BibTex format
@article{Askebjer:1995:10.1016/0920-5632(94)00757-M,
author = {Askebjer, P and Barwick, SW and Bergström, L and Bouchta, A and Carius, S and Coulthard, A and Engel, K and Erlandsson, B and Goobar, A and Gray, L and Hallgren, A and Halzen, F and Hulth, PO and Jacobsen, J and Johansson, S and Kandhadai, V and Liubarsky, I and Lowder, D and Miller, T and Mock, P and Morse, R and Porrata, R and Price, PB and Richards, A and Rubinstein, H and Schneider, E and Sun, Q and Tilav, S and Walck, C and Yodh, G},
doi = {10.1016/0920-5632(94)00757-M},
journal = {Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplements},
pages = {287--292},
title = {AMANDA: status report from the 1993-94 campaign and optical properties of the South Pole ice},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(94)00757-M},
volume = {38},
year = {1995}
}
RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)
TY - JOUR
AB - We report the first results of the AMANDA detector. During the antarctic summer 1993-94 four strings were deployed between 0.8 an 1 km depth, each equipped with 20 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). A laser source was used to investigate the optical properties of the ice in situ. We find that the ice is intrinsically extremely transparent. The measured absorption length is 59 ± 3 m, i.e. comparable with the quality of the ultra-pure water used in the IMB and Kamiokande proton-decay and neutrino experiments [1,2] and more than two times longer than the best value reported for laboratory ice [3]. Due to a residual density of air bubbles at these depths, the motion of photons in the medium is randomized. For spherical, smooth bubbles we find that, at 1 km depth, the average distance between collisions is about 25 cm. The measured inverse scattering length on bubbles decreases linearly with increasing depth in the volume of ice investigated. © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
AU - Askebjer,P
AU - Barwick,SW
AU - Bergström,L
AU - Bouchta,A
AU - Carius,S
AU - Coulthard,A
AU - Engel,K
AU - Erlandsson,B
AU - Goobar,A
AU - Gray,L
AU - Hallgren,A
AU - Halzen,F
AU - Hulth,PO
AU - Jacobsen,J
AU - Johansson,S
AU - Kandhadai,V
AU - Liubarsky,I
AU - Lowder,D
AU - Miller,T
AU - Mock,P
AU - Morse,R
AU - Porrata,R
AU - Price,PB
AU - Richards,A
AU - Rubinstein,H
AU - Schneider,E
AU - Sun,Q
AU - Tilav,S
AU - Walck,C
AU - Yodh,G
DO - 10.1016/0920-5632(94)00757-M
EP - 292
PY - 1995///
SN - 0920-5632
SP - 287
TI - AMANDA: status report from the 1993-94 campaign and optical properties of the South Pole ice
T2 - Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplements
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(94)00757-M
VL - 38
ER -