX, Haworth M, Hesselbo SP, Glasspool IJ, McElwain JCet al., 2010,

  Increased fire activity at the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in Greenland due to climate-driven floral change

  , NATURE GEOSCIENCE, Vol: 3, Pages: 426-429, ISSN: 1752-0894
  • Author Web Link
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  • Citations: 133
• Journal article
  Colella F, Rein G, Borchiellini R, Carvel R, Torero JL, Verda Vet al., 2009,

  Calculation and design of tunnel ventilation systems using a two-scale modelling approach

  , BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 44, Pages: 2357-2367, ISSN: 0360-1323
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  • Citations: 59
• Conference paper
  Jonsdottir AM, Rein G, 2009,

  Out of range

  , Pages: 14-17, ISSN: 1757-1324

  A survey and comparison of King's Buildings Campus (KB) and Informatics Forum was undertaken by the University of Edinburgh to review the narrow design fire specifications of the Eurocodes for many new buildings. Twenty-eight of the main buildings in the KB campus were inspected out of which 26 that have one or more enclosures fall outside the applicability of the Eurocode. The rooms/enclosures that were out of range with the Eurocode limitations were atriums open between floors, laboratories or workshops with skylights in the roof, larger lecture theatres where the height was over 4m, and floor areas over 500m2. The Informatics Forum at the University of Edinburgh had an open design that is beyond the range of applicability of traditional design methods. In the Informatics Forum, 8% of the total volume is inside the limitations. The difference in both the buildings could be due to the construction period.

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  • Citations: 11

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